Objective: To investigate the effects of rhTNF alone and in combination with antitumor chemicals on Walker-256 cell line in vitro. Methods: the cytotoxic activity in vitro were be examined by MTT method and the flow cytometry(FCM) analysis and alteration of every phase of cell cycle for rhTNF or (and) Adriamycin(ADM) against Walker-256 cell line. Results: rhTNF had a strong activity of antitumor in vitro and good dose-effect relationship(r=0.9811). Compared with negative control group, the effect of rhTNF was significant (P

Objective To investigate the efficacy of centrally fixed eyeball for assessment of the depth of anesthesia in premature infants undergoing outpatient fundus examination. Methods Fifty eight premature infants undergoing examination of fundus of eyes were enrolled in this study. Their gestational age (from the first day of last menstruation period to birth) + after birth age (from birth to the day when examination of fundus of eyes was performed) = 44-64 weeks. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: Ⅰ group body movement (group M, n = 27) and Ⅱ group centrally fixed eyeball (group E, n = 31). Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane inhalation. The patients were breathing spontaneously. The eyelids were kept open with speculum after induction of anesthesia. The EC50 of sevoflurane concentration which could inhibit body movement or make eyeballs centrally fixed was determined by up-and-down sequential experiment. The initial isoflurane concentration was 3% in both groups. Each time the isoflurane concentration was increased/decreased by 0.5 %. 95 % confidence interval (CI) was calculated. The lowest SpO2, respiratory rate and coughing during maintenance of anesthesia were recorded. Results The EC50 of sevoflurane (95% CI) was 2.9% (2.2%-3.6%) in group M and 3.4%(2.6%-4.6%) in group E. Examination was successfully completed in all patients. No respiratory depression and coughing occurred during examination and no vomiting and coughing were observed during feeding at 1 h after recovery from anesthesia. No body movement occurred in 15 patients whose eyeballs were centrally fixed in group E. Conclusion Centrally fixed eyeball can be used as sign of appropriate depth of anesthesia for fundus examination in premature infants.

Objective To observe reverse effect of anisodamine to the adverse effect of remifentanil during enteroscopy without pain for patients with bradycardia .Methods Sixty‐five patients with bradycardia were selected and divided randomly into group C (n=21 ,control group)、group A1 (n=22 ,anisodamine by instillation) and group A2 (n=22 ,anisodamine by continous infusion) .In‐duction :Intravenous etomidate 0 .08 mg/kg ,propofol 1 .00 mg/kg and remifentanil 0 .10μg/kg in 3 groups .Ten mg anisodamine in‐fused by instillation before induction in group A1 ,5 mg anisodamine infused by instillation before induction and continous infused by 0 .25 mg/min in group A2 .Maintenance:All group received propofol 4 mg · kg‐1 · h‐1 ,remifentanil 0 .05 μg · kg‐1 · min‐1 after un‐dergoing enteroscopy .stopping pumping propofol when colonoscopy reached ileocecal junction ,and we took off remifentanil when colonoscopy withdraw to decending colon .Then we observed and recorded HR ,SpO2 ,MAP ,dosage ,fluid infusion ,induction time , check time ,analepsia time ,degree and of enterospasm and numbers of cases and side effect at T0 (before induction) ,T1 (beginning of operation) ,T2 (into the transverse colon) ,T3 (to the ileocecal junction) ,T4 (exit) .Results There were no significant difference a‐mong 3 groups of induction time .Compared with group A1 and group A2 about check time and analepsia time ,group C was much shorter .The HR of group A1 and A2 were more stable than group C at T2 、T3 .At T1 、T2 ,the fluctuation of HR of group A2 was less than that of group A1 .There was obviously different among 3 groups of propofol′s dosage ,operation time and enterospasm ,the effect of group A1 and group A2 were better .There was statistically significant in number of cases of body movement between group A1 (1/22)and group C(4/21) ,there was also statistical significance between group A1 ,group A2 and group C(P<0 .05) .Conclusion There are no difference between 2 methods about relieving enterospasm ,refraining intestinal angina ,shortening operation time , saving anesthetic dosage .Effect of continous pumping to undulation of HR may be more stable .

