Objective:To study the impacts of malocclusion on the oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL) of children.Methods:The study sample comprised 118 children seeking orthodontic treatment.Each participant of the children and parents was assessed by the orthodontic treatment need and OHRQoL using the index of orthodontic treatment need and Michigan-OHRQoL.Results:The objective impacts of the teeth to parents and children were consistent;parents evaluated higher than the children themselves in the subjective impacts of their teeth.The impacts were more influential on the children whose parents with higher income and the parents with higher education.Conclusion:Malocclusion affects the oral health related quality of life evaluated by both the children and their parents.

Objective Using quantitative real-time PCR to establish a rapid specific genetic diagnostic technique for Yersinia pestis.Methods ①Four sets of specific probes and primers were designed,which targeted to chromosome genes of YPO0392,YPO1094,YPO2087 and YPO2090,respectively.②The probes and primers were tested for stability and specificity with 40 strains of Yersinia pestis and 47 strains of non-Yersinia pestis of different sources in Yunnan.③Eight positive DNA in Yulong,Yunnan,were tested with the screened probes and primers.Results ①Two sets probes and primers were selected,they were targeting YPO0392 and YPO1094,respectively.②The results were all positive of the eight positive DNA samples tested.Conclusion Two sets of primers and probes are selected for rapid specific diagnosis of Yersinia pestis.

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of intra-articular Hydromorphone with Ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery.Methods 90 patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group R: 0.375% Ropivacaine 20ml; group H1: Hydromorphone 0.3 mg and 0.375 % Ropivacaine 20 ml; group H2: Hydromorphone 0.6 mg and 0.375 % Ropivacaine 20 ml. The visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest were recorded at 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after surgery, Duration of analgesia, number of patients and frequency requiring Parecoxib at 24 h after surgery were observed.Results Compared with group R, VAS of group H1 and group H2 were signiifcantly lower at 12 and 18h after the operation, duration of analgesia was much longer, number of patients and frequency requiring Parecoxib was lower in group H1 and H2 (P < 0.05); Compared with group H1, No signiifcant differences of VAS, duration of analgesia and number of patients and frequency requiring Parecoxib of group H2.Conclusions After knee arthroscopic surgery, intra-articular 0.3 mg Hydromorphone can signiifcantly improve the efifcacy of Ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia; the efifcacy of Hydromorphone can’t increased with the increase of dosage.

Objective:To explore the significance of detecting serum CRP,myocardial enzymes,liver function index in pediatric patients with rotavirus infectious diarrhea.Methods:110 pediatric patients with rotavirus infectious diarrhea and 85 age-matched patients with bacterial infectious diarrhea who were both treated in our hospital from January,2014 to May,2016 were enrolled in the present study.Another 20 healthy patients who had physical examination in our hospital were considered as control group.The differences of serum CRP,IL-6,hs-cTnT,CK,CL-MB,AST,ALT level and the incidence of parenteral injury were compared.Results:The incidence rate of lower respiratory tract infectivity,rash,myocardial damage and hepatic injury in RV group were significantly lower than the bacterial infectious group (P＜0.05),the level of serum CRP,IL-6 in RV group and bacterial infectious group were significantly higher than the control group,and those of RV group were significantly lower than bacterial infectious group (P ＜0.05);the level of hs-cTnT,CK,CL-MB,AST,ALT in RV group were significantly higher than bacterial infectious group and control group (P＜0.05),and those indexes of bacterial infectious group were no significantly differences compared with healthy control (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:The combined detection of serum CRP,myocardial enzyme and liver function indexes were of certain significance in the early distinguishing diagnosis of bacterial infectious diarrhea from rotavirus infectious diarrhea.

