Objective To investigate the surgical correction of alar deformity and repairing function of unilateral cleft lip in infant. Methods Millards procedure was used to incise skin, muscle and mucosa, correct the nasal deformity through lip. At the normal side, ophthalmic scissors was applied to incise lips muscle and skin, and reach the deep level of the base of nasal pillor, cut the abnormal attachment between the orbicular muscle of mouth and anterior nasal spina, and sharp dissect cartilage and skin in nasal wing through deep level of nasal pillor. At the cleft side, the abnormal muscle branch was cut that attached at the down side of the base of nose and pyriform aperture, the tissue between nasal base and lip, maxilla relaxed, and the cartilage and skin in the nasal wing at the same side dissected. The deform cartilage was repairied as the same of normal side. After the rehabilitation of cartilage of nasal wing, the soft tissue at deep level was moved to normal location, but the deep level structure of nasal wing cartilage, nasal septum cartilage and nasal bone did not dissected. After the dissection of orbicular muscle of mouth, the muscle in nose and lip must be relaxed in illous side. The orbicular muscle of mouth was sewed under the condition of tensionless. The repairing of orbicular muscle of mouth will improve the balance of muscular strength around the nose. Thus, the deviation of nasal pillor was corrected and the base of nose repaired. Results Eighty cases of infant with unilateral cleft lip at the age of 3 months ～12 months, in which 11 cases were Ⅰ?,16 Ⅱ, and 3 Ⅲ?. Eighty cases were low grade alar deformity, and 13 middle grade deformity. After operation, 52 cases were better, 17 cases were good, and 11 cases were worse. The postoperational result was good. Conclusion While performing the cleft lip operation or Millard operation, the authors can correct the nasal deformity through lip. So, it is recommended that cleft lip and the alar deformity can be repaired at the same time.

Objective To analyze the etiology,diagnosis and therapy of benign biliary strictures and im-prove curative and preventive effects. Methods 212 patients suffering from benign biliary strictures in Nankai Hos-pital from January 2004 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Inflammatory strictures (65.12%,140/215) and strictures caused by operations (20.46%,44/215) were the most two causes. Strictures parts were mainly located in the latter segment of common bile duct 52.09% (112/215). In our group,the stent of strictures parts took 31.37% (64/204), bilioendodraignage 18.13% (37/204), and the modification of strictures parts 43.63% (89/204) as well as resection of stricture parts 1.96% (4/204). Conclusions Inflammatory stricture is the main cause in benign biliary strictures and the main locus is the hinder segment of common bile duct. The di-agnesis of benign biliary strictures before operation is important because it can help to decide the approach way and prognosis. The strategies of curing benign biliary strictures could include operations and endoscopy. The stent of stric-tures parts, bilioendodraignage and the modification of strictures parts are the main treaments for benign biliary stric-tures.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of autogenous bone grafts in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients following early orthodontic tooth movement,and to determine the volume of new bone formation in the bone grafted region with spiral computed tomography.Methods Computed tomography scans of 12 patients were taken immediately preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.The patients underwent bone grafting between 9 and 13 years of age were divided into two groups based on whether postoperative orthodontic tooth movement were initiated or not.Three-dimensional models were created in each period,and the defect of alveolar cleft and volume of the newly formed bone were calculated in each patient.The roots of the moved teeth and their positions to the alveolar bone were also observed.Results The preoperative cleft width and cleft volume were not significantly different between both groups.The volume of the newly formed bone in group A was (0.98±0.23) mm3,significantly higher than that in group B,which was (0.73± 0.15) mm3.The rate of newly formed bone in group A was (72.5 ± 11.9)％,significantly higher than that in group B,which was (53.2±9.7)％.The cleft adjacent teeth could move smoothly into the bone grated area,with no root resorption observed in the computed tomography scans.Conclusions Early orthodontic tooth movement can reduce bone resorption in autogenous bone grafted unilateral cleft lip and palate patients through the observation of spiral computed tomography.It plays an active role in the bone remolding process after bone grafting.

Seventy male mice (Kunming strain) were randomly divided into 7 groups(10 mice per group), each mouse was orally inoculated with 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 or 3 muscle stage larvae of Trichinella spiralis, respectively. All infected mice were sacrificed 6 weeks post-inoculation, number of larvae per gram (LPG) of diaphragm were counted by compression method (trichinelloscopy), the carcass was digested by artificial digestion method and LPG was counted. The larval detection rate by trichinelloscopy and digestion method was 100%(10/10) in all mice infected with 30, 25, 20, 15 or 10 larvae, but 70% (7/10) and 100% in mice infected with 5 larvae, respectively. No larva was found by either method in mice infected with 3 larvae. There is a positive correlation between the larval burden (of diaphragm and muscle) and the infecting dose ( r=0.759, P

Objective To identify and classify six isolates of swine-originated Trichinella from China. Methods Five specific pairs of primers were synthesized based on DNA sequence of expansion segment V region and internal tran-scribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of ribosomal DNA repeat from Trichinella. International reference strains of five Trich-inella species [Trichinella spiralis (T1), T. nativa (T2), T. britovi (T3), T. pseudospiralis (T4) and T. nelsoni(T7)] were used as control. Six swine Trichienlla isolates from Henan, Yunnan, Harbin, Tongjiang of Heilongjiang, Hubei and Tianjin were identified by multiplex PCR and its effecting factors of PCR amplification were observed. Results Electrophoresis results of multiplex PCR products of Trichinella larvae showed that the band (173 bp) of the six isolates was the same as T. spiralis(T1). The specific band (173 bp) was detected by multiplex PCR through amplification from issues of single T. spiralis larva, the larvae conserved in 80% ethanol for 6 months, the larvae stored in 10% formaldehyde, in 0.05% formaldehyde, 0.2% sodium azide or 0.05% merthiotate for 2 weeks,or fresh mouse muscle with larvae. Conclusion All the six swine Trichinella isolates are identified as T. spiralis (T1) by multiplex PCR.

