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Objective To investigate the changes of cardiac function at pre -and post -treatment in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)in order to guide drug treatment.Methods Totally 84 preterm infants with PDA admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University from July 201 2 to June 201 4 were divided into 4 groups according to treatment drug:Ibuprofen group (27 cases),Indo-methacin group (24 cases),control group (1 1 cases),and Paracetamol group (22 cases).Patients were also divided into symptomatic PDA group (38 cases)and asymptomatic PDA group (46 cases)according to severity;PDA closed group (69 cases)and PDA unclosed group (1 5 cases)according to sequel.The level of plasma brain natriuretic pep-tide (BNP),cardiac troponin I (cTnI),correct QT intervals dispersion (QTcd)were monitored pre -and post -treat-ment.Data were analyzed by using SPSS 1 9.0 software.Results Three cardiac markers at post -treatment were of no significant difference among 4 treatment drugs.The changes of the cTnI and QTcd at pre -and post -treatment were of no significance.The level of BNP in symptomatic PDA group was significantly higher than that in asymptomatic PDA group at pre -treatment [(378 ±94)ng/L vs (1 47 ±75)ng/L,t =2.584,P =0.01 4].In the symptomatic PDA group,the level of BNP at post -treatment [(1 82 ±81 )ng/L]was significantly decreased than that at per -treatment (t =2.741 ,P =0.009).In the asymptomatic PDA group,there was no significant difference between the pre - and post -treatment [(1 21 ±61 )ng/L]in the level of BNP (t =1 .254,P =0.207).There was no significant difference in the level of BNP at per -treatment between PDA closed group and PDA unclosed group [(274 ±91 )ng/L vs (289 ± 87)ng/L,t =-0.874,P =0.391 ].In PDA closed group,the level of BNP at post -treatment [(1 21 ±74)ng/L] was significantly decreased compared with that at per -treatment (t =3.580,P =0.000).In PDA unclosed group, there was no significant difference between the pre - and post -treatment [(245 ±74)ng/L]in the level of BNP (t =0.854,P =0.392).Conclusion Early medication intervention for symptomatic PDA of preterm infants is benefi-cial for the closure of PDA and for attenuating negative effects on cardiac function of PDA.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanisms of Runing Recipe II (a recipe composed of traditional Chinese herbs) in inhibiting the growth of breast cancer by observing its effects on the expressions of p53 and ras oncogene proteins and cell cycle of the transplanted Ca761 breast cancer in mice. METHODS: We established the breast cancer model by transplanting Ca761 cells in mice. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal saline control group, CTX-treated group, Runing Recipe II-treated group, and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group, with 12 mice in each group. We detected the cell cycle of the cancer cells in the mice's transplanted tumor with flow cytometry and measured the expressions of p53 and ras oncogene proteins in the transplanted tumor with immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The percentages of tumor cells in S-phase of the Runing Recipe II treated group, CTX-treated group and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group were significantly lower than that of the normal saline control group respectively (P<0.05). The percentage of tumor cells in G(0)-G(1) phase of the Runing Recipe II treated group was lower than that of the CTX-treated group (P<0.05), while the percentage of tumor cells in G(2)-M phase was higher than that of the CTX-treated group. The immunoreactive scores (IRSs) of p53 in the Runing Recipe II treated group and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group were significantly lower than that in the normal saline control group respectively (P<0.05). The effect of CTX on the expression of p53 was not significant. The IRSs of ras oncogene protein in the Recipe II-treated group, CTX-treated group and Runing Recipe II and CTX-treated group were lower than that in the normal saline control group respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Runing Recipe II can inhibit the growth of Ca761 breast cancer in mice by controlling the cell cycle of the transplanted tumor. This may be related to its effect on the gene expressions of p53 and ras in the tumor tissue.

To explore rapid 3D reconstruction based on wiggle stereoscopy for cerebrovascular CT images to e-liminate the complicacy and inconvenience of the traditional methods. Focal parts of cerebrovascular CT images were segmented based on intelligent neural network fusion model. A 3D human body model base was established, and the focal parts were replaced with the corresponding ones in the base to realize cerebrovascular CT images 3D reconstruction. The 3D human body model base enhanced the efficiency of the cerebrovascular CT images 3D reconstruction greatly. The rapid reconstruction based on wiggle stereoscopy facilitates the display of cerebrovascular CT im-ages.

