Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a great knowledge base that has been developed through thousands of years and has been accumulated a wealth of experience in diagnosis and treatment.TCM has advanced concepts,but lag behind the use of modern technology and means.With the progress of modern science and technology,the combination of TCM theory and moderm science and technology promotes the development of TCM engineering.TCM has been a breakthrough in diagnostic techniques and clinical treatment,especially modern TCM instruments.At present,diagnostic instruments of TCM mainly depend on pulse and tongue device,and gradually develop to four diagnostic comprehensive analysis platform.Therapeutic instruments of TCM include electroacupuncture device,meridian instrument,laser treatment device and magnetic therapy instrument.This article focuses on the current status,problems and trend on TCM diagnostic and therapeutic instruments,which mainly include diagnostic instruments,clinical treatment instruments,Chinese medical instruments.

Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of saxagliptin or pioglitazone combined with metformin in the newly diag-nosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) with inadequate glycemic control by metformin alone. Methods:Totally 82 newly diagnosed T2DM patients with inadequately control by metfomin monotherapy for 12 weeks were randomly divided into two groups, sax-agliptin group ( saxagliptin combined with metforminc) and pioglitazone group ( pioglitazone combined with metformin) . The blood glu-cose control, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IR) , body weight change and adverse reactions were assessed before and after the treatment for 12 weeks. Results:After the 12-week treatment,the level of fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) , two-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG) and glyeosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) in both groups were significantly decreased. Compared with the pioglitazone group,the level of 2hPG and HbAlc was lower while the level of FPG was higher in the saxagliptin group (P<0. 05). Compared with the saxagliptin group,the level of fasting plasma insulin(FINS) was significantly decreased and HOMA-IR was significantly improved in the pioglitazone group. The body mass index ( BMI) of the patients was increased in the pioglitazone group(P<0. 05) and showed no change in the saxagliptin group(P>0. 05). There was no statistical difference in the adverse reac-tions between the two groups(P>0. 05). Conclusion:The combination of saxagliptin or pioglitazone with metformin in the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes can improve glycemic control with low incidence of hypoglycemia and adverse reactions. Saxagliptin is more suitable for the patients with heart diseases or old patients.

Objective To discuss the feature of the ultrasonic image and the clinical value of this test way.Methods six Cases of hypoplastie cartilage from 30 thousand fetus were detected.Results Shortened and widened long bone in four limbs,betl shape in chest,enlarged head and inflated abdomen are the main features of the ultrasonic image.Conclusion Ultrasound is superior to other methods in diagnosing fetus'hypoplastic cartilage.

Objective To investigate the life quality (QoL) of end stage renal disease patients. Methods KDQOL-SFTM1.2 scale was used to assess the life quality of end-stage renal disease patients who received maintenance hemodialysis or Newly diagnosed but not yet received renal replacement therapy more than three months in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University or the Yunnan Kidney Disease Hospital from March 2011 to July 2012. Results (1) The QoL of maintenance hemodialysis group was significantly higher than not yet started renal replacement therapy group in the Physical functioning (PF),Role physical (RP),Body pain (BP) fields, the difference was statistically significant ( <0.05) . (2) The QoL of maintenance hemodialysis group was significantly higher than not yet started renal replacement therapy group in the Symptom/problem list (SPL), Sleep fields,but lower than not yet started renal replacement therapy group in the Effects of Kidney disease (EKD), Work status (WS) fields,the difference was statistically significant (<0.05) . Conclusion The life quality of maintenance hemodialysis patients is higher than newly diagnosed but not yet started renal replacement therapy patients in some aspects.

Objective To obtain the most effective preventive management for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis by the evidence-based medicine approach.Methods We attempted to find the current best evidence for the prevention of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis by searching ACP Journal Club(1991-Sep.2005),USA Agency for Healthcare and Research evidence report,Cochrane Library(Issue3,2005)and MEDLINE(1990-Sep.2005),and further critically appraised the available evidence.Results We found that VitD or its analogues with calcium and bisphosphonates could improve bone mineral density significantly.But the effects on reducing the development of fracture were not concluded.Conclusion VitD or its analogues with calcium can be the preferential method as prevention for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis,while bisphosphonates may be an alternative way.

Objective To explore the effects of lithium on expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in the brains of chronic aluminum exposure rats so as to further understand the mechanism of lithium's inhibition on tau phosphorylation. Methods We divided 12 chronic aluminum chloride exposure rats into treatment group and non-treatment group (6 rats in each). Treatment group was given lithium chloride (200 mg/kg?d) via gastric perfusion daily for 6 weeks,while the non-treatment group sodium chloride at the same dosage and the normal group (6 non-aluminum exposure rats of the same month old) without intervention. Six weeks later,all the rats received Morris water maze test for learning memory function; CDK5 and PP2A expressions and phosphorylated tau protein level in rat hippocampus were determined by Western blotting. Results Compared with normal group,non-treatment of chronic aluminum exposure group showed higher phosphorylated tau protein level and CDK5 expression in the brain (P0.05). Conclusion Lithium may reduce tau phosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangle formation by inhibiting the expression of CDK5.

