Objective To study the anti-arrhythmia effect of crocetin and corresponding mechanism.Methods Animals (rats or guinea pigs) were randomly and equally divided into five groups:saline control group,positive drug control group,low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose crocetin group.Animals were anesthetized with urethane (1.2g/kg),then followed by the perfusion of aconitine (10?g/mL) through caudal vein in rats,or of ouabain (9?g/mL) through external jugular vain in guinea pigs in a constant velocity of 0.1mL/min,and the emergence time of ventricular fibrillation (VF),ventricular extrasystole (VE),ventricular tachycanlia (VT) and cardiac arrest (CA) were then detected and recorded.The recorded time was then translated to the cumulated amount of aconitine and ouabain.Experimental arrhythmia was induced by rapid injection of 4% CaCl2 (140mg/kg),and the emergence time,persistence time,incidence and death of arrhythmia after the administration were observed.Results Compared with the animals in saline control group,obvious anti-arrhythmia effects of crocetin were observed in those animals in each of crocetin groups (P

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of warm needling moxibustion in treating irritable bowel syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency type and explore the mechanism of its action.Methods Ninety-two patients with irritable bowel syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency type were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 46 cases each. The same acupoints were selected in the two groups. The treatment group received warm needling moxibustion and the control group, conventional acupuncture. The abdominal overall symptom grading score was observed before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results The total efficacy rate was 95.6% in the treatment group and 77.8% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). In the two groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the abdominal overall symptom grading score at the end of treatment and two months of follow-up compared with before treatment (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the Hamilton Depression Scale score at the end of treatment and two months of follow-up between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). In the control group, there was a statistically significant difference in the abdominal overall symptom grading score at two months of follow-up compared with the end of treatment (P<0.05).Conclusion Warm needling moxibustion is an effective way to treat irritable bowel syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency type.

Objective This study was to observe the effects of different test conditions on the qualitative and quantitative detection of cryoglobulin .Methods We prepared 5 blood samples of different types of cryoglobulinemia . We detect the cryoglobulin qualitatively and quantitatively at different temperatures (37 ℃and room temperature of 20-25 ℃), and with different observation time (3 days and 7 days) and with different amount of blood (5 ml and 20 ml) .Further we will categorize the type of cryoglobulin and detect the components of cryoglobulin by immunofixation electrophoresis ( IFE) and other laboratory tests.Results (1) Blood samples from two groups were clotting and the serums were separated at 37 ℃ and room temperature respectively , and cryoglobulins of two groups were all qualitatively positive . Quantitative detection of cryoglobulins showed that the concentrations of cryoglobulins of room temperature group are lower than that of 37℃group;(2) Compared with 7 days, observing for only 3 days may lead to false-negative results in qualitative detection of cryoglobulin , and concentrations of cryoglobulin are also decreased;(3) Compared with 20 ml blood sample,5 ml blood sample is not enough for qualitative and quantitative detection of cryoglobulins .It may lead to false-negative results;(4) After purification, IFE and other laboratory tests can be used to categorize the types and find the components of cryoglobulins .Such examinations are helpful for finding the potential causes of cryoglobulinemia .Conclusions The positive of serum cryoglobulin is a key indicator of cryoglobulinemia .Detection of cryoglobulin can be affected by temperature, observed time and the blood volume for measurement .In addition, IFE and other laboratory tests are helpful for finding the type and the components of cryoglobulin .

Objective To explore whether the glomerular podocytes can be damaged by aristolochic acid. Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were equally divided into the following 2 groups:model group in which the rats received the extract of Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom (AmK) by gavage; control group only received tap water by gavage.24 h urinary protein excretion was measured at the end of the 1st and 4th week,and SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis was performed to detect the protein in urine.At the end of the 4th week,all the rats were sacrificed and the glomeruli were isolated by laser capture microdissection technique.The mRNA expression of nephrin,podocin,CDA2P,podocalyxin and podoplanin in isolated glomeruli was determined by RT-PCR,and the average width of glomerular foot process was measured by electron microscopy and image analysis. Results At the end of the 4th week,24 h urinary protein excretion in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.01) and the urinary albumin content in model group was also obviously increased.The average width of glomerular foot process in the model group was significantly larger than that in control group (P＜0.01).The mRNA expressions of nephrin,podocin,CDA2P,podocalyxin and podoplanin in glomeruli were significantly down-regulated in the model group compared with the control group,which decreased by 34％,62％,56％,50％(P＜0.01) and 27％ (P＜0.05),respectively. Conclusions Aristolochic acid can damage the glomerular podocytes,resulting in the down-regulation of nephrin,podocin,CD2AP,podoplanin and podocalyxin mRNA expression, the segmental widening of foot process, and increased urinary protein excretion.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis measures and treatment methods of white line hernia. Methods Analyze the clinical data of 12 cases of white line hernia who were treated by surgery. We performed peritoneal adipose tissue before resection on hernia without hernial sac type. And for those with hernial sac type, apothesis of material in hernia were firstly made, then ligated the hernia sac neck and resection were made. Then according to the white line defect size, we used pure involution suture and Onlay without tension patch repair to repair defect in the white line. Results Surgery of all the 12 cases were successful. 2 cases of them merged postoperative renal dysfunction and infection, and after hemodialysis and anti-infection treatment, they both recoverd well without recurrence. Conclusion There is no spe-cific symptoms and signs in white line hernia, but incarceration and strangulation may cause life threaten, so we should pay more attention to it. For symptomatic, large, difficult, incarcerated or strangulated white line hernia,we should take timely surgical treatment.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of moving cupping in the anterior cervical region plus bloodletting in treating acute pharyngitis.Method Thirty-six patients with acute pharyngitis were randomized into two groups, 18 cases each. The treatment group was intervened by moving cupping in the anterior cervical region plus bloodletting at Tiantu (CV22), and the control group was intervened by oral administration of Pu Di Lanoral liquid. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by using the acute pharyngitis symptoms grading scale, and the adverse reactions in the treatment group were also observed.Result The two treatment methods were both effective, and the between-group difference in comparing the total effective rate was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed a swifter action; pharyngeal pain, dry and burning sensations in pharynx, and mucus congestion were effectively improved, the disease duration was shortened, and there were no adverse reactions in the treatment group.Conclusion Moving cupping in the anterior cervical region plus bloodletting can effectively mitigate the sufferings of the patients with acute pharyngitis without producing any adverse reactions.

