This study was aimed to establish Chinese medicine efficacy concept network in order to reveal the in-ner relation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and efficacy as well as to suggest the application way of efficacy concept network. Through the collation of medicine efficacy recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2010 Edition, Volume I), the correlation relationship between TCM efficacy concept was systematically analyzed, and the efficacy concept network was constructed in order to extract specific effica-cy sub-network based on efficacy concept network and then to discover the efficacy groups by utilizing the net-work clustering algorithm. In the Chinese medicine efficacy concept network, 422 efficacy concepts were con-structed and 21 tightly efficacy groups were discovered. Using the efficacy of promoting blood circulation as an example, the application of sub-networks was discussed. Chinese medicine efficacy concept network can be used to reflect the basic theory and clinical experiences in Chinese medicine , to systematically reveal the relationship between TCM efficacy concepts, which can be beneficial to guide the reasonable application of Chinese medicine in disease treatment .

This paper introduced the concept and prevalence of frailty, as well as the concept and mechanism of exercise therapy. For the frailty, there were various modes of exercise therapy, and several exercise prescriptions were reported.

The First Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University adopted PDCA cycle management tool and used planning,implementing,inspection,processing and other links in the specific application of promoting hospital social evaluation.After a certain stage,we summed up the work and changed the chaotic work status of social evaluation management.Comparing with the existing literature,this paper concluded that the application of this tool can promote the research of hospital quality and service management,promote the practice of building harmonious doctor -patient relationship.It is worth to promote the application of PDCA cycle management in hospital social evaluation.

The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase traffic inducer (NOSTRIN) in the placenta of the patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was detected and its role in the pathogenesis of PIH was studied. The pathological changes in placental vessels were observed by HE staining. NO2-/NO3-, the stable metabolic end products of NO, was measured with nitrate reductase. The eNOS activity in placental tissues was assayed by spectrophotometry. Western blot analysis was applied to detect NOSTRIN expression. The incidence of thickening and fibronoid necrosis of placental vessels was significantly higher in women with PIH than in the normal group (P < 0.01). The levels of placental NO2-/NO3- in PIH patients (27.53 +/- 7.48 micromol/mg) were significantly lower than in normal group (54.27 +/- 9.53 micromol/mg, P < 0.01). The activity of eNOS was significantly decreased in PIH group (12.826 +/- 3.61 U/mg) as compared with that in normal group (21.72 +/- 3.83 U/mg, P < 0.01). Western blot analysis revealed that both groups expressed 58 kD NOSTRIN, but the protein level was significantly higher in women with PIH than in the normal group (P < 0.01). A significant negative correlation existed between the expression of NOSTRIN protein and the activity of eNOS in placental tissue of women with PIH (r = -0.57, P < 0.01). It was concluded that the level of NOSTRIN expression in placenta of women with PIH was increased, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PIH.

Objective To investigate the apoptosis of neuron surrounding the hematoma in intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)rats.Methods 64 male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups,trial group(ICH,n=56)and control group(sham operated,n=8).The brains of the rats were removed 6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h,7 d,14 d after ICH.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-bioti in situ nick end-labeling(TUNEL)was used to detect deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)fragmentation.The activation of caspase-3 was measured with immunohistochemistery.The electron microscope were used to observe histological changes surrounding the hematoma.Results Under transmission electronic microscope,shrunken neuron and glial cell with pre-apoptotic signs of intensely stained cytoplasm and abnormally dense nucleus,swollen blood vessel were found.TUNEL-positive cells appeared in the periphery of the hematoma and increased from 6 h to 14 d after ICH.Little TUNEL-positive cells could be found in the control group.The change of the caspase-3-positive cells was similar to TUNEL,but the peak of caspase-3-positive cells was more early than that of TUNEL.Conclusion The apoptosis of neuron occurred surrounding the hematoma in ICH rats and it may related to caspase-3.

Objective To explore the function of the baseline model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores,MELD-Na scores and iMELD scores in short-term prognosis in the initial treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients.Methods 232 HBV-related ACLF patients who received initial treatment in 302 Military Hospital of China from January 2011 to January 2013 were enrolled in this prospective clinical follow-up.The relationship between the baseline MELD scores,MELD-Na scores,iMELD scores and clinical outcomes were analyzed,and the value of these three models for short term prognosis was assessed.Results Finally the 12-week clinical follow-up was completed in 191 patients,with the completion rate of 82.33％.Eighty-five patients died,with the fatality rate of 44.50％.Compared with the survival group,in non-survival group,the baseline of MELD scores (26.65 ± 7.75 vs.21.19 ± 5.42,t=-5.720,P=0.000),MELD-Na scores (29.16 ± 11.35 vs.21.72 ± 6.33,t=-5.729,P=0.000),iMELD scores (47.19 ± 10.96 vs.38.02 ±7.01,t=-7.011,P=0.000),total bilirubin [TBil (μmol/L):374.3 ± 150.1 vs.305.5 ± 147.1,t=-3.182,P=0.002],creatinine [Cr (μmol/L):110.7 ±90.1 vs.71.1 ± 35.1,t=-4.157,P=0.000] and international normalized ratio (INR:2.3 ± 0.9 vs.2.0 ± 0.6,t=-2.754,P=0.006) were significantly increased,but the baseline of serum Na+ (mmol/L:132.8 ± 6.1 vs.136.7 ± 5.1,t=4.861,P=0.000) was significantly lowered.It was shown by Spearman correlation analysis thai the baseline MELD scores,MELD-Na scores and iMELD scores all had positive correlation with the short-term prognosis of patients (r value was 0.398,0.404,and 0.470,respectively,all P=0.000),the baseline of serum Na+ had a negative correlation with the short-term prognosis of patients (r=-0.365,P=0.000).It was shown by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) that the cut-off scores of the baseline of MELD scores,MELD-Na scores and iMELD scores were 25.07,25.43 and 43.11 respectively,and the area under ROC curve (AUC) of the baseline of MELD scores,MELD-Na scores and iMELD scores were 0.731,0.735 and 0.773,respectively.The sensitivity of the three models was 55.3％,57.7％,63.5％,and the specificity was 84.9％,84.0％,84.9％ respectively.The value of the three models had no difference in short-term prognostic prediction.According to the respective cut-off score,the three prediction models were divided into four groups,and all of them had differences in fatality rate on the whole (x2 for MELD scores was 34.740,P=0.000; x2 for MELD-Na scores was 36.861,P=0.000; x2 for iMELD scores was 50.127,P=0.000).The mortality was elevated gradually as the equation scores increased.Conclusion The baseline of MELD scores,MELD-Na scores and iMELD scores can predict well the short-term prognosis of the initial treatment in HBV-related ACLF patients,and have relatively good clinical value for guiding therapy.

