Objective To investigate the improving effect of betahistine hydrochloride (BH) on the cochlear blood supply in guinea pig and the potential use in cochlear ischemia. Methods The guinea pig model of ischemic inner ear was established by ferromagnetic embolization of the target microvessels of the cochlea. A total of 10 model guinea pigs were divided into BH group and control group ( n =5 in each group). Guinea pigs in BH group were treated with 0.1% BH through gastric canal, and those in the control group with the identical volume of saline. At 24 h after treatment, the cochlear blood flow (CBF), auditory brainstem responses (ABR), ferromagnetic emboli in the microvessels of cochlear lateral wall, and the hair cell succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity were detected. Results CBF in 10 ears in the control group was (50?7)%, and the elevated ABR threshold was found in 7 ears (70%). Ferromagnetic emboli confirmed by carbonyl iron spheres were extensively distributed in the microvessels in the cochlear lateral wall. Spot like lesion of the outer hair cells was found in SDH stained basic membrane. However, in BH group, CBF was (81?11)%. Elevated threshold of ABR was found in only 3 ears, and the ferromagnetic emboli in the microvessles in the cochlear lateral wall were less than those in the control group. Scattered lesions of the outer hair cells were found in SDH stained basic membrane. There was significant difference in the number of deleted hair cells between the BH group and the control group. Conclusion The preliminary results indicated that BH may increase CBF and attenuate the cochlear lesion due to ischemia, resulting in partial protection of hearing.

To evaluate the incidence of sub-clinical neck metastasis and its surgical treatment in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) without clear evidences for lymph nodes metastasis, a total of 205 patients with OSCC in N0 and N1 stage(UICC 1987′s classification) were included in the study.Their clinical and histopathological files were retrospectively studied and patients were followed up after operation. Histopathological positive lymph nodes were found in 10.8%(13/120) of patients,and postoperative lymph nodes metastasis occurred in 16.5%(14/85) of patients without neck dissections.There were no significant differences between N0 and N1 groups.Neck recurrence occurred in 11.9%(5/42) of patients after functional neck dissections.The rate was higher in patients with bucal lesions.Patients undergoing radical neck dissections also had neck recurrence with an incidence of 6.4%.But most of them occurred on contralateral side. It suggested that subclinical metastasis of OSCC with clinically negative neck lymph nodes could not be neglected.Functional neck dissection should include the lymph nodes of level Ⅲ,especially for cancers located on bucca mucosa and tongue.Bilateral neck dissection is necessary for large primary lesions spreading to the contralateral side.

CARMA1, BCL10 and MALT1 are lymphocyte-specific signaling molecules of NF-?B pathway.The abnormalities of those molecules such as gene mutation, rearrangement, translocation or amplification often connect with the lymphoma genesis. This article reviewed the physiological function of those molecules and the relationship between genetic abnormalities and lymphoma genesis, also with present target-treatment research and new gene medicine development.

To evaluate the incidence of sub clinical neck metastasis and its surgical treatment in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) without clear evidences for lymph nodes metastasis, a total of 205 patients with OSCC in N0 and N1 stage(UICC 1987′s classification) were included in the study.Their clinical and histopathological files were retrospectively studied and patients were followed up after operation. Histopathological positive lymph nodes were found in 10 8%(13/120) of patients,and postoperative lymph nodes metastasis occurred in 16 5%(14/85) of patients without neck dissections.There were no significant differences between N0 and N1 groups.Neck recurrence occurred in 11 9%(5/42) of patients after functional neck dissections.The rate was higher in patients with bucal lesions.Patients undergoing radical neck dissections also had neck recurrence with an incidence of 6 4%.But most of them occurred on contralateral side. It suggested that subclinical metastasis of OSCC with clinically negative neck lymph nodes could not be neglected.Functional neck dissection should include the lymph nodes of level Ⅲ,especially for cancers located on bucca mucosa and tongue.Bilateral neck dissection is necessary for large primary lesions spreading to the contralateral side.

