cAMP response element binding protein(CREB) is a genetranscription regulator locating in the nucleus.The activated CREB by phosphoration plays an important role by binding to the cAMP response elements and modulate the transcription of various target genes.In addition,the activity of CREB is also regulated by lots of transcriptional regulators in signal transduction mechanism.In central nerve system,CREB participates in promoting neuron growth,the processes of plasticity and long term memory.More importantly,researches of CREB in the pathological processes of Alzheimers disease,Hungtingtons disease and HIV-related dementia have made a progress recently,providing a basis for some therapy strategies to the related neurodegenerative disorders.

Aim To observe the damages induced by hydrogen peroxide in cultured bovine cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (BCMEC) and evaluate the protective effects of hydroxyethylpuerarin on hydrogen peroxide-injured BCMEC. Methods BCMEC were cultured and transferred into modified Eagle medium (MEM). The viability of cells was detected by MTT assay. Cell injury was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the extracellular medium. Flow cytometry was employed to observe the occurrence of apoptosis. Morphologic changes of cells were visualized under phase contrast and electron occurrence of apoptosis. Hydroxyethylpuerarin was shown to increase the survival rate and decrease the activity of LDH of BCMEC damaged by hydrogen peroxide. Hydroxyethylpuerarin was also found to protect BCMEC against apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide. Conclusion Hydrogen peroxide induces BCMEC injury either by apoptosis or through necrosis. Hydroxyethylpuerarin protects BCMEC against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury in a concentration-dependent manner. Its antioxidant effects might be involved as the mechanism protection.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect and explore the mechanism of needling Quchi and Taichong points in treating hypertension patients and the influence on blood levels of angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) and endothelin (ET) levels.

METHODSSixty hypertension patients were randomly divided into the Taichong needling group (A), Quchi needling group (B) and control group (C, treated by Captopril). Changes of plasma ET was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and serum ACE content was measured by chemical colorimeter.

RESULTSThe effect of lowering systolic pressure at 15 min after needling in Group B was better than that in Group A (P < 0.01), but it was inferior to the latter at 120 min after withdrawal of needle (P < 0.05), while after one course treatment, the effect in Group B and C was obviously better than that in Group A (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Content of serum ACE significantly increased in Group B and that of plasma ET significantly decreased in Group A, showing significant difference between the two groups, all P < 0.01.

CONCLUSIONNeedling Quchi and Taichong all show hypertensive effect, the former is obviously higher than that of the latter. They could regulate the blood level of ACE and ET, protect and repair vascular endothelial cells, but the key links of their mechanism might be different.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; blood ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; blood ; Radioimmunoassay

Objective Though analyzing the epidemiological trend of human Brucellosis in Qinghai Province in 2012, to provide a advice for Brucellosis prevention and control. Methods Brucellosis investigation was carried out on key populations aged 7-60 years who were keeping in touch with livestock in Ping’an County, Haiyan County, Tianjun County, Dari County, Jiuzhi County, Henan County, and three or four towns were selected as investigation sites in each county; then serological test was done with the methods of the rose bengal plate agglutination test(RBPT), standard tube agglutination test(SAT) and Coombs; diagnosis was based on “Diagnostic Criteria for Brucellosis”( WS 269-2007 ) . Results A total of 4 253 people in the 6 counties were investigated;the positive rate of RBPT was 2.92%(124/4 253); the positive rate of SAT was 0.85%(36/4 253), while the Coombs was 0.05%(2/4 253), totally infected people was 124, the infection rate was 2.92%(124/4 253); the number of patients was 71, the prevalence rate was 1.67%(71/4 253); and new cases were 68. Conclusions Prevalence of human Brucellosis in Qinghai Province is active in some local areas. We should strengthen health education of occupational population, improve people’s ability of prevention and control, and control prevalence of Human epidemic situation.

Objective To discuss the clinical features,hepatic pathology,and prognosis of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in a child caused by CYP27A1 mutation.Methods Clinical features of a child with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis were retrospectively analyzed,and the related literatures viewed.Results The child had different degrees of cholestasis,hepatomegaly,elevated transaminases,normal-glutamyl GGT(γ-GT) and normal total bile acid.The hepatic pathology showed intrahepatic cholestasis,inflammatory cell infiltration and expansion and hyperplasia of bile capillary.Gene testing found heterozygous mutations of CYP27A 1 (c.1263+ l G＞A/c.1477-3C＞G) in the child.The variant of c.1477-3C＞G is a novel mutation.Conclusions The possibility of bile acid synthesis disorder should be considered when infants have cholestasis,elevated transaminase,hepatomegaly,and normal or reduced γ-GT and total bile acid.Gene testing should be used for early diagnosis,treatment to improve prognosis.

The standardized training of resident doctors has entered a new stage of quality construction.The multi-station assessment in clinical context takes clinical problems as the core and residents as the main body,and uses the way of integrating practice and clinical thinking training to help residents build the comprehensive ability to solve clinical practical problems.This paper reviews and summarizes the practice of multi-station assessment mode in a tertiary hospital in Tianjin in recent three years from the aspects of assessment scheme,examination station setting,examination content,requirements and characteristics of ex-amination questions.Problem-oriented,find out the problems existing in the operation process and put forward solutions,so as to provide a reference for further improving the assessment and training system,promoting the training management of residential training bases and improving the training quality.

Objective Molecular biological methods were used to classify and analyze the isolated Brucella strains,and to understand the geographical distribution characteristics,genetic types and regional distribution characteristics of Brucella in Qinghai Province.Methods Molecular biology typing of species of isolated Brucella strains in Qinghai was studied using Multiple Locus Variable-number tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA) technology.The classification results were described by geographical information system (GIS).Results There were 3 species Brucella melitensis,Brucella abortus,and Brucella suis among the 65 strains of Brucella in Qinghai.Brucella melitensis was the dominant species.The genotypes of MLVA were 42,43,47,28,36,112 and 6.The geographical distribution features showed that the 42 belonged to the evolutionary branches of A and B,which was widely distributed.The 43 of the C evolutionary branch and 47 of the E evolution branch were mainly in the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.When searching in the Brucella2012 MLVA database,none of the genotypes obtained in this study were identical to those in the database.Conclusions The MLVA genotypes of Brucella are varied in Qinghai Tibet Plateau.They are widely distributed,completely different from those in other areas,and different genetic variations are found in different places.

Objective To analyze the human brucellosis monitoring results in Gonghe County of Qinghai Province from 2010 to 2016 and grasp the distribution of human brucellosis.Methods Using retrospective analysis method,monitoring questionnaires,laboratory test forms and case questionnaires of brucellosis in Gonghe County,Qinghai Province from 2010 to 2016 were collected,the serological test results of brucellosis were analyzed and the occupational and onset time distribution were described.Results A total of 1 471 people in Gonghe County were investigated,totally infected people was 32,the infection rate was 2.18％,the number of patients was 18,and the prevalence rate was 1.22％.Eighteen new cases were confirmed.The occupational distribution of infected people was mainly herder,accounting for 78.13％ (25/32);the onset time was mostly from May to September,accounting for 83.33％ (15/18).Conclusions Prevalence of human brucellosis in Gonghe County is still active in some local areas.We should strengthen health education and professional intervention in occupational populations to improve people's ability in prevention and control of the disease.

Objective:To master the epidemic trend of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province, so as to provide basis for scientific prevention and control of the disease.Methods:In 2019 and 2020, at the national and provincial brucellosis monitoring sites in Qinghai Province, a total of 18 counties (cities and districts, hereinafter referred to as counties), no less than 400 serum samples were sampled every year for brucellosis Rose-Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and serum tube agglutination test (SAT), which would be tested and judged according to the criteria of "Diagnosis for Brucellosis" (WS 269-2019).Results:In 2019, a total of 1 612 people were monitored in national brucellosis monitoring sites, 93 were RBPT positive, 54 were SAT positive, 54 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 3.35% (54/1 612). In 2020, 1 677 people were monitored in national brucellosis monitoring sites, 151 were RBPT positive, 80 were SAT positive, 80 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 4.77% (80/1 677). There were significant differences in RBPT positive rate, SAT positive rate and prevalence rate among national monitoring sites between the two years (χ 2 = 12.52, 4.24, 4.24, P < 0.05). In 2019, a total of 6 043 people were monitored in provincial brucellosis monitoring sites, 128 were RBPT positive, 91 were SAT positive, 87 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 1.44% (87/6 043). In 2020, 5 664 people were monitored, 108 were RBPT positive, 59 were SAT positive, 52 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 0.92% (52/5 664). There was no significant difference in RBPT positive rate among provincial monitoring sites between the two years (χ 2 = 0.66, P = 0.416), and the differences in SAT positive rate and prevalence rate were statistically significant among provincial monitoring sites between the two years (χ 2 = 4.98, 14.57, P < 0.05). Conclusion:In 2019 and 2020, there are human brucellosis in national and provincial brucellosis monitoring sites in Qinghai Province.