China is one of the countries where the prevalence rate of endemic fluorosis is very high.There are about one hundred million people suffering fluorosis.Many researchers are paying more and more attention to this field.Recently,some researches indicated that particular nutrients can influence fluorosis.This article reviewed the relationship between intake of protein and energy,mineral,vitamin and the occurrence and sequelae of fluorosis.

Aim To investigate the effects of propofol and lidocaine on P2X7-gated currents and the interaction of both drugs.Methods RAW2647 macrophages were cultured,whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the P2X7-gated currents induced by ATP with two times EC50 level under 1~100 ?mol?L-1 propofol or 10~1 000 ?mol?L-1 lidocaine. Then,propofol of IC50 level and lidocaine with 10~1 000 ?mol?L-1 were administered,and the P2X7-gated currents were recorded.Results Propofol and lidocaine could inhibit P2X7-gated currents in a concentration-dependent manner,and the IC50 level was (36.5?5.3) ?mol?L-1 and (223?34) ?mol?L-1,respectively. Lidocaine with high concentration (300 ?mol?L-1,1 000 ?mol?L-1) following the administration of propofol of EC50 level could increase the P2X7-gated currents(P

Objective To investigate the effects of nicardipine,urapidil,and esmolol on baroreflex sensitivity(BRS) in patients with essential hypertension(EH) during induction of general anesthesia.Methods EH patients were divided into four groups,who were given nicardipine 0.5μg/kg(group N,15 cases),urapidil 0.5 mg/kg(group U,16 cases),esmolol 0.25 mg/kg(group E,16 cases)or normal saline (group C,15 cases)at 2 min before induction.The induction of general anesthesia was performed with the same drugs.Sodium nitroprusside 50-100 μg was administered tomake systolic pressure(SBP)decreased by 15-25 mm Hg at different time points of before induction,before incubation,at 5,10,15,20 and 30 rain after intubation.The RR intervel on ECG was recor(ded and BRS was calculated during hypotensive period.Results BRS was reduced in groups of N,U and C after intubation compared with that before(P<0.05 or P<0.01),which was lower in grouP N than that in group C,but was higher in group E than that in group C at all time points(P<0.05).Conclusion The induction of general anesthesia may reduce BRS in EH patients.which is aggravatedby preinjection of nicardipine.Urapidil has no effect on BRS,but esmolol may increase BRS during induction of general anesthesia.

0.05). In the field of side effects,especially EPS,weight gain,lactation and menstrual disorders,aripiprazole was significantly lower than risperidone(P

Objective To know the role of inhibitor of DNA binding 2(Id2) in the development of neural stem cells(NSCs) in the anterior subventricular zone(SVZa). Methods To examine the expression of Id2 in SVZa,rostral migratory stream(RMS) and olfactory bulb(OB) in E14,P0,P7,P14,P30 adult and old rat brains by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results The expression of Id2 peaked at the area of RMS,and was less positive in SVZa and the least in OB at different time courses of developing rat brains.The expression of Id2 in the three areas in E14 were higher than that on the postnatal day,higher in OB and RMS in adult than that on P0,and remain high in old.However,the expression of Id2 in SVZa in adult was weaker than that on P0.Conclusion The expression of Id2 in the deveolpment of SVZa NSCs indicates that Id2 plays an important role in blocking the differentiation of SVZa NSCs and increasing the proliferation of SVZa NSCs.

Objective To evaluate the impact of triglyceride(TG) on the severity and the extent of coronary artery stenosis.Methods Ninety-three cases of young patients(below 45 years old, with or without hypertriglyeeridemia)underwent pereutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into three groups according to TG levels:I group(TG<1.70 mmol/L,36 cases),II group(1.70 mmol/L≤TG≤2.25 mmol/L,19 cases),III group(TG>2.25 mmol/L,38 cases).The severity of coronary artery stenosis and the extent Was compared among the three groups.Results In all patients, the male and the smoker occupied the overwhelming majority[94.62%(88/93),83.87%(78/93)].Total cholesterol(TC),non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)in III group were higher than those in I group with statistical significance(P=0.006,0.003).There were no significant difference among the three groups in low density lipopmtein cholesterol(LDL-C),HDL-C,fasting blood glncose(P=0.648,0.795,0.247).There were no significant difference among the three groups in extent of coronary artery and severity of coronary artery stenosis(P=0.241,0.879).Conclusions There is no significant difference among the three groups in severity of coronary artery stenosis and extent of coronary artery.Hypertriglyeeridemia ian't the determiner on severity of coronary heart disease.

