The urine formed elements staining is of importance for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of urine system diseases. In this article, we describe several kinds of improved staining techniques, such as cytochemistry staining, fluorescent staining and textile dye staining. The prospect of urine formed elements staining technology is also described.

There have been few reports of acute leukemia predenting with a hypocellular bone marrow. Our institution, from 1977 to 1986, reviewed 9 cases of hypoplasfic acute leukemia (HAL). We concluded that HAL was similar to as well as different from dysmyclopoietic syndrom (MDS), smouldering acute leukemia(SAL) and oligoblastic leukemia(OBL). It was suggested that the diagnostic crieria of HAL were (1), The patients of no treatment had local hypocellularity of bone marrow, and had more than 30% blasts and promyelocytes of immaturocytes on bone marrow aspirate smears; (2), The patients had hypocellularity at presentation on trephine biopsy. We proposed that the names of SAL and OBC be called off.

Objective Ritodrine hydrochloride(RH) combined with radix salviae mihiorrhisa(RSM) is ap- plied to treat fetal growth ristriction(FGR). Curative effect was recorded during observation. Methods 62 pregnant women with slowly growing fetuses were divided into two groups randomly. Group A(test group) :including 31 preg- nant women who received RH combined with RSM treatment. Group B(control group) :including the other 31 preg- nant women who only received RSM treatment. Group B received 250ml of fat emulsion injection. One time every three days within one week. At the same time,gronp B also received injection of 500ml 10 % dextrose, coenzyme A 100U ,ATP 40mg,vitamin C 2g,dextran-40 and compound salvia injection 10ml one time a day,ten days in all. Be- sides the above-mentioned medicament for group B, group A received RH 100ml injection every day. Ten days was a period of treatment. After the treatment, uterine height, abdominal circumference, weight were measured and bipari- etal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference were checked by B-type ultrasonic inspection. After birth,weight of the baby and weight of placenta were measured too. Results Measurement indexes from group A, weight of the new-born baby and weight of placenta are obviously higher than those from group B. Conclusion RH combined with RSM can obviously extend blood vessel, loose placenta, improve blood circulation, accelerate cell metabolism, make microeirculation better, reduce permeability of capillary vessel, keep placenta's function and help foetus' growth.

Objective To compare the survival of isolated chromaffin cells with that of adrenal medullary pieces implanted into the subarachnoid space .Methods Forty male Sprague Dawley rats, 180 220g, were randomly allocated to be implanted into the subarachnoid space with the homologous adrenal medullary pieces washed with PBS(group A,n=20) or the isolated chromaffin cells 5?107 in 10?l suspension (group B,n=20), respectively, after the implants were in vitro cultured in three days . The thermal threshold was determined before ,5 and 10 weeks after the transplantation. Five or ten weeks after the transplantation, 6 rats of either group were randomly selected to obtain the adrenal medullary grafts from the subarachnoid space or the sediments of cerebrospinal fluid ,observed with an electron microscopy.Results Five weeks after transplantation, the thermal threshold in both groups increased markedly,but without significant difference between them ,and there were intact chromaffin cells in the sections of both groups. Ten weeks after the operation, the thermal threshold in group A decreased to basaline, and was significantly lower than in group B; no intact chromaffin cells were found ,with the infiltration of a large number lymphocytes in the sections of group A , and in the sections of group B, the intact chromaffin cells were found with the infiltration of lymphocytes in lower amount and density. Conclusions The isolated chromaffin cells implantation is superior to the adrenal medulla pieces implantation for analgesia.

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise on the expression of synapotophysin around hemotomas after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods Ninety-five male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 270 to 300 g were divided into 3 groups: a trial group (ICH-induction and exercise, n = 20), a control group ( ICH-in-duction only, n =20) and a sham-operation group (no ICH and no exercise, n = 20). The rats' brains were re-moved at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the operation. The other 35 rats were divided into 7 groups (6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h after ICH, no ICH and normal ). The activation of synapotophysin was measured by immunohis-tochemical techniques. The rats in the trial group begin cage-running exercise at 72 h after the operation. The oth-ers lived in standard cages. Results Synapotophysin-positive cells were seen in the tissues around the hematomas and in the cortex. There was no synapotophysin expression in the centres of the hematomas. The number of synapo-tophysin-positive cells in ICH group was significantly less than in the sham-operation and normal groups from 6 h to 24 h after the operation. There was then a gradual increase again from 48 h onwards until the 28th day after the op-eration. The trial group had the largest increases in expression. There was a significant difference compared with the control group. Compared with the sham operated group, the trial and control groups showed very significant differences. Conclusion The results suggest that synapotophysin is involved in neuron plasticity after ICH, but exercise training (cage-running) can accelerate the expression of synapotophysin, thereby improving functional re-covery.

