Objective To establish a method for determining cinnamic aldehyde content in Xianggui Huazhuo capsules by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods The content of cinnamic aldehyde was determined by GC-MS. Separation was performed on a capillary column (30 m×0. 25 mm, 0. 25 μm) with HP-5 as the stationary phase. A programmed temperature was employed. The flow rate was 1 mL·min-1 with He as carrier gas, and split ratio was 50∶1. The injection volume was 1. 0 μL. Results The cinnamic aldehyde was well isolated from the other ingredients. A good linear relationships of cin-namic aldehyde in range of 0. 02-4. 00 mg·mL-1 was observed. The correlation coefficient was 0. 999 4. The average recovery of cinnamic aldehyde was 96. 2% , and RSD was less than 2. 11% . Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and suitable for determination of cinnamic aldehyde content.

Objective:To enable the low-seniority medical personnel having the ability of disposing of difficult airway properly by mastering the knowledge of basic airway management through Airway Management Simulation Training and using all kinds of airway treatment tools.Methods:The senior medical simulation training tutors were selected, and the Airway Management Simulation Training Project Team was formed to develop the training course. Through combination of video teaching and practice of simulated teaching forms, we taught 219 trainees the airway management training course. And the feasibility and effectiveness of the course were evaluated by KE's evaluation method.Results:The course of "oriental airway simulation training" was successfully developed, and the complete course package was delivered, including bilingual airway management trainee textbook, Airway Management Simulation Training tutor manual, standardized teaching video and so on. After this simulation training, students had a good grasp of airway management skills, and more than 90.86% of the students' skills assessment resulted in more than 80 points. The overall satisfaction of the students was more than 97%, and 99% participants said that the training helped them enhance their confidence in clinical treatment, and 98% participants said that the training should be promoted among medical staff.Conclusion:The course of "oriental airway simulation training" which is made up of the combination of airway technical training, correct clinical decision-making and reality simulation, has significantly improved the airway management skills, enhanced the self-confidence of low-seniority medical staffs and improved patients' safety.

DEFENCATH?(taurolidine/heparin)is the first hemodialysis central venous catheter lock solution approved by the FDA.Taurolidine has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterium and fungal species and anti-endotoxin and anti-exotoxin activities.Moreover,microbial resistance has not been observed,and the safety is good.Low-dose heparin is effective in anticoagulation and has a low risk of bleeding,and the two complement each other,clinical studies have reported that the catheter lock solution(CLS)effectively reduces the incidence of catheter-related blood stream infection(CRBSI),with good safety and significant clinical value.It will bring benefits to renal failure patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Objective To study the distribution and properly of the transparent globules within Hensen cells (HC) of guinea -pig Corti organ .Methods The cochlear epithelial cells were isolated from 10 guinea pigs .The cells of cochlea were marked by Bodipy493/503 ,sudan III ,oil red O ,and osmium tetroxide .Results The transpar‐ent globules within the HCs of the guinea -pigs were green staining by Bodipy493/503 ,jacinth staining by Sudan III ,ruby red by oil red O .And they were black globules stripe as post -fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide .Conclusion The results indicate that the transparent globules within guinea -pigs HCs'lipid droplets by four methods .

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with post traumatic cerebral infarction (PTCI) after craniotomy hematoma evacuation for severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) so as to provide clinical reference for the early prevention of postoperative PTCI.Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 558 sTBI patients who received craniotomy hematoma evacuation admitted to Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2006 to June 2016.There were 340 males and 218 females,aged 15-71 years,with an average of 47.8 years.Among them,75 patients were at the age of less than 30 years,315 were at 30-50 years,and 168 were above 50 years.According to the Glasgow coma score (GCS),there were 127 patients with 3-4 points,124 with 5-6 points,and 307 with 7-8 points.The patients were divided into PTCI group (51 patients)and non-PTCI group (507 patients).The related indicators of the two groups of patients after admission were collected,including gender,age,injury cause,GCS,skull base fracture,traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH),cerebral hernia,hypotension,the time from injury to craniotomy,and whether decompressive craniectomy was performed.Univariate analysis was first performed for these factors,followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results There were no significant differences in gender,age,injury cause,skull base fracture,and decompressive craniectomy between PTCI group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).In the PTCI group,there were 29 patients with GCS of 3-4 points,17 with 5-6 points,and five with 7-8 points;there were 48 patients with tSAH,37 patients with cerebral hernia,and 18 patients with hypotension.In terms of the time from injury to craniotomy,it took ＜ 3 hours in 30 patients,3-6 hours in 12,6-12 hours in five,and ＞ 12 hours in four.In the non-PTCI group,there were 98 patients with GCS of 3-4 points,107 with 5-6 points,and 302 with 7-8 points.There were 34 patients with tSAH,117 with cerebral hernia,and 35 with hypotension.In terms of the time from injury to craniotomy,it took ＜3 hours in 294 patients,3-6 hours in 130,6-12 hours in 68,and ＞ 12 hours in 15.The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that GCS of 3-6 points,tSAH,cerebral hernia,time from injury to craniotomy,and hypotension were significantly associated with PTCI after operation for sTBI (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions GCS of 3-6 points,tSAH,cerebral hernia,duration from injury to craniotomy,and hypotension time ＞ 3 hours are the high risk factors of PTCI in sTBI patients after craniotomy.For patients with these high risk factors,craniotomy should be performed in time,and the perioperative blood pressure and intracranial pressure stability should be maintained so as to relieve vasospasm.