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on minimal induced dose of propofol and cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation.Methods A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted.Sixty patients who underwent elective laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into the dexmedetomidine group (treatment group) and control group.Patients in treatment group were given dexmedetomidine at dose of 0.1 μg/kg · min for 10 min before anesthesia induction,and then infused with 0.4 μg/kg · h until the end.Sodium chloride injection was infused at the same rate in control group.After 10 minutes from the start of dexmedetomidine or sodium chloride injection,propofol was infused by 0.4 mg/kg · min.The dosage of propofol used was recorded when eyelash reflex disappearing,and BIS value in 40 to 60.Propofol was infusion at the same rate,and laryngoscope was incubated at 2 minutes after fentanyl and rocuronium were given.The alertness/sedation (OAA/S scores),mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate,pluse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and BIS values were recorded at baseline (before dexmedetomidine or sodium chloride injection infusion),5 and 10 minutes after dexmedetomidine or sodium chloride injection infusion,at the time of eyelash reflex disappearing,before endotracheal intubation,placing the laryngoscope,1,3 and 5 min after intubation.Results OAA/S scores and BIS values in the treatment group were significantly lower than that of control group at 5 minutes and 10 minutes after the dexmedetomidine or sodium chloride injection infusion(P ＜0.05).MAP in treatment group was higher than that of control group at the time of eyelash reflex disappearing,before endotracheal intubation,placing the laryngoscope,1,3 and 5 minutes after intubation (P ＜0.05).Heart rate in treatment group was lower than that of control group at 5 and 10 minutes after dexmedetomidine or sodium chloride injection infusion and before the endotracheal intubation(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in terms of SpO2 between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).When patients consciousness disappeared and BIS values were in 40-60,the minimum induced dose of propofol was (88.00 ± 25.91) mg in treatment group and (117.33 ± 25.45) mg in control group.The dosage of propofol treatment group was obviously less than control group (t =4.423,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine reduces the minimum induced dose of propofol while maintaining more stable hemodynamic changes during anesthesia induction.However,there has no obvious inhibition effect on cardiovascular response to tracheal intubation.

Objective To analyze hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection stage in single nucleic acid test(NAT)reactive blood donors.Methods Blood donor samples were screened routinely for HBV DNA by using transcription-mediated amplification(TMA) NAT and quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Then serum markers of HBV were also detected.The HBV infection stage was analyzed.Results Among the 225 single NAT reactive samples,78(34.67%) were identified to be reactive for HBV DNA by TMA NAT discrimination test and/or PCR test,of which 63(82.89%) were occult HBV infection(OBI),13(17.11%) were probably window period infection(pWP),and 2 cases could not be classified for infection stage.Among the OBI samples,49 samples(77.78%) were with HBV DNA concentration less than 20 IU/mL,whereas,there were only 4 samples(30.77%) in pWP samples.The 225 samples were classified into three groups according to the S/CO of NAT, including 1-<6 group,6-<10 group and 10-17 group, the confirmed HBV DNA positive rates of which were 13.11%,13.64% and 47.18%,and the positive rate of 10-17 group was higher than 1-<6 group and 6-<10 group(P<0.05).In all 63 OBI samples,there were 8(12.70%),3(4.76%) and 52(82.54%) samples were classified into S/CO 1-<6,6-<10 and 10-17,respectively.All of the 13 pWP samples were with NAT S/CO of 10-17.Conclusion Part of single NAT reactive blood donors could be with HBV infection,of which OBI might be popular than pWP, with very low concentration of HBV DNA.Deferral of single NAT reactive blood donors could reduce transfusion-transmitted HBV infection.