Objective To investigate and compare the killing effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT)induced by hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD),hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) and photocarcinorin (PsD007) on human leukemia cells K562 in vitro.Methods Human leukemia cells were cultured with serial concentrations of photosensitizers followed by irradiation of different dosage of laser light,then MTT colorimetric assay was applied to measure the relative survival rate of PDT for the cells.Results Significant difference in the inhibitory between the PDT group and control group was observed (P＜0.05).The survival rate of PDT for the cells elevated along with the increase in the concentration of sensitizer and dose of laser light.When the photosensitizer concentration was bigger (25 μg/ml) or the energy density was bigger (7.2 J/cm2),the effect of PsD007 was better than HMME,and they were significantly better than HpD (P＜0.05).Conclusion PDT has significant killing effect on human leukemia cells K562,and its relative inhibitory rate appears to be correlated with the dose of sensitizer and laser light irritation.The effect of PDT is related to the photosensitizers.The effect of HpD-PDT is not as effective as PsD007 and HMME.On the conditions of higher energy density and larger photosensitizer concentration,the effect of PsD007-PDT is better than HMME-PDT.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in Enterobacteriaceac in Chiha.Methods A total of 197 clinical isolates with ciprofloxacin≥0.25μg/ml,cefotaxime≥2.0μg/ml and ceftriaxone≥2.0 μg/ml were screened from the 421 non-repetitive clinical isolates of Enterobac teriaceae(Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Citrobacter freundii,and Enterobacter cloacae)from the nine teaching hospitals in China.qnrA,qnrB,qnrS and aac(6')-Ib gene were detected by PCR.aac(6')-Ib-cr gene was further identified by the digestion with BtsCI followed by sequencing.Conjugation experiments were done.The MIC of ciprofloxacin and other antibacterial agents in donor strain and acceptor strain were determined by agar dilution.Results Qnr was present in 42%(83/197)of isolares,and among these,17 isolates carried qnrA(9%),46 isolates carried qnrB(23%),24 isolates carried qnrS(12%),2 isolates carried qnrA and qnrB,and 2 isolates carried qnrB and qnrS.aac(6')-Ib was present in 46%(90/197)of isolates,40%(36/90)of which carried the cr variant responsible for low-level ciprofloxacin resistance.18 isolates carried qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr.Qnr wag present in 66% of Enterobacter cloacae isolates,66% of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates,63% of Citrobacter freundii isolates,and 6% of Escheriehia coil isolates,respectively,aac(6')-Ib-cr was present in 9% of Enterobacter cloacae isolates,22% of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates,27% of Citrohacter freundii isolates,and 17% of Escherichia coil isolates,respectively,qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr were present in 20% (83/421)and 9% (36/421) of all isolates respectively. The 13 transconjugants showed 16 to 125 fold increases in the MICs of ciprofloxacin and 16 to 31 fold increases in the MICs of levofloxacin relative to that of the recipient Conclusion Transferable plasmid-medlated low level quinolone resistance associated with qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr widely exists in the enterobacteriaceae strains and perhaps this may contribute to the rapid increase of bacterial resistance to quinolones in China.