To investigate the effect of thiopental sodium on the release of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from synaptosomes in the prefrontal cortex, synaptosomes were made, the spontaneous release and the evoked release by 30 mmol/L KCl or 20 micromol/L veratridine of glutamate and GABA were performed under various concentrations of thiopental sodium (10-300 micromol/L), glutamate and GABA concentrations were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Our results showed that spontaneous release and evoked release of glutamate were significantly inhibited by 30 micromol/L, 100 micromol/L and 300 micromol/L thiopental sodium, IC50 of thiopental sodium was 25.8 +/- 2.3 micromol/L for the spontaneous release, 23.4 +/- 2.4 micromol/L for KCl-evoked release, and 24.3 +/- 1.8 micromol/L for veratridine-evoked release. But GABA spontaneous release and evoked release were unaffected. The study showed that thiopental sodium with clinically related concentrations could inhibit the release of glutamate, but had no effect on the release of GABA from rats prefrontal cortical synaptosomes.
Glutamic Acid/*metabolism ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/pharmacology ; Prefrontal Cortex/*metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synaptosomes/*metabolism ; Thiopental/*pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*metabolism

Objective:To analyze the application of antidepressants in our hospital in order to provide some reference for clinical rational drug use.Method:The antidepressants used in our hospital from 2006 to 2008 were classified by construction and mechanism and statistically analyzed in DDDs frequency.Result:Among the antidepressants used in our hospital,SSRIs were first-choice drugs,and venlafaxin of SNRIs dominated the first place in terms of use frequency and amount. Conclusion:Antidepressants used in our hospital were basically rational.

Objective To study the relationships between sperm morphology and sperm vitality,sperm viability.Methods The sperm morphology and the sperm vitality were analyzed by automated sperm morphology analyzer(ASMA) and the sperm viability was analyzed using eosin staining.Results The normal morphology sperm rate of abnormal vitality group was lower than that of normal vitality group(P

Objective To assess the cleaning effect of central air conditioning ventilation systems. Methods During 2006—2007, the quality of 15 central air conditioning ventilation systems from 5 hotels in Tianjin were assessed before and after cleaning and disinfection. Results Before the central air conditioning ventilation systems being cleaned and disinfected, the medians of the dust in central air conditioning ventilation system, the aerobic bacterial counts in dust, the fungus counts in dust, the aerobic bacterial count in ventilation system, and the PM10 were 60.67 g/m2, 40 cfu/m2, 14 cfu/m2, 1 074 cfu/m3, 304 cfu/m3 and 0.09 mg/m3 respectively. After that, the medians were 0.26 g/m2, 0 cfu/m2, 0.2 cfu/m2, 219 cfu/m3, 121 cfu/m3 and 0.07 mg/m3 respectively. The eligible rates were 20%(3/15), 87.8%(36/41), 82.9%(34/41), 18.3%(11/60), 66.7%(40/60) and 65.7%(23/35) before the systems being cleaned and disinfected, by comparison, they were 100%(15/15), 100%(41/41), 100%(41/41), 91.7%(55/60), 96.7%(58/60) and 100%(35/35) after being cleaned and disinfected. Before the systems being cleaned and disinfected, the eligible rates of hemolytic streptococcus in ventilation systems, Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensed water were 100%(39/39), 80%(4/5) and 100%(5/5), after that, they were all 100%. Conclusion Cleaning and disinfecting is an effective way to improve the hygiene quality of central air conditioning ventilation systems. For protecting the people health, central air conditioning ventilation systems should be cleaned and disinfected regularly.