Objective To examine the concurrent validity of Peabody'S developmental motor scale number 2(PDMS-2)and Gesell's developmental scales with 1 2 to 30 month-old children with cerebral palsy (CP)and to assess the value of PDMS-2 in measuring motor function in children with CP.Methods Eighty-four children with CP aged 12 to 30 months were assessed with both PDMS-2 and Gesell's developmental scales.The correlation between PDMS-2 gross motor quotients and Gesell gross motor developmental quotients,and be-tween PDMS-2 fine motor quotients and Gesell fine motor developmental quotients were compared using Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Results The correlation coefficient between PDMS-2 gross motor quo-tient and the Gesell gross motor developmental quotient was 0.89.Between PDMS-2 fine motor quotient and Gesell's fine motor developmental quotient it was 0.87.The concurrent validities were 0.28 and 0.42 respec-tively. Conclusion PDMS-2 gross motor quotient and Gesell's gross motor developmental quotient are highly correlated,as are PDM S-2 fine motor quotient and Gesell's fine motor developmental quotient.The concurrent validities were between classifications using the PDMS-2 gross motor quotient and Gesell's gross motor develop- mental quotient were weakly correlated,but there was moderate correlation between PDM S-2 fine motor quotientsand Gesell fine gross developmental quotients.There may be limitations in assessing motor function children aged12 to 30 months with cerebral palsy using PDMS-2.

Objective Oral and Maxillofacial trauma Diagnosis and Treatment Expert system (OMDTES)was used in maxillofacial trauma PBL teaching to improve the quality of PBL teaching,and perfeet the assessment criteria, Methods OMDTES was applied in two procedures of maxillofacial injury PBL teaching activity:the preparation of lesson plan and assessment criteria.Then a questionnaire was designed to assess the effect of this new mode of PBL teaching.Results The new teaching model is welcomed by students and can improve students'interest in learning,the satisfaction of teaching and ameliorate method of assessment of PBL teaching.Conclusion Applying OMDTES in oral and maxinofacial injury PBL teaching has special advantages in raising the leavnevs'activity of learning,training their ability of chnical thinking and analysis.And it is worthy of further research and amelioration.

Objective To summarize the clinical features and vascular lesions in patients who suffered from cerebellar infarction with vertebral artery hypoplasia(VAH). Methods Retrospective analysis was used in the research. The selected patients suffered from cerebellar infarction with VAH or stenosis (stenosis rate≥50%). Seventy-one patients with cerebellar infarction were enrolled. There were 34 patients in VAH group and 37 patients in vertebral artery stenosis group. The age, sex, risk factors, clinical manifestations and characteristics of vascular examination were compared. Results The age, sex, risk factors between two groups had no significant differences (P>0.05). The scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) between two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). The proportion of early neurological deterioration in VAH group (41.2%, 14/34) was higher than that in vertebral artery stenosis group (18.9%, 7/37), χ2=4.21, P<0.05. There were more patients with anterior circulation artery stenosis in the VAH group (35.3%, 12/34), compared with that in artery stenosis group (13.5%, 5/37),χ2=4.62, P<0.05. Except the ipsilateral vertebral artery, other arteries stenosis in VAH group (44.1%, 15/34) was significantly higher than that in vertebral artery stenosis group (13.5%, 5/37),χ2=8.20, P<0.05. Conclusions Cerebellar infarction with vertebral artery hypoplasia is more likely to have multiple cerebral arterial stenosis (stenosis rate ≥50%). The patients who suffered from cerebellar infarction with vertebral artery hypoplasia might be prone to early neurological deterioration.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of early intervention on intellectual development in children with brain injury syndrome. Methods107 children with brain injury syndrome were divided into intervention group （n=73） and observation group （n=34）. The intervention group accepted early interventions for mental retardation introduced in child early education manual. Observation group accepted family training. They were followed up once per 1 or 2 months, and assessed with Gesell Developmental Schedules 6 months later. ResultsThere were more children whose adaptability DQ within the normal range (maintained or restored) in the intervention group than in the observation group. ConclusionEarly intervention may decrease the intellectual retardation for children with brain injury syndrome.