To investigate the expressions of placental growth factor (PLGF) in placenta with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), 45 women with HDP and 20 normally pregnant women were studied. Among 45 women with HDP, there were 23 cases of severe preeclampsia and one case of eclampsia. The location and level of PLGF proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The expression of PLGF mRNA in placenta was assessed by reverse transcriptional-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that: (1) The distribution of PLGF in placenta with HDP was similar to normal one, which was mainly in the cytoplasm of villous syncytiotrophoblast and villous stroma; (2) The expression of PLGF protein was significantly decreased in placentas with mild and severe preeclampsia compared to the normal ones (0.3 +/- 0.4 vs 0.6 +/- 0.4, 0.2 +/- 0.5 vs 0.6 +/- 0.4, P < 0.01). There were no differences between the gestational hypertension placenta and normal one (0.5 +/- 0.6 vs 0.6 +/- 0.4, P > 0.05); (3) The transcription levels of the PLGF mRNA in placentas with preeclampsia were significantly lower than in normal groups (3.33 +/- 0.39 vs 4.87 +/- 0.60, 1.97 +/- 0.29 vs 4.87 +/- 0.60, P < 0.01), and no differences were found between the gestational hypertension placenta and normal groups. These findings suggest that the abnormal expression of PLGF in placentas is related to the pathogenesis of HDP.
Placenta/*metabolism ; Pre-Eclampsia/*metabolism ; Pregnancy/*metabolism ; Pregnancy Proteins/*biosynthesis ; Pregnancy Proteins/genetics

Objective To observe the changes of brain neurotransmitters in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS) with encephalofluc-tuogram technology (ET). Methods From August, 2015 to December, 2016, 30 patients with VVS were selected as case group, 30 controls matched with sex and age were selected from the outpatients without syncope. They were detected the function of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), acetylcholine (Ach), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) with ET. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the values of GABA, Glu, 5-HT, Ach and DA (t<1.680, P>0.05), while the values of NE was higher in the case group than in the control group (t=-3.552, P<0.001). Conclusion VVS may be related to the high level of activity of NE in the brain.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of high-frequency stimulation ABR in the diagnosis and treatment of posterior circulation ischemia. METHOD: Twenty-three patients complaining vertigo diagnosed by neurologist were selected to accept the examination of high-frequency stimulation ABR. After two weeks of treatment, they were tested again. At the same time,20 healthy persons were chosen as control group. The data were analyzed. RESULT: The patients had longer ABR latency and wave interval than the normal controls, and the results improved after the proper treatment. CONCLUSION High-frequency stimulation ABR can be used to facilitate the diagnosis and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of posterior circulation ischemia.
Acoustic Stimulation ; methods ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ; diagnosis ; therapy

The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase traffic inducer (NOSTRIN) in the placenta of the patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was detected and its role in the pathogenesis of PIH was studied. The pathological changes in placental vessels were observed by HE staining. NO2-/NO3- , the stable metabolic end products of NO, was measured with nitrate reductase. The eNOS activity in placental tissues was assayed by spectrophotometry. Western blot analysis was applied to detect NOSTRIN expression. The incidence of thickening and fibronoid necrosis of placental vessels was significantly higher in women with PIH than in the normal group (P＜0.01). The levels of placental NO2-/NO3- in PIH patients (27.53±7.48 μmol/mg) were significantly lower than in normal group (54.27±9.53 μmol/mg, P＜0.01). The activity of eNOS was significantly decreased in PIH group (12. 826±3.61 U/mg) as compared with that in normal group (21. 72±3.83 U/mg, P＜0.01). Western blot analysis revealed that both groups expressed 58 kD NOSTRIN, but the protein level was significantly higher in women with PIH than in the normal group (P＜0.01). A significant negative correlation existed between the expression of NOSTRIN protein and the activity of eNOS in placental tissue of women with PIH (r=-0. 57, P＜0. 01). It was concluded that the level of NOSTRIN expression in placenta of women with PIH was increased, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PIH.