Objective To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) on myelin phagocytosis during Wallerian degeneration after early peripheral nerve injury in rats.Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were recruited and randomly divided into LPS group(n=20),model group(n=20) and sham group(n=10).The right sciatic nerves of rats in the LPS and model groups were cut and sutured end-to-end,while the sciatic nerve of sham group rats were only exposed.Immediately after surgery,the rats in LPS group were given microinjections of LPS(2 g/L) into the surgical site in a final volume of 1 μL,and the rats in other two groups were injected with the same volume of saline.The sciatic nerves were taken at 1.5 h,24 h and 7d after surgery.Real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR) was applied to detect the dynamic expressions of IL-1β mRNA and MCP-1 mRNA.Immunofluorescence staining was used to test the expression of CD68+ macrophages in sciatic nerves.HE staining was used to observe the pathological alterations of sciatic nerves tissue.ORO staining was used to observe sciatic nerves demyelination.LFB staining was used to detect the sciatic nerves myelin.Sciatic function index was used to evaluate the recovery of motor function in rats.Results Compared with the model group,qRT-PCR indicated that the expression of IL-1β and MCP-1 from LPS group were increased at 1.5 h and 24 h after surgery(P<0.001, P<0.001),respectively.Compared with the model group,the expression of CD68+ cells was increased significantly at 7th day after surgery(P<0.05).Histological examination showed that compared with the model group,a lot of inflammatory cells and Schwann cells were found at sciatic nerve stump in the LPS group at 7th day after operation.ORO staining showed that the degree of demyelination in the LPS group was higher than that in the model group.LFB staining showed that the sciatic nerve stump demyelination appeared in both model group and the LPS group at 7th day after operation,but compared with the model group,myelin debris clearance in the LPS group was significantly accelerated(P<0.05).Finally,compared with the model group,the SFI in the LPS group was increased significantly at 20 d after surgery(P<0.05).Conclusions The results confirm that LPS is possible to manipulate the innate immune response to accelerate myelin clearance during Wallerian degeneration after early peripheral nerve injury in rats.

Objective To study the effect of three different modes of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation on cardiac indices of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Method From January 2014 to October 2015,preterm infants who had RDS received intubation-pulmonary surfactantextubation in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Hospital were randomly assigned (by random number table) to three groups based on the primary mode of ventilation:nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP),bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP),and synchronized bi-level positive airway pressure (SBiPAP).The mean airway pressure (MAP) were about 6 cmH2O in the three groups.The level of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP),cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnI),and correct QT intervals dispersion (QTcd) were monitored before and 42-54 h after non-invasive ventilation.Result There were 173 cases in our study,59 of which in NCPAP group,56 in BiPAP group,and 58 in SBiPAP group.The plasma BNP level at 42-54 h after non-invasive ventilation in the three groups were all higher than that before non-invasive ventilation [NCPAP group:(247.9 ± 137.9) ng/L vs.(182.5 ± 1 10.7) ng/L,P =0.007;BiPAP group:(258.5 ± 131.2) ng/L vs.(182.6 ± 105.0) ng/L,P ＜ 0.001;and SBiPAP group:(260.9 ± 159.7) ng/L vs.(177.5 ± 101.5) ng/L,P =0.002].After 42-54 h non-invasive ventilation,there were no significant changes of plasma cTnI level and QTcd in all the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The level of plasma BNP,cTnI,and QTcd among the three groups before and after 42-54 h non-invasive ventilation all showed no significant differences statistically (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Longer duration (42-54 h) of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (MAP:6 cmH2O) in preterm infants with RDS may lead to increased plasma BNP level,and may affect their cardiac function.However,it may not lead to serious myocardial damage and abnormality of ventricular repolarization.There were no significant differences in cardiac indices of premature infant with RDS among NCPAP,BiPAP,and SBiPAP group with the same MAP.

SAαt2,6 and SAα2,3 linked sialic acid molecules on epithelial cell membrane served as receptors for influenza virus, which axe specifically recognized by human and avian influenza viruses, respectively. The distribution of these two species of sialic acids in human respiratory tract from different anatomical sites and different age groups was investigated. The results showed that SAα2,3Gal species was prevalent in respiratory bronchiole and lung alveolar epithelium, but was infiequent in trachea, bronchus and bronchiole. On the contrary, the SAα2,6Gal species was more common in the trachea and bronchus and to a lesser degree in the alveolar epithelium. When compared the expression levels of SAα2,6Gal and α2,3Gal in the respiratory tract among different age groups, no significant difference was found. In the ex vivo H5N1 virus infection study, alveolus epithelium were found to be more susceptible to avian influenza than trachea and bronchus epithelial cells. These results suggest that the human respiratory tract, to some extent, is permissive for avian influenza viruses. The currently-observed limited human to human transmission of H5N1 virus may be associated with the different abundance of SAα2,3Gal linkages in human upper respiratory tract among individuals.

