Objective: To study the roles of the oxidative stress system and the anti-oxidative stress system in neurodegenerative processes induced by aluminum overload in mice.Methods: The neurodegenerative model of mice was established via intragastric administration of AlCl3 solution(element aluminum 400 mg/kg)once a day,with 6 days of week for 3 months.The light-dark test and morris-water-maze were used to evaluate the learning and memory functions.The activities of SOD and SOD2 as well as the contents of MDA in both cortices and hippocampi were measured.Pathomorphological changes of hippocampi were observed.Results: Aluminum overload significantly decreased capacity of passive avoidance learning and memory and spatial recognition,caused the pyknosis and neuron loss of hippocampi,and parallelly increased SOD and SOD2 activities as well as MDA content in cortex and hippocampi,with a tendency of raising first and then gradually decreasing.Conclusions: Aluminum overload markedly causes neurodegeneration and damages learning and memory function in mice,the mechanism of which may be related to the imbalance between oxidative stress and anti-oxidative stress systems in brain induced by aluminum overload.

Objective To investigate the content of heavy metals in the seafood from sea areas of Guangdong province and assess the seafood safety. Methods The seafood samples were collected from seventeen representative sea areas and two seafood markets in Guangdong province from April to August 2007. The contents of Cu,Zn,Cr,Cd and Pb were measured by ICP-MS. Single factor contamination estimation in seafood was conducted and the sea food safety was assessed. Results The contents of five heavy metals in fish were below the standard limits for harmless fishery food,and the contents of heavy metals in shellfish were higher than those of fish. The contents of Cu and Zn in some oysters were higher than the evaluation standard of heavy metal pollution for the marine animals. The contents of Cd in chlamys farreri and oysters were higher than the standard limits of harmless fishery food. Except the higher content of Cr in babylonia areolata,the contents of Cr and Pb in shellfish were below the standard limits. Conclusion As for the levels of heavy metals,Cu,Zn,Cr,Cd and Pb,in the fish from the sea areas of Guangdong province is safe for health and but the levels of the five heavy metals exceeded the safety limits in varying degrees in some shellfish.

Objective To observe the role of mulberry flavone on the expression of insulin receptor substrate(IRS)in HepG2 cells with insulin resistance, and to explore the possible molecular mechanism that mulberry flavone improves insulin resistance. Methods HepG2 cells were cultured to establish insulin-resistance cell model in high concentration of insulin, and then incubated with mulberry flavone. Effect of mulberry flavone on the HepG2 cell model of glucose incorporation rate was observed. Western blot was used to observe the variety of IRS protein expression. Results Mulberry flavone increased the glucose incorporation rate of (33. 9 ± 1.0)higher than that of Conclusions Mulberry flavone can improve insulin resistance. Furthermore, IRS protein expression increasing is the possible molecular mechanism that mulberry flavone improves insulin resistance.

To improving the teaching quality of the pharmacology theory teaching,we adopt questionnaire to understand the students’ request of teaching method and teaching content,thus to elevate the teaching overall level by raising their ability to teach and study.

Aim To investigate the relationship be-tween the depression-like behaviors of rats induced by chronically unpredictable stress( CUS) and the protein expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha( TNF-α) , in-dole-2 , 3-dioxygenase ( IDO ) and 3-hydroxyl amino acid oxygenase( HAAO) . Methods Thirty male Spra-gue Dawley( SD) rats were randomly divided into con-trol group and model group. CUS plus solitary condi-tion were used to establish the depression model. The open field test ( OFT ) and the force swimming test ( FST ) were used to evaluate the depression-like behaviors of rats ;Western blot was used to determine the protein expressions of TNF-α, IDO and HAAO in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of rats. Results Model group rats showed obvious depression-like be-haviors with increasing immobile time in FST ( P <0. 01) and decreasing locomotive activity in OFT( P<0. 01 ) , and up-regulating the protein expression of TNF-α, IDO and HAAO in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus significantly ( P <0. 05 ) , compared with control group rats. Conclusion The depression-like behaviors of rats induced by CUS may be associated with the activation of IDO-HAAO pathway mediated by TNF-α.

Aim To study the role of histone acetyla-tion and its involvement in the depression-like behav-iors of rats induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS ). Methods Thirty male Sprague Dawley (SD ) rats were randomly divided into control group and model group.The method of solitary condition with CUS for consecutive 28 days was used to establish the rat depression model.The open-field test (OFT)and the forced swimming test (FST)were used to evaluate the depressive behaviors of rats;the real time PCR was used to detect the change of HDAC2 mRNA, and Western blot was used to determine the protein expres-sions of H3,H4,acH3 and acH4 in the prefrontal cor-tex and hippocampus of rats.Results Model group showed obvious depression-like behaviors with decrea-sing locomotive activity in OFT (P <0.01 )and in-creasing immobility time in FST (P<0.01),up-regu-lating the mRNA and protein expression of HDAC2 (P<0.0 1 ),and down-regulating the protein expression of acH3 and acH4 (P<0.01)in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus significantly,compared with control group.Conclusion The mechanism of depressive be-haviors of rats induced by CUS may be associated with down-regulating the level of histone acetylation modifi-cation.

