OBJECTIVETo observe dynamically the influence of 4 parts of forming of YQJM (Yiqi Qingwen Jiedu mixture) (referred to as 4 parts of forming) including the methods of relieving superficies with acrid-warm, relieving superficies with acrid-cold, clearing away heat and poison and replenishing Qi to serum inflammatory cytokines of the model mice infected with influenza virus. And to discuss the mechanism of 4 parts of forming of anti-influenza immune injury and restoration.

METHODMade the model with the mice infected by FM1 influenza infection, used ELISA method, observed dynamically the influence of four methods on the level of serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1, IFN-gamma and IL-10 inflammatory cytokines.

RESULTThe level of serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 and IFN-gamma of mice infected by FM1 significantly increased, while the level of serum IL-10 was lower than the control group on the first day of infection, but the levels were much higher than the control group in 3 to 7 days after infection. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-warm significantly decreased the levels of serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 on the 5th day after infection, and significantly increased the levels of serum IL-10 on the 3rd and 7th day after infection. The method could inhibit the immune injury to some extent. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold decreased the levels of serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 in 5 to 7 days after infection, increased the level of serum IL-1 on the 3rd day after infection, decreased the level of serum IL-1 on the 7th day after infection, significantly increased the levels of serum IL-10 in 1 to 3 days and on the 7th day after infection. The method could be against inflammatory injury. The method of clearing away heat and poison decreased the levels of serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 after infection in 3 to 5 days and on the 7th day, and significantly increased IL-10 each time after infection. It exhibited more strong inhibition of inflammatory injury and repair. The method of replenishing Qi significantly decreased the level of serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 in 3 to 7 days after infection, increased the level of serum IL-1 the first 3 days after infection, but decreased the level of serum IL-1 on the 7th day after infection. The method significantly increased the levels of serum IL-10 in 3 to 5 days and on the 7th day. It exhibited inhibition of inflammatory injury. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold significantly increased the levels of serum IFN-gamma in 3 days after infection, while the methods of clearing away heat and poison and replenishing Qi significantly increased the levels of serum IFN-gamma in 1 to 3 days and on the 7th day. They exhibited anti-virus and suppression of the immune injury.

CONCLUSIONChinese medicine could correct the imbalance of inflammatory cytokines and be against injury, promote injury restoration, and protect the body.

Animals ; Cytokines ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-1alpha ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lung ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Orthomyxoviridae ; pathogenicity ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of the 4 parts of forming of Yiqi Qingwen Jidu Heji(YQQWJDHJ) to lung inflammatory cytokines of the model rats infected with influenza virus dynamically, and to discuss the mechanism of 4 parts of forming to anti-influenza immune injury and restoration.

METHODAt the different stages of infection with the model rats infected by FM1 influenza, expression in lung of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1, IL-10 and IFN-gamma was detected after the intervention of 4 parts of forming using ELISA method.

RESULTThe expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 and IFN-gamma of model rats infected by FM1 were higher than the control group, the expression of IL-10 did not change. The expression of TNF-alpha was significantly reduced in 3 to 5 days after infection. By the method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold, clearing away heat and poison and replenishing Qi, the lung expression of IFN-gamma was significantly increased in the stage after infection. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-warm significantly reduced lung expression of IL-6 after infection in 1 to 3 days and on the 7th day, decreased the expression of IL-1 in 3 to 7 days, increased IFN-gamma expression on the 3rd day and the 7th day, and significantly increased the expression of IL-10 on the 1st day and in 5 to 7 days. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold reduced the expresssion of IL-6 after infection, and significantly increased the expression of IL-10. It could increase the expression of IL-1 after infection on the 3rd day, but reduced IL-1 expression after infection 7 days. The method of clearing away heat and poison reduced lung IL- 6 expression after infection in 3 to 7 days significantly, decreased the expression of IL-1 in 5 to 7 days, also increased the lung expression of IL-10 in 1 to 5 days significantly. The method of replenishing Qi significantly reduced the expression of IL-6 after infection on the 1st day and in 5 to 7 days, decreased the expression of IL-1 in 3 to 7 days, also significantly increased the lung IL-10 on the 5th day after infection.