BACKGROUND: Hippocampal neuron presents remarkably injury in cerebral after seizure of epilepsy. Necrosis and apoptosis are two kinds of neural cell injury after epilepsy and play an important role in neural injury of epilepsy. Being endogenous neural protective transmitter, adenosine may inhibit the release of excitatory amino acid, production of oxygenic free radical and action of nitric oxide. Simultaneously, it can improve cerebral blood flow and anti-convulsion. But it has been unknown concerning to the relationship between adenosine and cell apoptosis after epilepsy yet.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of 2-CAdo adenosine-receptor excitant on genetic expression of bcl-2, Bax of hippocampal cells in epileptic rats and further probe into the mechanism of adenosine on anti-convulsion and brain protection.DESIGN: Completely randomized controlled experimental research in which the experimental animals were taken as the objects.SETTING: Pediatrics department and general surgical department of one oil field general hospital, and pediatric internal department of a hospital affiliated to one university.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Experimental Zoology Departnent and Pathological Teaching & Research Department of Harbin Medical University from October 2002 to March 2003. Totally 104 Wistar rats of either sex were employed, weighing varied from 200 g to 250 g. The animals were randomly divided, named as normal group 8 rats, epileptic group 32 rats, epileptic & 2-CAdo group 32 rats, and epileptic & physiological saline group 32 rats.INTERVENTIONS: The animal epileptic model was set up by intra-abdominal injection of coriamyrtin 15 mg/kg(provided by Pathology Department of Harbin Medical University. Convulsion presented in all of rats, 5 minutes later after injection, lasting for 1 or 2 minutes. In epileptic & 2-CAdo group, 2-CAdo(provided by ICN company), 0.6 mg/kg, was injected from the vein on the tail 1 hour before coriamyrtin injection and 1 hour after convulsion respectively. In epileptic & physiological saline group, the physiological saline of equal dosage was injected from the vein on the tail 1 hour before coriamyrtin injection and 1 hour after convulsion respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Positive cell counts of bcl-2 and Bax genetic expression in hippocampal CA1 area.RESULTS: Twenty-four hours after epilepsy seizure, neural cell bcl-2 expression was increased in hippocampal CA1 area, was remarkably decreased in 48 hours, and the expression was only little amount in 72 hours, but it was increased again in 7 days. Bax expression began increased in 24 hours after epilepsy seizure, was significantly increased in 48 hours, reached the peak in 72 hours, the expression was the minimum in 7 days. In epileptic & 2-CAdo group, bcl-2 expressions at corresponding times were remarkably increased compared with epileptic group and epileptic & physiological saline group( P＜ 0.05), Bax expressions were remarkably decreased compared with epileptic group and epileptic & physiological saline group( P ＜ 0.05), indicating statistical significance.CONCLUSION: 2-CAdo can reduce apoptosis of hippoeampal neural cells after epilepsy seizure and provide a certain protection for neural cells.

Objective To explore the predictive value of soluble growth STimulation expressed gene 2(sST2) on major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods The study included 148 patients with first episode of AMI admitted from January 2015 to May 2016 in the heart center of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University.Serum sST2 level before PCI was tested and all patients were followed up clinically for 6 months after PCI.Results 1.MACEs were found in 23 patients during follow up.The sST2 leveles were significantly higher in patients with MACEs than the non-MACE group [(44.50 ±5.32) ng/ml vs.(23.59±1.15) ng/ml, P=0.001].Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum sST2 were positively correlated with MACE and type Ⅲ procollagen amine terminal peptide (PⅢNP) but was not correlated with NT-proBNP.2.Serum sST2 found to be correlated with the body mass index, blood pressure, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).3.The area under the ROC curve of sST2 to predict the occurrence of MACE after PCI was 0.787 which was higher than that of NT-proBNP.The area under curve of sST2 combined with NT-proBNP was 0.820.4.The survival rate of patients with serum sST2 level ≤29 ng/ml was higher than patients with sST2>29 ng/ml in 6 months after PCI.Conclusions sST2 is affected by a variety of factors.sST2 combined with NT-proBNP can improve the predictive value of MACE after PCI, and higher the level of sST2, higher the mortality rate in 6 months after PCI.

Completion of the genome sequences on Yersinia pestis bacteriophage offered unprecedented opportunity for researchers to carry out related genomic studies.This review was based on the genomic sequences and provided a genomic perspective in describing the essential features of genome on Yersinia pestis bacteriophage.Based on the comparative genomics,genetic evolutionary relationship was discussed.Description of functions from the gene prediction and protein annotation provided evidence for further related studies.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia.Current treatment options for Alzheimer's disease are very limited, and non-drug treatment is receiving more and more attention.Cognitive intervention is a relatively new non-drug treatment for Alzheimer's disease.A large number of previous studies have confirmed that cognitive intervention can prevent and mitigate clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.In this review, we systematically introduce cognitive intervention as a prevention tool for Alzheimer's disease and its ability to alleviate clinical symptoms of the disease, and put forward suggestions for the future application of cognitive intervention in Alzheimer's disease.