Objective To investigate the risk factors of Gallstone Disease ( GD) by a meta-analy-sis, which hopefully will help to develop a strategy for its prevention .Methods Thirty case-control studies on risk factors of GD in Chinese patients reported from 1987 to 2014 were included .A quantitative compre-hensive analysis and a heterogeneity test were conducted and the OR value and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by using Stata 12.0.Results A family history of GD [OR(95%CI):2.73(2.22~3.35)], alcohol drinking [OR(95%CI):1.53(1.20~1.97)], a history of biliary tract roundworm [OR (95%CI):5.28(3.10 ~9.00)], a history of biliary tract infection [OR(95%CI): 28.50(19.22 ~42.26 ) ] , a BMI≥25 kg/m2 [ OR ( 95%CI ):1.70 ( 1.51~1.92 ) ] , greasy food intake [ OR ( 95%CI ):3.27(1.76~6.07)], a non-vegetarian diet [OR(95%CI):2.03(1.48~2.77)], hyperlipidemia [OR (95%CI):2.26(1.88~2.71)], menopause [OR(95%CI):3.25(2.49~4.24)] and multiple preg-nancies [OR(95%CI):1.56(1.29~1.88)] were risk factors of GD in China.Besides, milk drinking [OR(95%CI):0.43(0.34~0.55)] and regular breakfast [OR(95%CI):0.19(0.06~0.64)] were protective factors of GD.Tea drinking [OR(95%CI): 0.43(0.34 ~0.55)], smoking [OR(95%CI):0.86(0.51~1.45)], and a vegetarian diet [OR(95%CI):0.24(0.05~1.13)] were possible GD’s protective factors as they were not statistically significant .Conclusion Having breakfast , drinking milk , keeping fit , less alcohol and avoiding Ascaris infection prevent the occurrence of GD in China .

Objective To explore predictive value of spectra parameter changing of transcranial Doppler (TCD) for intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in patients with intracranial infection. Methods TCD examination was taken before 128 times of lumbar puncture for pressure testing in 42 patients with intracranial infection. Meanwhile, Data of TCD and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure were recorded for later analysis and compared with control group.Results With ICP increase progressively , the TCD of above patients showed high resistance spectra, waveform sharpened, peak systolic velocity (Vs) without significant change while in end diastolic velocity (Vd) decreased and pulsatility index (PI) increased.Compared with control group, their blood flow velocity significantly increased.According to the TCD parameter and stepwise regression equations, predicted ICP and CPP ( ICPe and CPPe) were positive correlated with actual ICP and CPP (r=0.594,0.910, allP

砄bjective:To study the biological characteristics and mineralization activity of strom cells (MSC) isolated from rat bone marrow.Methods: MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow using gradient centrifuge (460 g,20 min) with 70% percoll and cultured with DMEM. The cells were then incubated with mineralization culture medium (MCM) in the presence of Dex (10～7 mol/L), ? GP (10 mmol/L) and AcA (50 g/L).Cell growth was studied with cell counting,alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression with a kit and mineralization with a saturated solution of alizarin red S (pH 4.3) stainning.Results: The isolated cells from bone marrow of rat were epithelial like. The doubling time (DT) of the cells in MCM or DMEM were 50.3 h and 66.1 h respectively. Mineralization was observed after the cells had been cultured in MCM for 28 days. bFGF and rhBMP 2 increased ALP expression of MSC in a dosage dependent manner. Conclusion: In vitro cultured MSCs may be induced to differentiate towards osteoblasts.

Objective To evaluate the role of transanal ileus tube decompression in the management of malignant obstruction of left-sided colon. Methods With the help of colonoscopy and radiography, 11 cases of left-sided malignant colonic obstruction were treated with transanal ileus tube insertion into the proximal obstruction site for the decompression of the dilated bowel. Curative effects were evaluated according to patient’s symptom relief, bowel sounds, abdominal circumference, intra-abdominal pressure, and plain abdominal radiography. Results Symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction were relieved in all the 11 cases after ileus tube decompression for 3~5 days. Laparoscopic or open primary colectomy was performed in 7 patients with resectable tumor. Postoperative follow-up observations for 1~18 months (median, 11 months) showed no complications like anastomotic leakage. Conclusions Transanal ileus tube decompression in the management of malignant obstruction of left-sided colon is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the safety of laparoscopic resection for giant abdominal benign mass.Methods Six cases of giant abdominal benign mass(8～25 in diameter)underwent laparoscopic exploration and resection under general anesthesia from July 2005 to March 2006.Results The laparoscopic resection was accomplished in all the 6 cases.The operation time was 75～220 min(mean,135 min),the intraoperative hemorrhage volume was 20～100 ml(mean,55 ml),the duration for abdominal drainage was 1～3 d(mean,2 d),and the postoperative hospital stay,2～7 d(mean,4.3 d).There was no complications such as intestinal injury,postoperative bleeding,or abdominal infection.Follow-up visits for 1～9 months(mean,6.5 months)found no recurrence.Conclusions Laparoscopic resection of giant abdominal benign mass is a feasible and safe minimally invasive technique.