CONCLUSIONThe method of clearing away heat and poison and replenishing Qi could be against the lung immune inflammatory damage and repair damage. The method of relieving superficies with acrid-warm demonstrated some immunity against lung injury on the 3rd day after infection and the method of relieving superficies with acrid-cold demonstrated some immunity against lung injury on the 5th days after infection.

Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; Influenzavirus A ; immunology ; physiology ; Lung ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Random Allocation ; Treatment Outcome

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is one of the common complications of sepsis syndrome, belonging to the "Chuan syndrome", "Baochuan", and "Chuantuo" in the TCM field, and the disease is mainly located in the lung. The main etiology and pathogenesis of sepsis syndrome is deficient healthy qi and blood stasis with toxin blocking collaterals. Blood stasis and toxin invade the lung, causing heat and toxin to burn the body fluid in the blood. Blood viscosity and poor circulation lead to the accumulation of blood stasis and toxin in the lung. Acute deficiency syndrome, heat toxin damaging qi, heat toxin burning body fluid deficiency with little ability to dissipate qi, resulting in deficiency of healthy qi, inability to regulate breathing, inability to consolidate body fluid, inability to promote blood circulation, causing phlegm, dampness, and blood stasis blocking the lung. This disease is characterized by blood stasis with toxin blocking collaterals, deficient lung qi, and obstruction of lung qi caused by phlegm, water, dampness, and blood stasis. Therefore, blood stasis with toxin blocking collaterals, as well as deficient healthy qi are TCM pathogenesis of ARDS with sepsis syndrome.

Objective To investigate the effect of 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) on phosphorylation of Tau protein (p-Tau) and mortor function of rats after spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods A total of 72 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated group (n=24),SCI group (n=24) and SCI+2ME2 treated group (n=24); models of SCI were created by modified Allen's method; one d after SCI,rats in the SCI+2ME2 treated group were given intraperitoneal injection of 2ME2 (24 mg/kg) for seven d,and rats in the SCI group were given the same volume of normal saline.Basso,Beatti,Bresnahan (BBB) scale was performed to evaluate the hindlimb function one,three,seven,14,21 and 28 d after SCI; the expression changes ofp-Tau (Ser 262) seven d after SCI were observed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.Results BBB scale scores in the SCI group and SCI+2ME2 group were significantly increased following the prolonging of injury times (1-28 d of injury,P＜0.05); on the 7th,14th,21st and 28th d of injury,the scores in the SCI+2ME2 group were significantly higher than those in the SCI group (P＜0.05).The p-Tau positive cells in the spinal cord and the p-Tau (Ser 262) expression in the SCI group and SCI+2ME2 group were significantly increased as compared with those in the sham-operated group (P＜0.05),and those in the SCI+2ME2 group (19.05± 1.34 and 0.283±0.094) were obviously lower as compared with those in the SCI group (10.36±1.28 and 0.607±0.105,P＜0.05).Conclusion 2ME2 offers protection in rats with SCI by reducing the level of tau phosphorylation.

Infectious bone defect is bone defect with infection or as a result of treatment of bone infection. It requires surgical intervention, and the treatment processes are complex and long, which include bone infection control,bone defect repair and even complex soft tissue reconstructions in some cases. Failure to achieve the goals in any step may lead to the failure of the overall treatment. Therefore, infectious bone defect has been a worldwide challenge in the field of orthopedics. Conventionally, sequestrectomy, bone grafting, bone transport, and systemic/local antibiotic treatment are standard therapies. Radical debridement remains one of the cornerstones for the management of bone infection. However, the scale of debridement and the timing and method of bone defect reconstruction remain controversial. With the clinical application of induced membrane technique, effective infection control and rapid bone reconstruction have been achieved in the management of infectious bone defect. The induced membrane technique has attracted more interests and attention, but the lack of understanding the basic principles of infection control and technical details may hamper the clinical outcomes of induced membrane technique and complications can possibly occur. Therefore, the Chinese Orthopedic Association organized domestic orthopedic experts to formulate An evidence-based clinical guideline for the treatment of infectious bone defect with induced membrane technique ( version 2023) according to the evidence-based method and put forward recommendations on infectious bone defect from the aspects of precise diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, operation procedure, postoperative management and rehabilitation, so as to provide useful references for the treatment of infectious bone defect with induced membrane technique.