Objective:To explore the effect of integrated treatment of Chinese and western medicine on muhiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).Methods:129 cases of MODS were treated by syndrome differentiation of TCM with the“four syndrome and four methods”based on the routine western medicine treatment from 1997 to 2003,and their therapeutic effects were evaluated. Results:Of the 129 cases,75 were cured and 54 died,the mortality being 41.9%.After treatment of TCM,the state of illness of the patients were ameliorated,the level of blood endotoxin decreased and the clinical syndrome improved.Conclusion:Integrated with western medicine,the“four syndrome and four methods”has obvious therapeutic effect.

Background and purpose: Plumbagin is the main active components of traditional Chinese medicine of plumbago zeylanica. The present studies show that plumbagin has a killing effect on tumor cells. This study aimed to investigate the function and primary mechanism of plumbagin on invasion and metastasis of human liver cancer SK-hep-1 cells. Methods:With the treatment of plumbagin in vitro, cell proliferation and adhesion of SK-hep-1 cells were detected by MTS staining, cell cycle of SK-hep-1 cells were detected by lfow cytometry, the self-renewal and propagation abilities of SK-Hep-1 cells were conducted by colony formation assay , invasion in cells were performed using transwell invasion assay, and the p21 and MMP-2/9 mRNA levels were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Results:With the treatment of plumbagin, SK-Hep-1 cells proliferation was decreased with plumbagin concentration-dependency and the IC50 value of plumbagin in SK-Hep-1 cells was 22.04 mmol/L. The colony formation ability of SK-Hep-1 cells was decreased and the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase was increased in a dose-dependent manner, as compared to control. The cell adhesion and invasion abilities were decreased. The real-time RT-PCR showed that p21 mRNA expression was increased and the MMP-2/9 mRNA was decreased. Conclusion:Plumbagin could suppress the proliferation and invasiveness of human liver cancer SK-hep-1 cells in vitro, and these effects may be by up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Objective To investigate the effect of MR imaging in rats with series coil. Methods MR scanning was performed on the self-made aqueous solution phantom with the series coil and other three coils respectively, using the same FRFSE- XL pulse sequence. SNR of the same image was obtained in the same position slice for all four coils. Twelve SD rats were divided into three model groups and one normal group. FRFSE-XL FSPGR and Probe-SI pulse sequence were respectively used to show the brain injury,1H-MRS, spinal cord injury (SCI) and abdomen with series coils. Results The SNR of series coil (39. 7)was over six times higher than the SNR of knee joint coil (6. 41 ), which was the best in other three coils.Grey matter and white matte; the brain structure and hematomas were clearly depicted in the rats'brain on T1WI and T2WI. From the second week after injection of 6-OHDA into the rats brain, the ratio of NAA/Cr decreased (before injection 1.24 ,two weeks after injection 0. 781 ). The spinal cord and the configuration of the white matter were clearly showed on T2WI image, and the location and degree of SCI in the rat thoracic spinal cord were also well defined on T2 WI image. The pulse sequence of FSPGR T1 WI was used for rat abdomen scanning. The scan time was only eight seconds. It is helpful to overcome the breathing movement effect and show the structure of rat abdomen. Conclusion It provided a good means for the rat MR in vivo to make use of 3.0T MR combined with series coils.

Objective To observe the influence of Xuebijing injection on apoptosis, apoptotic related gene mRNA levels and activity of caspase3 in activated T lymphocyte. Methods The T lymphocytes were obtained from the spleens of BALB/c mice and be induced to be activated and apoptotic by cultured with Con A + IL-2. Apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Fas, FasL, Bcl-2, Bax, IL-2 mRNA, and the activity of caspase3 in T lymphocyte was also detected by spectrophotometric method. In the mean time, the effect of Xuebijing injection on those parameters was observed. Results After the induction, T lymphocyte apoptosis raised at 18 h. At 6 h after the induction, there was no expression of FasL, Bax mRNA, and no change in the expression of Fas and Bcl-2 mRNA. At 18 h, the expressions of Fas, FasL, Bax mRNA rised and the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA lessened. The activity of caspase3 also ascended. Xuebijing injection can cut down the apoptosis induced by induction, make the expression of Fas, FasL, Bax mRNA decreased and Bcl-2 mRNA improved. The activity of caspase3 also fallen after the Xuebijing injection treated. It can promote the expressions of IL-2 mRNA at early phase of AICD (6 h) and depress the expressions at the late period (18 h). Conclusion The apoptosis of T lymphocyte induced by activation was regulated by the change of Fas, FasL, Bcl-2, Bax mRNA expression. Xuebijing injection can ameliorate the apoptosis through regulating the expression of IL-2 and apoptotic related gene mRNA, improve the proliferation activity of T lymphocyte.