Objective To investigate the carotid arterial stiffness in patients with coronary slow flow ( CSF) .Methods forty-five patients with CSF and Forty -five persons having normal coronary arteries ( NCA) detected by coronary angiography with a similar distri-bution of risk factors were recruited .Stiffness parameter (β), pressure-strain elastic modulus (Ep), arterial compliance (AC) and lo-cal pulse-wave velocity (PWV) were obtained at the level of bilateral carotid artery by a real time echo -tracking system.Serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP) were measured in two groups of subjects .Linear regression analysis were performed to evaluate the correlation between hs -CRP and the parameters of the carotid artery stiffness .Results We found that stiffness parameter (β), Ep and PWV were significantly higher in CSF group those that of control group (β:11.80 ±3.19 vs 9.70 ±3.76,P<0.01;Ep:149.90 ±44.47 vs 130.10 ±41.56,P<0.05;PWV:7.40 ±0.84 vs 7.00 ±1.08,P<0.05), AC was lower than that of control group (0.640 ±0.180 vs 0.760 ±0.192 ,P<0.01).The levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was significantly higher in CSF group than that of control group (13.90 ±10.66 vs 9.30 ±6.33,P<0.05).The levels of hs-CRP was positively correlated with theβ(r=0.272,P=0.005), Ep(r=0.411,P=0.003), and PWV(r=0.452,P=0.001), but negatively correlated with AC (r=-0.293,P=0.025).Conclusion Echo-tracking technology is a simple practical method to evaluate carotid artery stiffness in patients with CSF and correlation well with coronary slow flow and artery stiffness .

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of microwave ablation combined with dendritic cell (DC) tumor vaccine on a murine breast cancer model and to explore its immunological mechanism.Methods Forty-eight Balb/c mice were used to establish models of mouse mammary carcinoma,and then randomly divided into a sham-operation group,a microwave ablation treated group,a DC tumor vaccinated group and a microwave ablation plus DC tumor vaccinated group.Microwave ablation was conducted with the microwave ablation group on day 14 after establishing the model.DC tumor vaccination was performed on day 7 in the vaccinated group.In the microwave ablation plus DC tumor vaccinated group,DC tumor vaccination and microwave ablation were consecutively performed on days 7 and 14,respectively.Tumor growth,lung metastasis and survival were observed.The proportion of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in splenocytes were analyzed by fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) on the 14th day after microwave ablation.Serum levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were also detected using ELISA.Results The survival time (56.4 ± 4.3 days),tumor size (67.3 ± 6.1 mm2) and lung metastasis index (0.6 ± 0.4) in the microwave ablation plus DC tumor vaccinated group were all significantly lower than the corresponding averages in the microwave ablation and DC tumor vaccinated group.The proportions of splenic CD3 + T cells (27.8 ±10.3 ％) and CD4+ T cells (16.7 ± 8.3 ％) in the microwave ablation plus DC tumor vaccinated group were significantly larger than in the control group.Average serum levels of IFN-γ (41.8 ± 22.9 pg/ml) in the microwave ablation plus DC tumor vaccinated group were also significantly larger than in the control group,while the average serum level of IL-4 (15.4± 6.4 pg/ml) was significantly lower.Conclusions Microwave ablation and DC tumor vaccination together could have synergistic effects in treating experimental breast cancer,which might be closely related to the enhanced immune response.

Objective To explore the influence and treatment methods of hysteromyoma pregnancy. Method Through case-control study on 116 cases of hysteromyoma pregnancy and the same number cases of normal pregnan-cy in the same period, in order to observe the outcome of two groups. Results There is no significant difference in the matter of amount of bleeding when hysteromyoma pregnant women give birth to their children, no matter how oper-ation group, non-surgical group and control group(P > 0.05); but there is significant difference between non-surgical group and control group(P <0.05), and in the field of asphyxia neonatorum rate, there is no significant difference in all groups(P > 0.05). Conclusions The amount of bleeding in hysteromyoma pregnant women are more than vagi-nal delivery non-hysteromyoma women. It suggests that myomectomy won' t increase the amount of bleeding when doctors give the hysteromyoma women caesarean section at the same time. And the difficulty of surgery won' t signifi-cantly increase when compared to non-pregnancy and pregnancy.

Objective To discuss the effect of C-reactive protein(CRP)levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes meatus(GDM).Methods To select 96 GDM women with 75 grams oral slum tolerance test(OGTF)and 64 pregnant women with impaired gluccose tolerance(IGT)respectively,and choose 160 normal pmgnant women with normal slucose tolerance(NGT)randomly as control group,then observe their serum CRP level at the same time.Results The serum CRP level in GDM group was significantly higher than IGT group and control group (P＜0.05).The sermn CRP level is positively related with pre-pregnancy body mass irdex(BMI),fasting bloodslope and fasting insulin,and the correlation coefficients are 0.338,0.163 and 0.283 respectively,and P values are 0.00001,0.0169 and 0.0003 respectively.Conclusion The blood sertlm C-reactive protein is closely related to GDM and involved in the pathogenesis of GDM.

AIM: To study the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was produced by 10 min or 20 min occlusion of bilateral carotid arteries followed by 5 d or 1 d reperfusion in gerbils. Ninety-five gerbils were divided into 4 groups: sham-operation, ischemia-reperfusion, GbE 50 mg*kg-1 and GbE 100 mg*kg-1 groups. Drugs were given intragastrically 2 d prior to ischemia and during reperfusion. The effects of GbE on the contents of calcium, sodium, water in cortex, and lipid peroxide(LPO) in brain hemispheres, as well as the density of neuron in hippocampal CA1 sector were observed. RESULTS: GbE could reduce the increase of calcium, sodium, water content in a manner of dose-depedance. The dosage of GbE 100 mg*kg-1 could decrease the content of LPO and the mortality, increase the density of neuron in hippocampal CA1 sector. CONCLUSION: GbE has protective effects on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.