The therapeutic effectiveness of nutritional support in the treatment of severe chronic hepatitis and posthepatitic cirrhosis was evaluated. 143 patients with severe chronic hepatitis and 83 with posthepatitic cirrhosis were evaluated with SGA for assessing the nutritional status before the treatment. Patients with severe chronic hepatitis were divided into three groups: group A subject to enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN), group B subject to comprehensive treatment (CT)+PN; group C subject to CT+EN. The patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis were divided into two groups: group D receiving CT and group E receiving CT+PN+EN. The function of liver and kidney and nutritional status were monitored to assess the therapy in 6 weeks. The results showed before treatment, over 90 % patients had moderate to severe malnutrition. After nutritional support, the liver function (ALT, T-bil) and nutritional status (TP, TC) in group A was improved significantly as compared with that in groups B and C (P<0.05). Compared with group D, the values of TP and Alb were increased significantly in group E (P<0.05), but the levels of ALT, AST and T-bil had no obvious change. It was suggested that most patients with severe chronic hepatitis or posthepatitic cirrhosis had malnutrition to varying degrees. The nutritional support treatment could obviously improve the nutritional status of these patients, and was helpful to ameliorate the liver function of the patients with severe chronic hepatitis. Among the methods of nutritional support treatment, PN combined with EN had the best effectiveness.

Objective To explore the mutation of androgen receptor(AR)gene in a patient with 46,XY disorder of sex development(DSD)and to improve the diagnostic level and understanding of androgen insensitivity syndrome(AIS).Methods The clinical data of the child was analyzed,including physical examination,relevant laboratory examination,karyotype,pelvic B ultrasound,pelvic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and AR gene mutation.The peripheral blood of the child and his parents were drawn,and peripheral blood DNA was extracted.The polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-DNA sequencing method was used to amplify all exons of the AR gene in the child and his parents.Then,they were directly sequenced.Results A 7-years and 2-months old child who suffered from DSD,revealed physical examination that the child had normal female external genitalia,as the clitoris length was 2.0 cm×0.8 cm,with visible vaginal opening,and there were masses at bilateral inguinal region,with a size of 1.5 cm×0.8 cm.The results of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)stimulation test:testosterone was 0 nmol/L,androstenedione was 1.78 nmol/L,dihydrotestosterone was 0.07 nmol/L before HCG was injected;but testosterone was 4.69 nmol/L,androstenedione was 2.10 nmol/L,dihydrotestosterone was 0.33 nmol/L after HCG was injection.Sex chromosome analysis reported 46,XY karyotype.Pelvic B ultrasound revealed the absence of a uterus and ovaries and the presence of bilateral testes like gonad at each side of internal inguinal ring,with a size of 1.4 cm×1.0 cm×0.8 cm in the left,1.5 cm×0.7 cm×0.8 cm in the right;but the kidney,ureter,urinary bladder,adrenal gland and retroperitoneal for B ultrasound revealed no abnormality.Pelvic MRI(non-enhanced and enhanced)showed the presence of a blind ending vagina between rectum and urinary bladder(40 mm in depth)and the absence of uterus and ovarian tissue.DNA sequencing found one c.1685T>C heterozygous mutation(p.Ile562Thr)on exon 2 of AR gene in the child.But retrieving and summarzing documents of the domestic and foreign information databases and websites,the locus mutation of AR gene had never been reported.The structure prediction of the mutated protein(Polyohen2 and SIFT software)was significantly changed.By verifying the locus site of the parents of this child,it was found that his mother carried the same mutation,but his father was found to be normal.Conclusions A c.1685 T>C mutation(p.Ile562Thr)on exon 2 of AR gene is a novel mutation.Combined with the patient's clinical manifestations and computer prediction results,it may suggest that the novel mutation of AR gene can lead to the occurrence of AIS.