Objective To evaluate the function of afferent neuronal pathways (ANP) from the lower urinary tract (LUT) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) by use of sympathetic skin response (SSR). Methods Twenty-one patients with SCI (13 cases of incomplete injury, and 8 cases of complete injury) were recruited as a SIC group and 8 healthy volunteers as a control group. SSRs of all subjects were evoked by means of electrical stimulation (ES) of the median nerve and perineal region,as well as bladder filling (BF), while SSRs of the right palm and sole were recorded using surface electrodes. Results SSRs induced by ES of the median nerve and perineal region, and also by BF in the control group were recorded. SSRs of palms and soles could be recorded by using ES of the median nerve in patients with incomplete SCI, who had desire to void. However, SSRs could not be evoked in 3 of 13 patients with incomplete SCI but without sensation of perineal skin. In 8 patients with complete SCI but without sensation of trunk skin and bladder, SSRs of palms and soles could not be induced during ES of the median nerve if injuries were located over T_3, and SSRs of palms were recorded when the injuries were located between T_(4~9), while SSRs of palms and soles were evoked if injuries were located under T_(10). However, SSRs of palms and soles could not be evoked by ES of perineal region and BF in all patients. Conclusion SSRs, evoked by BF, could concord with the subjective sensation of the subjects from the LUT, and reflect the integrity of ANP from LUT. There is difference between somatosensory and viscerosensory ANP.

Objective To investigate the application of sympathetic skin response (SSR) in evaluation of the bladder sensation with fillingcystometry (FC). Methods 15 healthy male adults accepted FC and FC-SSR. Their first desire to void capability (FDC), maximum cystometriccapacity (MCC) and FDC/MCC under FC and FC-SSR were compared. Results The FDC was (193.8±36.9) ml and FDC/MCC was(58.9±8.03) with FC, which was less than (233.9±30.3) ml and (69.4±2.92) respectively with FC-SSR (P<0.01). Conclusion FC-SSR maybe a stable method for examination the function of bladder sensation.

Objective To study the value of CT combined with immune tests for the diagnosis of cerebral schistosomiasis.Methods The data of 24 patients with cerebral schistosomiasis were collected and analyzed retrospectively,and all the patients were examined with CT and serum IHA and ELISA and,in addition,18 patients had the data of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)IHA and ELISA.Results Twenty-one patients were diagnosed through CT and immune tests,one patients was diagnosed by postoperative pathology,and other two patients were proved by diagnostic therapy with praziquantel.Conclusion CT combined with immune tests has an important value for the diagnosis of cerebral schistosomiasis,and serum immune tests are more simple and more practical than CSF immune tests.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy,safety and recent curative effects of delta-shaped anastomosis in totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (ICBI) for gastric carcinoma.Methods Literatures in English and Chinese comparing ECBI and ICBI published up to November 2015 were searched from international and national online databases.Meta-analysis was conducted by Review Manager 5.3 soft ware.Results There are eleven studies involved,with 2020 gastric cancer patients,including,1 169 ECBI cases and 851 ICBI cases.Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant statistical differences between ECBI group and ICBI group in operative time,resection margin length,overall postoperative complications and anastomosis-related complications.(all P ＞ 0.05).When compared to ECBI,the estimated blood loss was significantly less in ICBI,and ICBI with more retrieved lymph nodes,faster recovery of gastrointestinal function,less use of painkiller and shorter postoperative hospital stay (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ICBI is safe and feasible in treatment of gastric cancer,and has a good short-term effect.