The aim of this study was to design a simple, economic, with high Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR), preamplifier and multi-channel masticatory muscle surface electromyography (sEMG) signal acquisition system assisting to diagnose temporomandibular disorders (TMD). We used the USB interface technology in the EMG data with the aid of the windows to operate system and graphical interface. Eight patients with TMD and eight controls were analyzed separately using this system. In this system, we analyzed sEMG by an optional combination of time domain, frequency domain, time-frequency, several spectral analysis, wavelets and other special algorithms under multi-parameter. Multi-channel sEMG System of Masticatory Muscles is a simple, economic system. It has high sensitivity and specificity. The sEMG signals were changed in patients with TMD. The system would pave the way for diagnosis TMD and help us to assess the treatment effect. A novel and objective method is provided for diagnosis and treatment of oral-maxillofacial disease and functional reconstruction.
Algorithms ; Computer Graphics ; Data Collection ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Masticatory Muscles ; physiology ; physiopathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; diagnosis ; User-Computer Interface

Objective To investigate the androgen-like effects of Cordyceps sinensis (CS) and its impact on the radiosensitivity of VCaP prostate cancer cells.Methods The hormone levels and weight index of reproductive organs in mice were determined after gavage with CS.Clonogenic assay was performed to determine the impact of CS on the radiosensitivity of VCaP cells.The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5 (3-carboxymethonyphenol)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay,flow cytometry,and tumor xenografts in nude mice were performed to determine the effects of CS on the proliferation of VCaP cells (androgen receptor-positive) and PC-3 cells (androgen receptor-negative) in vitro and in vivo.Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in nude mice were evaluated.Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance or ttest.Results The testosterone level and weight of prostate in mice were significantly higher in the CS group than in the control group ((8.28± 1.94) vs.(2.08± 1.24) ng/ml,P=0.023;(0.53±0.04) vs.(0.31 ± 0.04) mg/g,P =0.006).The radiosensitivity enhancement ratio (ratio of D0 values) was 0.80.The viability of VCaP cells was significantly higher in the CS group than in the control group (1.32 ± 0.07 vs.0.66 ±0.02,P=0.000),and colony forming efficiency was significantly enhanced in the CS group than in the control group (57.0％ ± 1.9％ vs.47.0％ ± 0.6％,P =0.005).VCaP tumor xenografts in nude mice were inclined to grow faster in the CS group than in the control group,and the serum PSA level in the CS group was significantly higher than that in the control group ((0.66 ± 0.04) vs.(0.26 ±0.06) ng/ml,P =0.000).However,CS had no effect on PC-3 cells at the working concentration.Conclusions CS has the androgen-like effects.It may also promote the proliferation and reduce the radiosensitivity of androgen receptor-positive VCaP cells.

Appendectomy involves several key concepts in the foundation course of operative surgery. So it is the best choice to test whether the students can be flexible in using and fully under-stand what they learned about the basic theories and skills of appendectomy. Changzheng Hospital applies Wechat-ald team-based learning and problem-based learning teaching in appendectomy-related courses by actively delivering messages with content of educational administration, basic knowledge, clinical images and videos to the micro-groups, achieving instantly efficient information dissemination and interactive communication. It breaks the shackles of traditional classroom in space and time, mo-bilizes students' enthusiasm for learning, enhances their communicational skills and sense of team-work and improves students' comprehensive analysis and practical ability, therefore achieving better teaching results.