BACKGROUND:The mechanism underlying Wal erian degeneration fol owing peripheral nerve injury is complex. Immune regulation on Wal erian degeneration is beneficial for early repair of perpheral nerve injury.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Tol-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist on Wal erian degeneration and axonal regeneration after early peripheral nerve injury in rats.
METHODS:Fifty male Wistar rats were recruited and randomly divided into treatment group (n=20), model group (n=20) and sham group (n=10). The right sciatic nerves of rats in treatment and model groups were cut and sutured end-to-end, while the sciatic nerves of rats in sham group were only exposed. In the treatment group rats were intravenously injected with 0.15 mg/kg TAK-242 via tail vein 1 hour preoperatively and 7 days postoperatively, and the rats in the other two groups were given intravenous injection of the same volume of normal saline. The sciatic nerves were removed at 24 hours, 3, 4 and 7 days after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Real-time PCR indicated that the mRNA expressions of interleukin-1βand monocyte chemoattractant-1 were significantly increased in the model group compared with the sham group at 24 hours after surgery (both P<0.001), while the expressions were significantly decreased after TAK-242 injection (both P<0.001). Immunofluorescence showed that compared with the model group, down-regulated expression of CD68+and iba1+cel s appeared in the treatment group at 3 days after surgery (P<0.01, P<0.05). Luxol fast blue staining revealed that demyelination at the sciatic nerve stump appeared in both model and treatment groups at postoperative 7 days, but myelin debris clearance in the treatment group was significantly reduced compared with the model group (P<0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that a lot of inflammatory cel s, Schwann cells and regenerated nerve fibers at the sciatic nerve stump were found in the model group, while there were few inflammatory cells, Schwann cel s and regenerated nerve fibers in the treatment group at 7 days after surgery. Immunohistochemistry found that the expression of growth-associated protein-43 in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the model group at 4 days postoperatively (P<0.05). Besides, compared with the model group, a significantly decreased sciatic functional index was found in the treatment group at 20, 30 and 40 days after surgery (P<0.05). These results show that TLR4 antagonists delay early nerve regeneration in rats after sciatic nerve injury probably by inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway.

In view of the difficulties and blind spots of western medicine, how to make scientific decisions to standardize the treatment of breast cancer in traditional Chinese medicine and improve the participation of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of breast cancer is an important focus of innovative breakthroughs in breast cancer treatment. Based on the clinical experience of Professor LIN Yi, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, and on the basis of "disease identification and syndrome differentiation", this paper summarizes and refines the status of qi and blood imbalance, accumulation of phlegm and blood stasis, viscera deficiency, and cold heat cementation in breast cancer, and further proposes the "six views" of breast cancer balanced treatment: the pathogenesis view focuses on "evil invasion due to vital qi deficiency, and the proliferation of tumors", and the pathogenesis view focuses on "cancer toxin and imbalance of yin and yang", the diagnostic view focuses on "examining the underlying factors and understanding the causes and effects", the differentiation view focuses on "balancing qi, blood, yin, and yang to achieve harmony", the therapeutic view focuses on "supporting vital qi and eliminating evil, and considering the root cause and syndromes", and the rehabilitation view focuses on "adjusting balance to maintain a stable state". We are committed to holistic syndrome differentiation and treatment, balancing yin, yang, qi, and blood, thereby harmonizing the internal environment of the human body, and mobilizing the immune and rehabilitation functions of the body.

Background and objective It has been proven that heparanase and Ki-67 had relationship with occur-rence and metastasis in lung cancer. The aim of this work was to investigate the expressions of heparanase and Ki-67 and to ex-plore their clinical significance and mutual relations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the heparanase and Ki-67expression in the routinely paraffin-embedded sections of surgical specimen of 70 cases with NSCLC and 20 ones with normal lung tissues. Results Heparanase and Ki-67 were highly expressed in lung cancer tissues (72.996 and 85.796) while negative in epithelia of normal lung tissues. The expression of heparanase was signifi-cantly correlated with TNM stage (P=0.044) and lymphatic metastasis (P=0.001). The expression of Ki-67 was significantly cor-related with tumor size (P=0.03) and histology type (P=0.001) and differentiation (P=0.01) and lymphatic metastasis (P=0.01) and TNM stage (P=0.043). The expression ofhaparanase and Ki-67 was no significant difference (P=0.323). Conclusion Hepa-ranase and Ki-67 were involved in the occurrence and development of lung cancer and they may predict patients prognosis, while the expression of heparanase and Ki-67 had no association with NSCLC, which may contribute to the different mechanisms involved in tumor occurrence and development.