Objective To evaluate the practical value tumor from nasopharynxl and the base of nasal cavity . Methods 12 patients , among these 5 cases suffered from the tumor of the base of nasal cavity and 7 from nasopharynx , were treated from January 2001 to January 2005 . After general anesthesia the tumors were incised by hard palate approach , and the preoperative selective intraarterial embolization were used in three nasopharyngeal tumors, and The controlled hypotension were used during surgery ifnecessary.Results Two malignant tumors were changed the type of surgery after the operation quick freeze pathologic examination. The mucosal flaps of other 10 cases survived and the function of phonation、swallowing、respiration and mastication were normal. The patients remained free of disease after follow-up period of over 1 year. Conclusions The endoscopic managent of resection tumor of nasopharynxl and the base of nasal cavity by hard palate approach have great advantage to traditional hard palate approach.

Objective:To study the biological characteristics and mineralization activity of strom cells (MSC) isolated from rat bone marrow.Methods: MSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow using gradient centrifuge (460 g,20 min) with 70% percoll and cultured with DMEM. The cells were then incubated with mineralization culture medium (MCM) in the presence of Dex (10～7 mol/L), β-GP (10 mmol/L) and AcA (50 g/L).Cell growth was studied with cell counting,alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression with a kit and mineralization with a saturated solution of alizarin red S (pH 4.3) stainning.Results: The isolated cells from bone marrow of rat were epithelial-like. The doubling time (DT) of the cells in MCM or DMEM were 50.3 h and 66.1 h respectively. Mineralization was observed after the cells had been cultured in MCM for 28 days. bFGF and rhBMP-2 increased ALP expression of MSC in a dosage dependent manner. Conclusion:In vitro cultured MSCs may be induced to differentiate towards osteoblasts.

Objective To study the effects of Bitong mixture on children with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp in perioperative period.Methods 72 patients acquired for nasal endoscope were randomly divided into a combining traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment group and a control group.The control group was given traditional western medical treatment,and treatment group was given Bitong mixture on that basis.Results ①clinical effects:Total effective rate of postoperative 3 months、6 months、9 months was 94.59％、88.89％、80.00％ in the treatment group respectively and 88.57％、80.00％、66.67％ in the control group respectively.Compared the two groups after treatment at the same time,differences were statistically significant (x2=6.41 、6.81、7.22,P＜0.05).The efficacy of 12 months after operation in the treatment group and control group declined compared with that of 3 months after operation in each group,but still significant differences existed between groups (x2=6.08、6.98,P＜0.05).②symptom score:symptoms improvements such as alleviating headaches 、reducing pus stuff at 2 weeks 、1 months 、3 months after treatment in the treatment group was obvious than those before the treatment (P＜0.01),and also better than those in the control group at the same time.The improving blocked nose,sense of smell after three months treatment in the treatment group were better than those of the control group respectively at the time(P＜0.05).Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine can effectively improve symptoms,enhance the curative effect in children with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp at perioperative period,and it is worth of further clinical application and research.

The social reputation-based incentive mechanisms in preventing the free riding behaviors were put for-ward according to the analysis of personal digital library and P2P technology. Since the reputation value of personal digital library was calculated according to the maximum flow algorithm, personal digital library must increase its reputation value by sharing the resources when it is going to obtain the necessary resources it wants.

objective :Tostudytherelationshipbetweenthenumberofcellclonewithcalcificationpotencyand theapplicationtimeofe PTFEmembraneofguidedtissueregeneration .Methods :e PTFEwasappliedinthe periodontaldefectsof 2 4teethin 4dogs .2 ,4and 8weeksafteroperationthetissuebetweenperiodontalmem braneandrootsurfacewasscaledandculturedin? MEM ,afterprimaryculture ,thecellswereclonedandcul turedinthepresenceofdexamethasoneformineralization .Results ::2 ,4and 8weeksafterapplicationofe PTFE 96,71and 10 4cellcloneswereobtainedandthemineralizationratio(% )ofthecloneswas 72 ,69and 3 9 (2or 4weeksvs 8weeksP 0 .0 5 ) ,respectively .Conclusion :Theresultssug gestthate PTFEmembraneshouldbetakenoutinnolessthan 6weeksafterappliedinperiodontaldeffects .