Background The incidence and progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy is related to a disturbance of the retrobulbar hemodynamics.Compound anisodine is clinically applied for the treatment of ischemic ocular diseases.Objective To evaluate the effects of compound anisodine injection on the ocular blood flow of glaucoma patients.Methods Twenty-one patients with primary glaucoma were divided into the treatment group and the control group.The eyes of each patient in the treatment group were selected further into the treatment eye group (11 eyes with greater mean deviation [MD]) or the opposite eye group(11 eyes with lesser MD).One of the eyes of each patient in the control group with MD value were selected as control eyes (10 eyes).The treatment eye group received compound anisodine on the para-superficial temporal artery via subcutaneous injection once a day for 2 treatment periods (each period equals 14 days,with 7 days intermittent between periods,totally 35 days) in addition to routine treatment.The retrobulbar blood flow,optic disc data,refraction error,visual field and intraocular pressure were measured in 3 time points:Before treatment period (baseline test),one day after treatment period (the 1st postreatment test) and 35 days after treatment period (the 2nd posttreatment test).Results Compared with the control group,the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) of short posterior ciliary artery (SPCA) of the treatment eye group were relatively increased significantly in the 1st posttreatment test (P =0.017,0.028),the PSV of SPCA of the opposite eye group was relatively increased significantly in the 1 st posttreatment test (P =0.049),the EDV of central retinal artery (CRA) of the opposite eye group was relatively increased significantly in the 2nd posttreatment test (P =0.035).In contrast to the treatment eye group,the inferior quadrant RNFL thickness of the optic disc decreased significantly in the 2nd posttreatment test in the control group (P =0.009),the 6 o'clock RNFL thicknesses of the optic disc decreased significantly in the 1 st posttreatment test in the control group (P =0.014),and the 6 o'clock and 7 o'clock RNFL thicknesses of the optic disc decreased significantly in the 2nd posttreatment test in the control group (P =0.029,0.011).Conclusions The application of compound anisodine for the treatment of primary glaucoma relatively increases the PSV and EDV of SPCA.

AIM: To explore the effect of L-carnitine on nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 (NFATc3) in cardiomyocytes under H2O2 stimulation.METHODS: Primary cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells were stimulated by H2 O2 at concentration of 200μmol/L for 12 h to induce oxidative stress injury.In treatment group, L-carni-tine and cyclosporin A ( CsA) , a specific inhibitor of calcineurin ( CaN) , were administered 30 min prior to H2 O2 stimula-tion.After treatment, total, cytoplasmic and nuclear NFATc3 protein levels were determined by Western blotting.The method of immunofluoresence was used to evaluate the distribution of NFATc3.RESULTS: H2 O2 treatment produced no effect on the expression of total NFATc3, but caused its translocation from the cytosolic to nuclear compartment, which was greatly blunted by L-carnitine pretreatment.CONCLUSION:L-carnitine antagonized oxidative stress injury via alleviating NFATc3 nuclear translocation.

Objective To understand the prevalence and cause of eye diseases in the middle and old aged population in community was of important significance for the prevention and treatment of relevant diseases.The present study attempts to survey the prevalence of common eye diseases and conditions of blindness and low vision in 50 years and older population in community of Beijing.MethodsThis was an ophthalmologic epidemiology survey.The 2 833 target population was included and registered in Western Chang'an street community in door-to-door and questionnaire manner between October,2006-October,2007.Multiple factors,such as demography,general conditions,lifestyles,education degree,economical status,medical status and the awareness of relevant ophthalmic knowledge of participants were recorded and evaluated.Relevant eye examinations including uncorrected visual acuity,pinhole visual acuity,non-contact intraocular pressure test,slit-lamp,funduscopy and optometry examinations were performed in Beijing No.2 Hospital by trained ophthalmologists.Blindness and low vision were evaluated based on WHO criteria.The causes of leading-blindness and low vision were analyzed.Oral informed consent was obtained from all of the subjects.Results2 410 individuals of 2 833≥50-year-old participants received complete surveys according to the designed process in this study with an examined rate of 85.07%.The incidence of blindness and low vision in examinees was 0.79% and 5.64% respectively.The positive factors related to blindness and low vision appeared to be age,education and an awareness of relevant ophthalmic knowledge (χ~2=26.62,18.28,21.32,P＜0.001).The primary causes of blindness in examined population,in order,were cataract,glaucoma and retinopathy,and those of low vision were cataracts,refractive error and diabetic retinopathy.ConclusionIt is emphasized that early prevention and treatment for cataract,glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy and refractive errors can reduce the prevalence of blindness and low vision in people over 50 years in the Western Chang'an street community of Beijing.

Objective: To explore the association between genetic polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C (950T/C) and rs2073618G/C(1181G/C) in the osteoprotegerin gene and cardiovascular disease with meta-analysis. Methods: A computer-based search for the study of relationship between genetic polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C in the osteoprotegerin gene and cardiovascular disease were performed in electronic databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, supplemented by manual search, from the beginning of library to February 28, 2017. The quality of the included studies were assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) scoring system. Data were analyzed using STATA 12.0 software. Results: Eleven clinical case-control studies that enrolled 2 115 patients with cardiovascular disease and 1 467 healthy subjects were included.The results indicated that osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C might be closely associated with the susceptibility to cardiovascular disease(rs2073617T/C allele model: OR=0.79, 95%CI 0.73-0.87, P=0.001;rs2073618G/C M allele and W allele: OR=0.83, 95%CI 0.74-0.92, P=0.001). The osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C were significantly related to the incidence of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome(coronary artery disease allele model: OR=0.83, 95%CI 0.75-0.92, P=0.001; acute coronary syndrome allele model: OR=0.73, 95%CI 0.62-0.85, P<0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between the genetic polymorphisms of these two sites and the lesion vessel number of coronary artery (rs2073617T/C allele model:OR=1.00, 95%CI 0.81-1.24, P=0.985;rs2073618G/C allele model:OR=0.98, 95%CI 0.80-1.21, P=0.626). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction(PCR-LDR) evidenced the association between osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular disease(allele model: OR=0.79, 95%CI 0.72-0.86, P<0.001), but no obvious relationship was found with fluorogenic quantitative detection and molecularprobe(allele model: OR=0.86, 95%CI 0.65-1.12, P=0.263). Conclusion This meta-analysis indicates that the osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms of rs2073617T/C and rs2073618G/C may be closely related to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficiency and effects on prognosis of thalidomide for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) with or without extramedullary disease.Methods The clinical features and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed in 132 patients.Analyze the efficiency of thalidomide and its effects on prognosis of MM patients with or without extramedullary disease.Results The median age of 132 patients was 59 years (28-83 years),52 patients (39.4 ％) had extramellulary multiple myeloma (EM),other 80 patients (60.6 ％) were without EM at diagnosis.The estimate overall survival (OS) of patients with EM was 42.5 months,compared with 54.3 months in those without EM,the difference was statistically significant (P =0.004).Patients accepting thalidomide therapy had a longer estimate OS than those without thalidomide therapy (50.7 months vs 41.2 months,P =0.01).For patients with EM,whether take thalidomide or not have no effect on the prognosis,the difference was not statistically significant (39.7 months vs 38.5 months,P =0.491).While for those without EM,the prognosis for patients who take thalidomide was better than that did not take thalidomide (54.6 months vs 41.2 months,P =0.027).Log-rank univariate analysis showed that accompanied with EM (P =0.004),the proportion of plasma cells≥20 ％ (P =0.02),Hb≤110 g/L (P =0.041),β2-MG ≥ 5.5 mg/L (P =0.018) and without thalidomide therapy (P =0.01) were poor prognostic factors.Multivariate analysis with COX model showed extramedullary disease,β2-MG and the proportion of plasma cells were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Patients with EM showed aggressive and complicated prognosis.Thalidomide does not improve the prognosis of patients with EM and they may need combination therapy such as bortezomib or autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Platelet is an important component of human blood, which plays a key role in the physiological and pathological processes. Recently, novel drug delivery system based on platelet and platelet membrane bionics attracted much attention. Compared to the traditional drug carriers, platelet and platelet membrane-based biomimetic drug delivery system has great performances in biocompatibility, longer circulation and stronger ability of targeting. This review presented the features, classifications, drug-loading and applications of platelet and platelet membrane-based biomimetic drug delivery systems, promoting their development and application in the future.

OBJECTIVEWe propose a new iterative reconstruction method based on split-Bregman method with tight frame regularization for effective and accurate reconstruction of the sparse-view cone beam CT image.

METHODSA tight frame was chosen as the regularization term for the objective function, so that the image reconstruction involves only the minimization of an objective function according to the compressed sensing theory. We utilized the split-Bregman method to tackle the task of minimization in three steps: (1) a fast calculation of the forward projection matrix; (2) introducing an intermediate variable to transform the non-differentiated L1 regularization term into the differentiated L2 regularization problem, and solving the target function using conjugate-gradient method; (3) updating the intermediate variable using shrinkage formula from Bregman method.

RESULTSDigital and physical phantom experimental results suggested that our new approach had great advantages in terms of image quality, reconstruction time, and applicability.

CONCLUSIONThe proposed method can accurately reconstruct CBCT image with limited data to lower the X-ray dose and accelerate the calculation speed in comparison with the POCS method.