Objective:To evaluate the impact of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine included in an expanded immunization program on the reported incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu province.Methods:Information on the reported incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu province from 1987 to 2019 was collected through the National Population Health Science Data Center and the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. In addition, the trend of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate in Gansu province before and after the inclusion of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine in the expanded immunization program was analyzed using an interrupted time-series design.Results:The annual reported incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu province from 1987 to 2019 was 0.448/per 100 000. However, after the inclusion of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine in the expanded immunization program in Gansu province in 2008, the amount of change in the level of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate was -2.223/per 100 000 ( t=-2.90, P=0.007), the amount of change in the slope of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate was 0.082 ( t=2.87, P=0.008) with the slope of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate as 0.071 ( β1+ β3=0.071). Conclusions:The Japanese encephalitis vaccine has achieved good prevention and control effects in Gansu province in the short term after its inclusion in the expanded immunization program, but outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis have still occurred. Therefore, in the future, Gansu province should promptly adjust the immunization strategy of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine, and strengthen the vaccination of the adult population, especially the rural adult population in the southeastern region of Gansu province, based on the continued focus on the works on Japanese encephalitis vaccination for children and adolescents.

Objective    To explore the key points and difficulties of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. Methods    The intraoperative frozen section and postoperative paraffin section results of pulmonary nodule patients in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022 were collected. The main causes of misdiagnosis in frozen section diagnosis were analyzed, and the main points of diagnosis and differential diagnosis were summarized. Results    According to the inclusion criteria, a total of 1 263 frozen section diagnosis results of 1 178 patients were included in the study, including 475 males and 703 females, with an average age of 58.7 (23-86) years. In 1 263 frozen section diagnosis results, the correct diagnosis rate was 95.65%, and the misdiagnosis rate was 4.35%. There were 55 misdiagnoses, including 18 (3.44%) invasive adenocarcinoma, 17 (5.82%) adenocarcinoma in situ, 7 (35.00%) mucinous adenocarcinoma, 4 (2.09%) minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, 3 (100.00%) IgG4 related diseases, 2 (66.67%) mucinous adenocarcinoma in situ, 1 (16.67%) atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, 1 (14.29%) sclerosing pulmonary cell tumor, 1 (33.33%) bronchiolar adenoma, and 1 (100.00%) papillary adenoma. Conclusion    Intraoperative frozen section diagnosis still has its limitations. Clinicians need to make a comprehensive judgment based on imaging examination and clinical experience.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a non-coated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on zika virus envelope (E) protein for detecting the expression of E protein in infected cells. METHODS: Adherent Vero-143 cells infected with zika virus in a 96-well plate were fixed, and the antibodies against zika virus E protein were added at an optimized concentration to establish the non-coated ELISA method for E protein. The antiviral activities of lignans compound C1 was evaluated using this method. The accuracy of this non-coated ELISA was verified by RT-PCR, and the cross reaction with dengue virus was assessed. RESULTS: After optimization, the background absorbance at 450 nm of uninfected cells was reduced to about 0.20. The antiviral activities of lignans compound C1 detected by this method were basically consistent with the results of RT-PCR. No cross reaction with dengue virus was found in this assay. CONCLUSIONS A non- coated ELISA method based on zika virus E protein was established, which can be used for screening antiviral agents against zika virus.
Antibodies, Viral ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection