Objective The poor sleep quality of epileptic patients may be partly due to the occurrence epileptiform discharges (EDs).We observed the number of interictal discharges in each sleep stage and explored the associations between EDs and sleep phases in epilepsy patients.Methods Two hundred and forty epileptic patients and 213 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the current study.For all subjects,video-electroencephalogram monitoring and 24 h-night polysomnography were conducted to detect EDs and analyze the sleep structures.Results EDs were detected in 88.7％ (213/240) of epilepsy patients with the most frequent cases from the temporal lobe.The EDs detected during waking,sleeping,or both waking and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep stage accounted for 20.6％ (44/213),40.4％ (86/213),and 38.9％ (83/213) of the total patients,respectively.The total sleep time and time spent in REM were similar between the epileptic patients and healthy volunteers.However,epileptic patients spent a significantly longer mean sleep time in NREM Ⅰ-Ⅱ ((304 ±39) min versus (225 ±29) min,t =3.51,P =0.000) and less in NREM Ⅲ-Ⅳ ((49 ± 7) min versus (133 ± 17) min,t =2.30,P =0.000) than healthy volunteers.Furthermore,asymmetric sleep spindles and fragmentary sleep structure as well as high inversion frequency were found in epilepsy patients,respectively.Conclusion Combination of long-term video electroencephalogram with polysomnography is a useful method to analyze associations between EDs and the sleep-wake cycle.This strategy can also help identify the nature of sleep disorders in epileptic patients,which may improve the treatment efficacy.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and muscle strength, physical performance in the elderly. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hangu district of Tianjin from April to June in 2013. Totally 1 131 subjects aged 60 years or older completed the survey. Every subject filled out a standard questionnaire and underwent grip strength test, timed up and go test (TUGT). Serum CRP concentrations were determined using chemiluminescent immunoassay kits. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the relationship between CRP and muscle strength, physical performance. Results After adjustment for potential confounding factors including age, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, anemia, cancer and physical activity, the multiple linear regression analysis suggested that CRP levels were inversely related to handgrip strength (β'=-0.11, P<0.01), and the logistic regression analysis showed that compared with subjects in the lowest quintile, the odds ratios and 95%confidence interval of higher quintile of CRP were 1.09 (0.50, 2.39) and 2.70 (1.34, 5.66) (Ptrend<0.05) in males. However, the relationship between CRP and muscle strength, physical performance was not statistically significant in females. Conclusions In males, higher serum CRP levels were independently correlated with lower muscle strength and poor physical performance in older adults. These results suggested that inflammation-signaling pathways may play an important role in the progression of sarcopenia.

Objective:To investigate the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 in the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion through measuring the serum and pleural effusion IL-10 and IL-12 levels of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion patients.Methods: Forty-eight inpatients with exudative pleural effusion who didn''t receive any treatment before were selected.According to the pathogeny, the patients were divided into tuberculous pleural effusion group (n=25) and malignant pleural effusion group (n=23).The levels of IL-10 and IL-12 in peripheral blood and pleural effusion of the patients in two groups were detected by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA).The differences in IL-10, IL-12 levels and IL-12/IL-10 ratio were compared between two groups.The ROC curves of the above indexes, cast-off and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were used to compare the effects in differential diagnosis of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion.Results: There were no statistical differences in the levels of serum IL-10, IL-12 and IL-12/IL-10 ratios of the patients between tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion groups (P>0.05),and the IL-12 level in pleural effusion and the IL-12/IL-10 ratio of the patients in malignant pleural effusion group were lower than those in tuberculous pleural effusion group (P<0.005).The area under the ROC curve for the levels of IL-12 in pleural effusion (0.984) was higher than those for the ratio of IL-12/IL-10, cast-off and ADA (0.744, 0.804 and 0.911, respectively) in the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion.Conclusion: The detection of IL-12 levels in pleural effusion is helpful for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion, and the pleural effusion is easy to obtain, therefore the detection of IL-12 in pleural effusion is worth to be widely applied in clinic.

Objective To prepare ?-elemene solid lipid nanoparticles and investigate their particle size diameter and entrapment efficiency.Methods The ?-elemene solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by film ultrasonic wave dissolving techniques.And the optimum formula was selected through orthogonal design test according to the entrapment efficiency.Results The optimizing technique was ?-elemene(20 ?L),stearic acid(90 mg),lecithin(90 mg),Tween80(2.5 %,5 mL) and Poloxamer 188(2.5 %,5 mL).Conclusion The technique of preparing ?-elemene by film-ultrasonic wave dissolving technique is feasible.

OBJECTIVE To explore the best method of cleaning and sterilization of laparoscopic apparatus.METHODS Laparoscopic apparatus useed in the hospital was divided into four groups at random:with artificial cleaning and sterilization by ethylene oxide(EO),with machine-cleaning and sterilization by EO,with artificial cleaning by hydrogen peroxide plasma,and with machine-cleaning and sterilization by hydrogen peroxide plasma.And The sterilization effect of four groups was observed.RESULTS The positive cleaning result of manual with ultrasonic cleaning was 97.5%,but with autowash cleaner was 73.3%.The rate of qualification of artificial-groups was higher than machine groups obviously(P

An electrolyte cathode atmospheric glow discharge atomic emission spectroscopy(ELCAD-AES) has been developed to determine the hardness of water. By the standard curves of Mg and Ca, the concentration curves of Mg and Ca measurement were obtained. The limits of detection of Mg and Ca were 0.2 and 0.8 mg/L, respectively. The precision and recovery were experimentally elucidated, which indicated that the homemade ELCAD-AES system has a good performance. Finally, practical water samples such as tap water, boiled tap water, ground water, boiled ground water and lake water were analyzed by the method. The results were in agreement with those by the EDTA titration. This demonstrates that ELCAD-AES has the capacity for on-line determination of water hardness.

Objective:To develop and validate a preoperative prediction model based on laboratory parameters in differentiating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Data from 833 patients with primary liver cancers treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2016 and May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 652 males and 181 females, aged (59.0±11.1) years, with 649 patients diagnosed to have HCC and 184 patients ICC. Based on the different admission time, they were divided into a development cohort ( n=577) and a validation cohort ( n=256). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent differential factors which were then included in the nomogram. The discrimination and calibration ability of the nomogram were evaluated by using concordance indexes (C-index) and calibration curves. Results:Female ( OR=4.989, 95% CI: 2.547-9.772), hepatitis B surface antigen positivity ( OR=0.144, 95% CI: 0.074-0.279), α-fetoprotein (21-399 ng/ml, OR=0.142, 95% CI: 0.072-0.283; ≥400 ng/ml, OR=0.023, 95% CI: 0.006-0.095), carcinoembryonic antigen (>4.7 ng/ml, OR=2.667, 95% CI: 1.352-5.261) and carbohydrate antigen 199 >39 ng/ml ( OR=11.019, 95% CI: 5.739-21.159) were independent differential factors for ICC. A nomogram was established by incorporating these 5 factors. The C-indexes were 0.942 (95% CI: 0.919-0.965) and 0.949 (95% CI: 0.914-0.985) in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. Calibration curves showed good agreement between the predicted risk by the nomogram and real outcomes. Conclusion:In this study, a preoperative nomogram for differential diagnosis between ICC and HCC was established. The model could aid clinicians in clinical treatment decision making.

Objective Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple and reliable inflammation biomarker but few studies have assessed the relationship between NLR and hypertension in Chinese population. In order to evaluate how NLR is related to the incidence of hypertension, we designed a large scale prospective cohort study in an adult population. Method Participants were recruited from Tianjin Medical University's General Hospital?Health Management Centre. Hypertension?free subjects (men, 13 638;women,15 212) were followed up for a median of 2.7 years. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess relationships between the quintiles of NLR and the incidence of hypertension. Result During the follow-up period, 1 348 subjects in men and 476 subjects in women developed hypertension. The hazard ratios of hypertension incidence were evaluated in increasing NLR quintiles both in men and women. In the final multivariate models, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for hypertension across NLR quintiles were 1.00 (Reference), 1.05 (0.87, 1.26), 1.02 (0.85, 1.22), 1.07 (0.90, 1.29) and 1.22 (1.03, 1.45) (P for trend=0.01), in men;1.00 (Reference), 1.11 (0.82, 1.49), 0.79 (0.58, 1.08), 1.13 (0.85, 1.52) and 1.25 (0.94, 1.66) (P for trend=0.07), in women, respectively. Conclusion This study showed that the elevated NLR levels were significantly related to an increased risk of developing hypertension in men, but not in women.

OBJECTIVETo research the regulating effects of different dosages of ginseng with hairy antler on the sexual dysfunction model of the gonad and the structure of shenyangxu male rats induced with adenine, and to look for the best compatible proportion of ginseng to hairy antler in the model.

METHODSHealthy male SD rats, 2 months of age and (220 +/- 20) g in weight, were randomly assigned to 13 groups: normal group, model group, ginseng group, hairy antler group and 9 different proportion groups of ginseng to hairy antler. Observations were made on the exterior syndrome, testosterone in sera, weight index of the prostate and seminal vesicle, and tissue changes of the testis in the experimental rat model.

RESULTSDosages of different proportions of ginseng to hairy antler had different improving effects on the exterior syndrome, testosterone in sera, weight index of the prostate and seminal vesicle, and tissue changes of the testis.

CONCLUSIONDifferent proportions of ginseng to hairy antler had different improving effects on the sexual dysfunction model of male rats induced with adenine, and the best compatible proportion of ginseng to hairy antler was 5 to 2, that is, 0.45 g ginseng to 0.18 g hairy antler or 0.90 g ginseng to 0.36 g hairy antler.

Adenine ; Animals ; Antlers ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Panax ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Testosterone ; blood

Objective To explore the effect of self-designed two-level prevention list in the care to patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)treated with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods Seventy-four CHD patients having undergone PCI during October 2013 and October 2015 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group equally.In the control group,the routine outpatient visit every 3 months was done without any intervention.Apart from the routine outpatient visit,in the observation group,a phone call follow-up every half month was done with intervention on the medication and lifestyle using the self-designed secondary prevention list.The two groups were compared in terms of blood fat,blood pressure,medicine-taking compliance and lifestyle. Results After 6 months follow-up,there were insignificant differences in medication compliance of four drugs between the two groups (P>0.05),but there were significant differences between them in blood fat,blood pressure and lifestyle (P<0.05),where the total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and systolic blood pressure were significantly lower than those of the control group,while the smoking-quitting rate and the physical exercise qualification rate were significantly higher (all P<0.05). Conclusion The self-designed two-level prevention list is effective in improving the lifestyle of the CHD patients after PCI,good for the control of blood fat and pressure.