Objective:To investigate the pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells in vitro.Meth-ods:Human embryonic stem cells were cultured in suspension without feeder layers and bFGF in medi-um.mRNAs of different types of cells were analyzed by RT-PCR.Results:When Human embryonicstem cells were cultured in suspension without feeder layers and bFGF in medium,they formed floatingaggregates termed embryoid bodies(EBs),in which many precursors and functional cells were detectedby RT-PCR,such as neural and islet precursors,neurons,insulin-secreting cells,glucagon-secretingcells and liver cells et al.Conclusion:Human embryonic stem cells are able to form embryoid bodiesnaturally in vitro which express specific markers of many types of precursors and mature functional cells.

Objective To establish clonal human embryonic stem cell lines and investigate their biological characteristics. Methods Cells were derived from one inner cell mass of human blastocyst, multiplied for 20 passages, and then dissociated into single cell suspension by digestion with 0.5% trypsin. Single cell was picked up and plated into individual well of a 96-well plate containing feeder-layers directly under a dissection microscope. The outgrowth clones were passed by treatment with collagenase. Surface markers were detected by cytochemistry and histoimmunochemistry. Karyotypes were tested using standard G-banding techniques. The pluripotency was analyzed by inoculating cells into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Results Two clonal human embryonic stem cell lines were established. Cells of these two lines possess the characteristics and differentiating potencies: normal 46 XX karyotypes; expressing a series of surface markers such as: alkaline phosphotase, stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4, tumor recognition antigen (TRA)-1-60, TRA-1-81 etc; and forming teratomas comprising derivatives of three embryonic germ layers such as neural tissue, cartilage, squamous epithelium and columlar epithelium when injected into SCID mice. Conclusions The two single cell-cloned human embryonic stem (hES) cell lines were derived in our laboratory. The cells possess stable biological characteristics of undifferentiated hES cells.

Objective To compare the effects of one year treatment of estrogen and tamoxifen, either alone or combined with fluoride on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats Methods One hundred and forty two virgin female Sprague Dawley rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham operated at 6 months of age, and randomly divided into 7 groups (19-21 rats each): (1) sham operated controls; (2) OVX vehicle controls; (3)estrogen group; (4) fluoride group; (5) tamoxifen group; (6) fluoride plus estrogen; (7) fluoride plus tamoxifen The treatments lasted for one year Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement, bone histomorphometry analysis (lumbar vertebrae) and biomechanical test (3 point bending test on right femur) were performed before and after treatment The histological change of uterus were also determined at the same time Results (1) Twelve months of ovariectomy, the OVX group had significantly lower total body (279 mg/cm 2), lumbar vertebra (232 mg/cm 2) than all other groups (total body 286-298 mg/cm 2, lumber 251-266 mg/cm 2, P

Parkinson disease(PD) is a degenerative disorder characterized by the loss of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons. Recently it has been demonstrated that ES cells can differentiate into dopaminergic neurons in vitro and is a potentiol item for transplantation. In this paper we reviewed clinical study in treating Parkinson disease、methods and mechanisms of ES cells differentiation into dopaminergic neurons in vitro and progress of its application.

Objective To study the signaling transduction of dBcAMP induced morphological changes of astrocytes.Methods Morphological changes of primarily cultured mouse astrocytes induced by dBcAMP were studied by immunocytochemical technique.The signaling transduction pathways underlying those changes were further explored using specific inhibitors AG1478 and GM6001.Results Zn2＋-dependent metalloproteinase and epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR）in astrocytes were involved in the morphological changes of astrocytes induced by dBcAMP.Conclusion dBcAMP-induced transactivation pathways were delineated in the morphological changes of astrocytes.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonic features and differential diagnosis of superficial neurilemmoma ,and improve diagnostic accuracy of superficial neurilemmoma by ultrasound .Methods Retrospectively analyse the ultrasonic findings of 51 ca-ses ,which confirmed for superficial neurilemmoma by pathology ,and analyse the misdiagnosis reason from the aspects of size , shape ,boundary ,internal echo ,blood flow signals .Results Superficial neurilemmoma had some characteristics in the shape ,bound-ary ,internal echo ,blood flow signals and so on .However ,the key point to differentiate it from other diseases was to identify the re-lationship with peripheral nerve .In this study ,the coincidence rate of ultrasonoic diagnosis with pathologic diagnosis was 78 .4% . Conclusion Superficial neurilemmoma have some similarity with neurofibroma or sebaceous cyst on ultrasonographic images .When making diagnosis ,especial attention should be paid to identify the relationship of neurilemmoma with peripheral nerve .