Objective:To investigate the expression and biological significance of MicroRNA-204 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: qRT-PCR was applied to detect the relative expression of miR-204 in 43 paired nasopharyngeal carcinoma in comparison to the normal nasal mucosa tissues. Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between the miR-204 expression and clinical features. The expressions of Bcl-2 and SIRT1 were measured by immunohistochemistry ( IHC ) , Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between miR-204 and Bcl-2,as well as SIRT1. We then transfected the miR-204 mimics into CNE-2 cells,then the Western blot was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 and SIRT1,which were considered as the potential targets of miR-204. Results:The relative expressions of miR-204 was significantly downregulated in NPC tissues compared to those of the matched normal tumor-adjacent tissues(P<0. 05). Low expression of miR-204 was significantly associated with lymphatic metastasis(P<0. 05) and advanced TNM stage(Ⅲ+Ⅳ,P<0. 05). The expressions of Bcl-2 and Sirt1 in lower miR-204 level group were both higher than in higher miR-204 level group ( P<0. 05 ) . Both the mRNA and protin expression in CNE-2 cells were down-regulated after transfection. Conclusion: Low expression of miR-204 is related to the malignant clinicopathological features in NPC tissues,and miR-204 may through down-regulate Bcl-2 and SIRT1 to suppress NPC genesis and development.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy and safety of Bryan-Morrey approach combined with anatomic locking plate fixation for the treatment of type C fractures of distal humerus.Methods Performed a prospective study from from Mar.2011 to Aug.2014.Thirty-three cases of distal humerus fracture were included in our study,and the mean age was (37.3 ±4.1) years old.The fracture type of distal humerus was 13-C according to Mayo classification.All the fractures treated with a Bryan-Morrey approach and anatomic locking plates.In the follow-up,Mayo scores of elbow,measurement of range of motion,elbow flexion and extension muscle strength were recorded and analysed.Results In this study,there were no serious complications,such as nonunion,rupture of triceps tendon and the infection,except partial sensory function injury of ulnar nerve in 5 cases.At the last time of the follow-up,elbow flexion muscle strength and extension muscle strength did not significantly decreased significantly compared with strength of the normal side.The mean flexion of the injured side was (134.5 ± 10.1) degrees,and the mean extension was (-1 1.5 ± 8.1) degrees.According to Mayo elbow performance score,the average scores of elbow was (86.2 ± 7.8),84％ of the patients got excellent or very excellent function results.Conclusion The Bryan-Morrey approach combined with anatomic locking plate fixation is a good choice for the treatment of distal humerus fractures of AO C type.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the research and development of current hospital pharmaceutical preparation.METHODS: The development strategy and research & development thinking were put forward on the basis of current state laws and regulations as well as the newest trend in pharmaceutical researching field.RESULTS: Firstly,the development strategy should be planned elaborately such as building moderate-scale manufacturing laboratory,introducing advanced instrument and equipment,cultivating high quality talented group,establishing highly efficient running mechanism,formulating valid incentive policy and implementing scientific standardized management.Furthermore,research and development thinking should be scientific and feasible to adopt new pharmaceutical technology to research new pharmaceutical dosage form and develop new compound preparation,distinctive preparation and Chinese traditional medicine preparation based on the clinic requirement.CONCLUSIONS: Hospital pharmaceutical preparation can go out of the predicament and realize sustainable development so long as formulating active correct development strategy and stick to scientific feasible research thinking.

Object To develop a new method of discriminating the principle components of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) from different areas, and to find the reason for forming high-quality of RPR in the place of the genuine. Methods Using Foruier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectrometry, the characteristic peaks of fingerprint infrared spectra of RPR samples from 18 habitats were recognized and compared. Results Frequency, intensity and shape of infrared absorption spectra were obviously different between wild and cultivated groups of RPR. The infrared absorption peaks of RPR in Duolun, a famous Chinese orthodox drug, were of distinct characteristics. Conclusion FTIR technique is first applied to rapid analysis of principle component of RPR from different areas. So an operable method in the quality control and discrimination of RPR in the place of the genuine is provided.

Objective To make up the common X-ray examination methods of the shoulder joint and afford more medical inmormation for the radiologist and clinican. Methods More projection posture and angle were used to obtain more information of the shoulder joint. Results Y posture and outlet posture could afford more anatomy information than the traditional posture. It solved the problem of the overlap of different tissues in traditional X-ray examination. Conclusion Combinating the Y posture, outlet posture and A-P position projection is very important for X-ray examination of disease and injury of the shoulder joint.

Objective To examine the concurrent validity of Peabody'S developmental motor scale number 2(PDMS-2)and Gesell's developmental scales with 1 2 to 30 month-old children with cerebral palsy (CP)and to assess the value of PDMS-2 in measuring motor function in children with CP.Methods Eighty-four children with CP aged 12 to 30 months were assessed with both PDMS-2 and Gesell's developmental scales.The correlation between PDMS-2 gross motor quotients and Gesell gross motor developmental quotients,and be-tween PDMS-2 fine motor quotients and Gesell fine motor developmental quotients were compared using Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Results The correlation coefficient between PDMS-2 gross motor quo-tient and the Gesell gross motor developmental quotient was 0.89.Between PDMS-2 fine motor quotient and Gesell's fine motor developmental quotient it was 0.87.The concurrent validities were 0.28 and 0.42 respec-tively. Conclusion PDMS-2 gross motor quotient and Gesell's gross motor developmental quotient are highly correlated,as are PDM S-2 fine motor quotient and Gesell's fine motor developmental quotient.The concurrent validities were between classifications using the PDMS-2 gross motor quotient and Gesell's gross motor develop- mental quotient were weakly correlated,but there was moderate correlation between PDM S-2 fine motor quotientsand Gesell fine gross developmental quotients.There may be limitations in assessing motor function children aged12 to 30 months with cerebral palsy using PDMS-2.