Objective:To construct an operating room equipment cloud model and improve the evidence theory management model,and to improve the efficiency of operating room equipment management.Methods:The evaluation index system of operating room equipment using efficiency was constructed,and the evaluation and management of operating room equipment was carried out based on the cloud model and the optimization method of improved evidence theory.A total of 40 operating room instruments and equipment in clinical use in Huangshan Shoukang Hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were selected and managed using the conventional management model and the cloud model and improved evidence theory management model(referred to as the improved evidence model)according to different management modes,with 20 units in each mode.The differences in the timeliness of equipment management,the defect rate of equipment management,and the increase in cost-effectiveness of equipment between the two management modes were compared.Results:The operating room equipment failure warning time,engineer maintenance time and equipment information push time using the improved evidence mode were(2.36±0.11)s,(4.25±1.25)d and(0.89±0.11)min,respectively,which were less than those of the conventional management mode,the difference was statistically significant(t=12.439,9.209,8.686,P<0.05).The proportions of equipment repacking error,equipment damage and equipment maintenance in operating room using improved evidence mode were 5%(1/20),5%(1/20)and 10%(2/20),respectively,which were lower than those of the conventional management mode,the difference was statistically significant(x2=7.025,8.533,7.619,P<0.05).The operating benefit,support cost,diagnosis and treatment fee and scientific research cost of operating room equipment using the improved evidence mode increased by(3.36±0.35)%,(4.25±0.87)%,(4.25±0.56)%and(4.11±0.56)%,respectively,which were higher than those of the conventional management mode,the difference was statistically significant(t=10.759,8.906,10.301,12.361,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of cloud model and improved evidence theory management mode in hospital operating room equipment management can realize centralized maintenance and management of operating room equipment,improve the efficiency of operating room equipment management,enhance the cost effectiveness of equipment application,and reduce the risk of equipment use.