Objective To detect water iodine content,urinary iodine content and thyroid volume of children aged 6-12 in high water-iodine areas and to explore the relationship between thyroid volume and the three factors (water iodine content,urinary iodine content and age).Methods In July 2011 to March 2012,four provinces of Shandong,Shanxi,Henan and Hebei were investigated,and water iodine content were divided into 4 levels,which were 50-99,100-149,150-299,and ≥300 μg/L,respectively.For each water iodine content level,three villages were analyzed.School children aged 6-12 were recruited,family salt iodine was determined to exclude those children who had intaken iodized salt.After that,water iodine content,urinary iodine content and thyroid volume of children were measured.Finally,relationships between thyroid volume and water iodine content,urinary iodine content and age were analyzed.Salt iodine was detected by semi-quantitative method;urinary iodine was detected by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry;thyroid volume was detected by B-scan ultrasonography.Results The medians of thyroid volume in each age group from 6 to 12 years were 2.00,2.21,2.54,2.94,3.30,3.44,and 3.72 ml,respectively;the medians of urinary iodine content in each age group were 252.3,319.4,345.2,350.9,371.2,384.4,and 409.6 μg/L,respectively.Under the condition of water iodine content ＞ 100 μg/L,the median of urinary iodine content of children aged 6 in 100-149 μg/L water iodine content group was 274.0 μg/L,while other groups with different ages got the median of urinary iodine content more than 300 μg/L.Water iodine content,urinary iodine content and age were all positively correlated with thyroid volume (r =0.154,0.148,0.381,all P ＜ 0.01).In addition,water iodine content and urinary iodine content were positively correlated (r =0.399,P ＜ 0.05).With the same water iodine content level,the urinary iodine content and thyroid volume showed a significant dispersion with increasing age,which meant different individual responses to higher iodine.Conclusions In higher water-iodine areas,the iodine level of children is excessive,although they have intaken non-iodized salt.Furthermore,thyroid volume is associated with water iodine content,urinary iodine content and age.

The new cataloguing rules, RDA, have been implemented in NLM and more RDA bibliographic data can thus be accessed in domestic medical libraries when the Western documents are catalogued by offloading their bibliographic data.The differences in RDA and AACR2 were compared, the common modified fields and descrip-tive contents were described when the RDA bibliographic data were changed into AACR2 bibliographic data in order to provide certain reference for cataloguing of Western documents using the RDA bibliographic data.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Moxifloxaein in treatment of multidrug-resistant(MDR)pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods 65 MDR pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis patients were randomized divided into two groups,separately receiving the regimens of contained Moxifloxacin0.4 qd or Levofloxacin 0.6 qd six drugs treatment accompanying with aminoglycosides,prothionamide,pasiniazid,pyrazinamide,ethambutol and clarithromyein from 2003—2005y in Guangzhou chest hospital.The treatment outcomes were evaluated when study executed one and half year later.Results 35 patients in moxifloxacin group had 27 cases cured,and 30 patients in levofloxacin group had 19 cases cured.The success rates were 77.1% versus 63.3%(P=0.222).The time to sputum culture conversion were (1.9?0.7)months and 3.0?1.8 months(P=0.035).Bacillary susceptible to levofloxacin,good adherence,radi- ographic extent less than one lung,and use of moxifloxacin were independent predictors of favorable outcome(odds ratios,7.3 to 21.4).Conclusion Moxifloxacin was found have a better bactericidal activity in vivo and less side effects. Its efficacy was higher than levofloxacin when incorporated into muhidrug regimens used for treatment of MDR tuberculosis.

Object To optimize the preparation procedure for Zhixuan Granula (ZXG). Methods The optimum extracting conditions of ZXG were selected by orthogonal test with the active components: 23-acetate alisol B, atractylenolide I, and dried extract as the index, it mice sedation of ZXG was clarified by pharmacodynamics. Results The optimum preparation procedure was as follows: Rhizoma Alismatis and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae were extracted with alcohol first, adding 12-fold 70% alcohol by refluxing, extracting twice, 2 h once, then extracted with water, adding 14-fold water, extracting twice, 2 h once. The extract showed the obvious effect on sedation of mice. Conclusion The optimum preparation procedure is reliable, with higher extracting ratio of the active components.