Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become one of the most common liver diseases in the world.Considering the important role of insulin resistance in its pathogenic mechanisms,insulin sensitizers are becoming the promising pharmacological strategies for NAFLD.We collected and analyzed the relevant articles in recent years and found that pioglitazone,rosiglitazone and metformin could improve liver enzymes and insulin sensitivity of NAFLD.However,only pioglitazine was supported in ameliorating liver histology by envidences from randomized,double-blinded,controlled clinical trials.There were no much obvious adverse effects in NAFLD patients who received insulin senitizers.Small or medium samples and no more than 2 years of treatment course may be the major limitation of current studies.Future information derived from well-designed running trials will be useful in defining the clinical implications of insulin sensitizers in the treatment of NAFLD.

Rotavirus (RV) is one of the major pathogens responsible for acute viral gastro-enteritis in children. The infec-tion of RV is dependent upon the recognition of the host cell speciifc receptors and attachment. Thus, receptors are the important factors of infection. Recent studies have suggested that a genetic factor might play a role in the susceptibility of hosts to RV infec-tion. Histo-blood group antigens have recently been discovered as receptors binding to RV, which are important for the study of evolution. Thus it will be also crucial for the pathogenesis and epidemiology and prevention and treatment for RV. In this article, we will review the correlation of the RV infection and histo-blood group antigens and further discuss the development of optimal vaccine.

Objective To explore the feasibility and importance of active monitoring of vancomycin‐related nephrotoxicity .Meth‐ods During July 2010 to July 2013 ,a total of 139 cases of inpatients received vancomycin through intravenous injection were en‐rolled in this study .The adverse drug reaction active monitoring and early warning system were utilized to evaluate patients with vancomycin positive events .Results Among the 139 cases of patients ,there was 9 cases of patients with renal damage .The inci‐dences of compensatory stage of renal insufficiency ,decompensatory stage of renal insufficiency ,renal failure stage and end‐stage re‐nal failure were 44 .44% ,22 .22% ,22 .22% and 11 .11% respectively .The positive warning rates when serum creatinine level was above 133 μmol/L ,increased by 50% compared with the baseline ,increased with 44 μmol/L based on the baseline were 55 .56% , 22 .22% and 22 .22% respectively ,and those positive warning rates in artificial relevance evaluation were 19 .18% ,19 .18% and 56 .54% respectively .Conclusion It is necessary to individualize utilization of vancomycin according to patients′s condition .

Benzene ; poisoning ; China ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

Benzene ; poisoning ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Poisoning ; diagnosis

Objective To study the effect of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)on the occurrence of ischemic cerebral stroke in passive smoking female.Methods 100 passive smoking female patients with ischemic cerebral stroke(passive smoking group) according to the passive smoking index were divided into sub-groups index 900;25 cases in each group.The level of serum iNOS and the situation of carotid atherosclerosis were detected.The resules were compared with healthy female who without smoking and passive smoking(normal control group).Results Compared with the normal control group,the levels of serum iNOS,the intimal media thickness(IMT)s of carotid artery and the positive rates of carotid atherosclerosis plaque in each passive smoking index sub-group were significantly increased(all P

Objective To analyze the coverage of iodized salt and the focus population iodine nutrition after implementing new standard of iodized salt in Hainan Province.Methods Eighteen cities (counties,districts) were divided into eastern coastal,western coastal and inland areas according to coastline and terrain of Hainan Province in 2013.One township (town,street) was sampled from each city (county,district) in the east,the west,the south,the north and the center of these areas.Four villages (committees) and 15 households in each village (committee),and 40 children aged 8-10 in one primary school,20 pregnant women and lactating women were sampled from each township (town,street).Iodized salt samples collected from household were monitored by the method of direct titration;random urine samples of children aged 8-10,pregnant woman and lactating woman were tested by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Results Totally 6 310 edible salt samples were tested,and the median of salt iodine was 25.9 mg/kg.The coverage of iodized salt was 97.92％ (6 179/6 310).Residents consumption rate of qualified iodized salt reached 95.47％ (6 024/6 310),and the rate of non-iodized salt was 2.08％ (131/6 310).About 4 444 urine samples of children aged 8-10 were examined,and the median of urinary iodine was 165.4 μg/L,in which suitable urinary iodine (100-199 μg/L) accounted 49.3％ (2 194/4 444);about 1 286 urine samples of lactating woman were examined,the median of urinary iodine was 122.3 μg/L,≥ 100 μg/L was 60.6％ (779/1 286);about 813 urine samples of pregnant woman were examined,the median of urinary iodine was 126.6 μg/L,59.6％ (485/ 813) of this group were urinary iodine deficiency (＜ 150 μg/L).There were significant differences between the three groups in the east,the middle and the west areas of Hainan Province (children:176.7,147.7,158.0 μg/L,lactating women:148.7,108.7,106.7 μg/L,pregnant women:146.7,108.0,147.1 μg/L,H =34.70,26.76,35.95,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The results have showed that pregnant woman are iodine deficiency,they should be given more iodine.

Objective 　To evaluate the clinical measurement of cerebral perfusion by dynamic CT. Methods　 Thirteen normal adults were examined by dynamic CT for the measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Another dynamic CT scans with the measurement of CBF were performed separately to rule out cerebral ischemia in 5 cases and secondary Parkinson disease in 2. Results　 Normal cerebral cortical perfusion was measured at 59.3～96.8 ml*min-1*100g-1 with the　mean value 76.2 ml*min-1*100g-1. Normal white matter perfusion was measured at 27.1～43.1 ml*min-1*100g-1 with the mean value 33.9 ml*min-1*100g-1. In 5 cases of suspending cerebral ischemia, one showed increase of CBF and 4 presented decrease of CBF. In 2 cases of suspending secondary Parkinson disease, one appeared decrease of CBF and other one was normal. Conclusion　 Dynamic CT scan with the measurement of CBF can demonstrate the hemodynamic status of normal brain and pathological lesion. Combined with routine CT scan, measurement of cerebral perfusion by dynamic CT is an ideal method to show the morphological and functional changes of brain tissue simultaneously.

Objective To study the adsorbability of active carbon fiber(ACF) for gaseous benzene and to use ACF for the determination of benzene in the air in future.Methods The adsorbability of ACF was investigated and the results were compared with that of granular active carbon(GAC).Results The adsorption efficiency of ACF was 93%,the selective adsorbability was 94.28%,the saturation adsorption capacity of gaseous benzene was 25%,as for GAC,they were 88%,88.57% and 12% respectively.Conclusion ACF is better than GAC in the adsorption efficiency of benzene in the condition of low concentration and long time sampling.

Objective To study the part of Anti-thrombus and its property from Ground Beetle. Methods To dispart the Ground beetle into four segments which were shell, head, chest and abdomen, and adopt the method of frozen and melt to do the further test. Result Extracts of shell and chest were not active, extracts of head and abdomen were active. The activity of abdomen extracts was much better than that of the insect extracts. Its active component was glycoproteins. Conclusion The activity of abdomen extracts (Tf) is relatively high, and demonstrates wider value.