Objective To investigate the effect of pemetrexed on the immune function,quality of life and survival time of patients with malignant pleural effusion.Methods Eighty cases patients with non-small cell lung cancer from July 2013 to October 2015 in the People′s Hospital of Hunan Province were complicated with pleural effusion,and randomly divided into observation group and control group,40 cases in each group.The control group were used chemotherapy with GP(gemcitabine plus cisplatin) and the central venous catheter was placed in the thoracic cavity.The observation group was treated with retrograde injection of pemetrexed catheter on the basis of the control group.The changes of immunoglobulin and inflammatory cytokines were compared between the two groups,and the quality of life and the 1 year survival rate of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results The IgM,IgG and IgA of the observation group after the intervention were higher than those in control group((1.65±0.03) mg/L vs.(1.31±0.02) mg/L,(9.55±0.12) mg/L vs.(8.82±0.10) mg/L,(3.99±0.20) mg/L vs.(1.81±0.13) mg/L,t=59.640,29.557,57.800,P<0.05),the TNFα-,IL-1,hs-CRP levels of the observation group after the intervention were lower than the control group((12.0±0.2) μg/L vs.(18.1±0.5) μg/L,(0.60±0.1) mg/L vs.(0.92±0.2) mg/L,(10.3±1.0) mg/L vs.(31.3±2.0) mg/L,t=71.641,9.051,59.397,P<0.05),and quality of life score after the intervention than before((81.5±2.3) points vs.(81.6±2.3) points,(35.3±1.1) points vs.(56.6±1.7) points,t=114.608,55.823,P<0.05).Quality of life of the observation group was better than the control group(t=66.530,P<0.01),1 year survival rate was higher than the control group(25.0%(10/40) vs.50.0%(20/40),U=5.903,P<0.05).Conclusion Local chemotherapy with pemetrexed could significantly improve the immune function of patients with malignant pleural effusion,reduce the inflammatory response,improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time of patients with malignant pleural effusion.

Objective:To investigate the role of the expression of E-cadherin(E-Cad) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2(TIMP-2) in carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods:The E-Cad and TIMP-2 expressions were studied immun ohistochemistrically in 30 specimens of colorectal adenoma and 60 specimens of CRC.Results:The expression rates of E-Cad were 87.10% in colorectal adenoma and 55.00% in CRC, the former was apparently higher than that of the later (P0.05);The significant relationship was observed between low TIMP-2 expression and Dukes stage, metastasis of lymph node and distant organs and poor prognosis.Conclusion:The detection of expression about E-Cad and TIMP-2 may be helpful to judge the malignant behavior and metastasis and prognosis with colorectal carcinoma,furthermore the expression of TIMP-2 may be used to know prognosis of patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) knowledge and skills training on non TCM community physicians in Shanghai, and provide important basis and feedback for future adjustments and training improvement.Methods The current situation of the TCM knowledge and skills training on non TCM community physicians in Shanghai was reviewed. The community physicians participated in the training courses in 2014 in Jiading district were randomly selected for investigation. The TCM theory and skills scores of all the 65 trainees were compared before and after training, a self-made questionnaire survey on assessment of training was conducted after training, and the influencing factors of training effect were analyzed. Results After training,test results of TCM theory and skills were significantly higher than before(P<0.01). According to the survey of trainees after TCM training, 84.6% thought the training was necessary,95.4% liked the teaching form, 93.9% accredited training content difficulty level,92.3% thought the training was practical, 98.5% were willing to provide Chinese medicine services for community residents, 60.0% thought training to promote the general medical work was very helpful. The existing problems were short training periods(43.1%), only 10.8% could skilled TCM appropriate technologies and 60.0% were basically master. Conclusion The TCM knowledge and skills training on non TCM community physicians in Shanghai had achieved better effect. There still were some deficiencies, which require further exploration in order to better carry out future training.

Objective To study renal involvement in hepatic glycogen storage disease(GSD) in childhood. Methods One hundred and eight patients aged less than 21 years old with type Ⅰa GSD (54 cases), type Ⅲ (29 cases) and uncertain type hepatic GSD (25 cases). Urine analysis, urine albumin, urine protein of 24 h, urine ?_2-MG, BUN, creatinine, Ccr were evaluated. Results Of 108 patients with hepatic GSD, 16 patients (20.8%) had proteinuria proven by urine albumin or urine protein of 24 h, their ages first found proteinuria were 8～15 years. Two 15-year-old patients had proteinuria over 1.0g/24h. Among 72 patients, urine ?_2-MG of 51 cases (70.8%) increased (175～10 623mg/L), and the mean urine ?_2-MG of type Ⅰ a GSD was much higher than that of type Ⅲ GSD, 4138.2 and 1790.1mg/L respectively. Of 91 patients, 10 had renal insufficiency, 1/10 (15-year-old girl) had heavy proteinuria (3.5g/24h), elevated BUN (9.3mmol/L) and Scr(1061 ?mol/L). Five elder patients (11～21 years old) had hematuria with renal colic caused by renal calculus. Conclusions Persistent protenuria, increased urine ?_2-MG, decreased Ccr, and renal stones are common complications of hepatic GSD in childhood. Renal function should be thoroughly evaluated during follow-up.