OBJECTIVE: To review endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system, and to explore the application value of Fusion image guided system in endonasal endoscopic surgeries. METHOD: Retrospective research. Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system were analysed including chronic rhinosinusitis with polyp (n = 10), fungus sinusitis (n = 5), endoscopic optic nerve decompression (n = 16), inverted papilloma of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), ossifying fibroma of sphenoid bone (n = 1), malignance of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 5), hemangioma of orbital apex (n = 2) and orbital reconstruction (n = 3). RESULT: Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries completed successfully without any complications. Fusion image guided system can help to identify the ostium of paranasal sinus, lamina papyracea and skull base. Fused CT-CTA images, or fused MR-MRA images can help to localize the optic nerve or internal carotid arteiy . Fused CT-MR images can help to detect the range of the tumor. It spent (7.13 ± 1.358) minutes for image guided system to do preoperative preparation and the surgical navigation accuracy reached less than 1mm after proficient. There was no device localization problem because of block or head set loosed. CONCLUSION Fusion image guided system make endonasal endoscopic surgery to be a true microinvasive and exact surgery. It spends less preoperative preparation time, has high surgical navigation accuracy, improves the surgical safety and reduces the surgical complications.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; surgery ; Humans ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Nose ; pathology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Sphenoid Bone ; pathology ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

Objective To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in astrecytomas, as well as the correlation between them. Methods The expression of COX-2, EGFR and PCNA were respectively detected by immunohistochmical (S-P) method in 68 astrocytomas and 5 cases normal brain tissue. Proliferation index (PI) was calculated and the correlation of COX-2, EGFR and PI was analyzed. Results COX-2 and EGFR were negative expression in normal brain tissue. The positive expression rate of COX-2 and EGFR in high grade astrocytomas was significantly higher than that in low grade astrocytomas(73.53% vs 44. 18% ,67.65% vs 38.24%, P <0. 01 ), and the PI was significantly higher than that in low grade astrocytumas as well as normal brain tissue(46.11 ± 10. 68vs 23. 04±6. 25,4. 52±0. 95, P <0. 01 ). The PI in COX-2 positive group was higher than that in negative group( P <0. 01 ). The positive expression rate of COX-2 in the group with EGFR positive expression was higher than that in the negative group. Conclusions The expression of COX-2 and EGFR was related to pathological feature of astrocytomas. COX-2 may promote the proliferation of tumor cells. There was a static correlation between the expression of EGFR and COX-2 in astrocytomas. EGFR signal transduction probably modulated the expression of COX-2 in astrocytomas cells.

Objective To investigate effects of interleukin-35 (IL-35) on proliferation,invasion and migration of a HepG2 cell line in vitro.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine peripheral blood expression levels of IL-35 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients and in normal healthy subjects.The effects of exogenous IL-35 on cell proliferation activity of HepG2 in vitro were measured using CCK-8 assay.The transwell invasion and scratch test were used to study the invasive and migration abilities.Results The content of IL-35 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HCC) was significantly higher than in healthy individuals [(118.45 ±28.66) ng/L vs (39.56 ± 11.15) ng/L,P ＜0.05].Exogenous IL-35 significantly promoted proliferation,invasion and migration abilities of HepG2 cells in vitro (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The level of IL-35 was elevated significantly in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.IL-35 had biological characteristics of promoting HCC cell proliferation,invasion and migration.

Objective To study the causes of reoperation after biliary duct operation, in order to decreasing the rate of biliary tract reoperation. Methods The clinical data of 828 patients who underwent reoperation of biliary duct diseases in Nankai hospital between 1990-1999 were evalated, and the causes of biliary duct reoperation were classified and analysed.Results The most common cause for reoperation was recurrent or retained bile stone(65.10% ), bile stone companied by stenosis of the sphincter of oddi (33.82%), simple stenosis of sphincter of Oddi ( 9.54%), traumatic stricture of bile duct and stricture of bilioenteric anastomosis( 10.39%), bile duct obstruction due to tumor (6.52%), and other less important factors. Conclusions Recurrent or retained bile duct stone was the main cause for biliary reoperation,and stenosis of the sphincter of Oddi was the next important factor for reoperations.Thoroughness of the initial operation and rationality of operative procedure are the chief factors to decrease bile duct reoperations.

Objective To investigate the expressions of regulatory T cell (Treg) and interleukin-35 (IL-35) in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and to explore their clinical significance.Methods Flow-cytometry,PCR,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the levels of Treg and IL-35 in peripheral blood and cholangiocarcinoma tissues in 42 patients with cholangiocarcinoma.Healthy volunteers were used as a control group.Result The percentage of Treg cells to CD4 + T cells in patients with cholangiocarcinoma was (5.6 ± 1.7) ％,while that in the normal control group was (2.9 ± 0.8) ％.There was a significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The plasma levels of IL-35 in patients with cholangiocarcinoma was (198.4 ± 81.4) pg/ml,while that in the normal control group was (33.7 ± 18.0) pg/ml.Again,a significant difference was observed between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).In peripheral blood mononuclear cell,the IL-35 mRNA level was positively correlated with the plasma IL-35 level (p35,R =0.795,P ＜0.05;EBI3,R =0.812,P ＜ 0.05).Immunohistochemical studies showed that FOXP3 + tumor cells and Treg cells increased significantly in tumor tissues.Conclusion Overexpressions of Treg and IL-35 in peripheral blood and tumor tissues of patients with cholangiocarcinoma suggested that they may play important roles in the development of cholangiocarcinoma.