Acupuncture as an effective complementary and alternative therapy can effectively relieve inflammatory and neurogenic pain, and a proper animal model is a key link to ensure the quality of research in acupuncture analgesia. This article makes some suggestions for improving model making methods, unifying model assessing criteria, and selecting and locating acupoints by analyzing present commonly used animal models of acupuncture analgesia and the present situation of their application and identifying some problems about model making methods, evaluation indices, acupoint selection and clinical transformation existing in animal models of acupuncture analgesia in order to promote the development of basic research in acupuncture.

According to the relevant requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and relevant reports, this article briefly introduces the basic principles, research ideas, and precautions for the revision of the “characteristics” standards of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces. In recent years, enterprises and social media reported that the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials in the market did not fully comply with the characteristics specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Therefore, this article explored the variation in the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces and its main reasons, scientific and reasonable revision of the “characteristics” of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces, the new methods for identifying properties, as well as the issues that need to be noted in revising the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces, which provided reference for the revision of the “characteristics” standards of Chinese medicinal materials and decoction pieces.

Objective To study the survival outcome and the survival-related factors in patients who received liver resection for multiple (≥4) liver metastases of colorectal cancer.Method The results for patients who received partial hepatectomy for four or more colorectal hepatic metastases carried out in the 1 st Department of HPB Surgery,Peking University Cancer Hospital were studied retrospectively.Results Between 2002 and 2013,of 239 patients,60 patients with four or more colorectal hepatic metastases received partial hepatectomy.The median overall survival was 35.2 months and the 5-year survival was 28.2％ (17/60).There were two actuarial 5-year survivors.The median disease-free survival was 6.9 months,with 1 actuarial disease-free survivor at 5 years.There were no perioperative deaths,and the perioperative morbidity was 36.7％ (22/60).Major (hemi-liver or more) liver resection and 7 or more metastases were independently associated with poor survival outcome.Perineural Invasion (T4) of the primary tumor,size of the largest metastasis (≥4 cm),neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and resection of recurrent disease were also associated with survival outcome.Conclusions Long-term survival could be achieved after resection of multiple colorectal liver metastases.Minor resection for multiple colorectal metastases was superior in survival compared with major resection.Additional survival advantage could be achieved by resection of recurrent disease.

Objective Bisegmentectomy Ⅶ-Ⅷ can be an alternative option for the tumor localized in segments Ⅶ and Ⅷ and infiltrating the main trunk of RHV instead of a right hemihepatectomy.This study was to evaluate the safety and practicability of the removal of segments Ⅶ and Ⅷ of the liver with the resection of the main trunk of RHV without vascular reconstruction.Method 13 consecutive patients underwent bisegmentectomy Ⅶ-Ⅷ with the resection of the RHV between Nov.2006 and Dec.2012 at Beijing Cancer Hospital 1st Department.of HPB Surgery.Results Bisegmentectomy Ⅶ-Ⅷ with the resection of the RHV was performed in all 13 patients successfully without the distal vein reconstruction.The duration of the operations was 90-215 min.Mean blood loss was estimated to be 200 ml (100-700 ml).Indications for a bisegmentectomy Ⅶ-Ⅷ included hepatocellular carcinoma in 6 cases,intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in one,liver metastasis in 4 and hepatic hemangioma in 2 as confirmed pathologically.All patients recovered without severe complications.The atrophy of segment Ⅵ due to the venous drainage obstacle was observed in 3 patients without the dysfunction of liver postoperatively.Conclusions It is safe and practicable to perform Ⅶ and Ⅷ bisegmentectomy with resection of the right hepatic vein without vascular reconstruction for liver tumors.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of asiaticoside in preventing restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods The rabbits' model of iliac arterial balloon injury was established and treated with asiaticoside for 4 weeks.The level of serum endothelin(ET),nitric oxide(NO) and C-reactive protein(CRP) was measured respectively and the pathological characteristics of iliac artery of rabbits were observed under light microscope.Results The serum ET and CRP obviously increased and the serum NO significantly decreased after the rabbits' iliac artery was peeled off by balloon injury(Compared~()with the control group,P