Objective To explore the effect of inhaled iloprost (Ventavis) for patients with congenital heart disease associated with pulmonary hypertension.Methods Twenty-two patients with congenital heart disease associated with pulmonary hypertension were selected to inhale Ventsvis by atomizer before surgery ,the required dosage is 25-30ng/(kg.min),aerosolization of iloprest was inhaled by PARI Junior BOY N after diluted with 2ml physiological saline at 3-hour intervals .The change of hemodynamic effects was measured by Doppler ultrasonography after 60min,120min,and 180min.Results The left and fight vemfieular cardiac output at 60min,120min and 180rain after therapy were markedly higher than that before inhaled iloprost ,respirator therapy time was shorter in patients inhaled iloprost.Conclusion inhaled iloprost can increase cardiac output and improve patients cardiac function.Thus,the therapy with inhaled iloprost is effective and feasible.

Objective To compare the effects of 2 vascular carriers, arteriovenous loop and arteri-ovenous bundle, on inducing angiogenesis in coral scaffold of vascularized tissue-engineered bone in animal models.Methods Thirty-six adult male New Zealand rabbits were randomized into 2 even groups.In group A, an arteriovenous loop (AVL) was formed by microsurgical anastomosis at the proximal ends between the femoral poptiteal artery and vein, and placed in the circular side groove of the coral block (6 mm × 8 mm × 10 mm) .In group B, flow-through vessels bundles of both femoral artery and vein were placed in the side grooves of the coral block.All the implants in 2 groups were wrapped by a micro-porous expand-ed-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane, and fixed subcutaneously by suturing.Evaluation methods included gross morphological observations, histological examinations, India ink perfusion and vascular casting after 2, 4, 6 weeks.The density of blood vessels was analyzed by the statistical software SPSS 10.0.Results All the corals were encased by newly formed fibrovascular tissues in 2 groups.Ink-stained vessels distributed the surfaces and side grooves, and invaded the interspaces of corals.The degree of vascularization increased over the course of experiment.Blood vessel density demonstrated a significant continuous increase between 2 and 6 weeks after implantation in group A.The mean value of blood vessel density in group A (2 weeks 276.60±4.67, 4 weeks 517.20±10.66, 6 weeks 707.00 ±11.87) was significantly higher than in group B (2 weeks 153.60 ±7.16, 4 weeks 269.40±6.80, 6 weeks 279.20±6.53) (P <0.01).Vascular casting showed that in group A, significant blood vessels sprouted from all areas of the loop, espe-cially at the entrance of the arteriovenous pediele where the small tubes were densely interconnected.In group B, however, no blood vessels sprouted from the arteriovenous bundles and only some small vessels grew from the entrance and exit.Conclusions A vascularized coral model can be constructed by inserting an ar-teriovenous loop or an arteriovenous bundle, useful in vascular bone tissue engineering.The former, however, have stronger abilities to induce angiogenesis than the latter.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use in respiratory department. METHODS:ADR/ADE report-ed by respiratory department of a class three grade A hospital during Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2015 from national ADR monitoring system were collected. 2011-2015 ADR/ADE database of respiratory department in a hospital was established and analyzed statistically. RE-SULTS:202 records were gotten,among which 89 cases were male(44.06%)and 113 cases were female(55.94%);the patients’ age approximated normal distribution,the incidence of ADR/ADE was the highest in 61-80 age group (55.94%);the occurrence time of ADR/ADE was mostly lower than 1 h (47.21%);the main route of administration was intravenous drip (71.29%);22 kinds of drugs were involved,and antibiotics took up the lead(43.11%);84 patients(41.58%)used 2 and more kinds of drugs before the occarrence of ADR/ADE;organs/systems involved in ADR/ADE were skin and its appendants (32.86%) and digestive system(26.19%). Most of the ADR/ADE could be cured or recovered after related treatment. CONCLUSIONS:The occurrence of ADR/ADE in respiratory department is related to various factors,of which advanced age,intravenous administration and antibiotics use are important ones. Great importance should be attached to rational clinical drug use as well as ADR/ADE monitoring and re-porting. Clinical also should pay attention to the safety of drug use in elderly patients.