Objective To establish chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)rat models,and to study the intervention of the formula of nourishing Qi,activating blood circulation and dispersing phlegm recipe on the morphology.Method To establish rat COPD models by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide and exposure to cigarette smoke.To instill intervention drug daily either the formula of nourishing Qi,activating blood circulation and dispersing phlegm recipe or the roxithromythin,starting on the 20th,30th and 40th day of the experiment respectively(the groups was named h 20,h 30,h 40,r 20, r 30 and r 40 for short),and to observe the effect on the morphology by means of collagen staining and image analyzer.Results The pathological changes and lung function in the model group were accorded with the human COPD.In drug intervention groups,airway inflammation and epithelial proliferation were alleviated to different degree compared to the model group.In model group,the collagen deposition was increased predominant type I collagen compared to the health comtrol group,and the deposition in the drug intervention groups were decreased compared to the model group,according to the Sirius redpolarizing microscopy morphometry method.The thickness of the airway wall in the model group was significantly increased compared to the health control group(P

Objective By comparing iron,copper,manganese,selenium and cobalt contents in serum of 135 patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction with that of control group.Methods Isoionic emission spectrometric assay.Results Iron,copper,manganese and cobalt contents in serum of the patients group increase(P

Objective:To study the silencing gene expression level of RhoGDI2 small interfering RNA(siRNA)and the colorectal cancer cell malignant behaviors such as cell proliferation,migration,invasion.Methods:Testing RhoGDI2 expression using Westen blot analysis and Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)in the colorectal cancer cell lines of RKO,HT29,SW620,SW480,HCT116.The siRNA of RhoGDI2 with Lipofecta mineTM2000 was transfected into target cells,as well as negative control and normal control groups.Cell counting kits(CCK-8)to detect proliferation,Wound healing assay and the Transwell plate migration and invasion was detected.The epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)relevant protein E-cadherin/Vimentin expression was detected.Results:Human colon cancer cell lines RhoGDI2 expression levels decreased in the order of RKO,HT29,SW620,SW480,HCT116:siRNA inhibited RhoGDI2 expression rate of RKO cell by 70%;in silence group,negative control group and blank contro1 group,the proliferation rates were(0.683±0.013),(0.866±0.088),(0.905±0.008),P<0.05;Wound healing assay and Transwell assay suggested RhoGDI2 silencing could inhibit migration;siRNA interference of colon cancer cells downregulated Vimentin,but upregulated E-Cadherin protein.Conclusion:RhoGDI2 down-regulation could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation,migration,invasion of colon cancer cell.

Objective To investigate the senescence of rat mesangial cells induced by Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) and the protective effect of probucol on senesecence. Methods Human glomerular mesangial cells(hGMC) were cultured in vitro and intervened by tBHP. The cell survival rate was observed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium( MTT). β-gal staining and cell cycle analysis were used to identify cell senescent status;transmission eletric microscopy was used to evaluate the ultra-microstructure of hGMC. Senescent-related indexes were detected after treatment with probucol. Results The cell survival rate with 30 μmol/L tBHP was (80. 12 ± 3. 25 ) % , the positive rate of β-gal staining was significantly higher in tBHP-induced cells (about 81% )than that of the control cells( P <0. 01). 86% of the cells was arrested at G0-G1 phase. Invagination of nucleus membrane and chromatin condensation at the nuclear margin in tBHP-induced cells was observed through transmission eletric microscopy. In the probucol intervented cells, the cell survival rate was higher than that of tBHP-induced cells (92. 68 ± 5.03) % vs. ( 80. 12 ± 3. 25) % (P < 0. 05 ). The positive rate of β-gal staining decreased to 45. 2%. The proportion of cell cycle stage was similar to the control cells.The change of morphous and ultrastructure was relieved. Conclusions tBHP can induce hGMC senescence in vitro and probucol may play a role in preventing hGMC senescence.

Objective:To explore the expression and clinical significance of RhoGDI2 in colorectal cancer. Methods:Immuno-histochemistry was used to identify RhoGDI2 expression in clinical samples of colorectal cancer tissues,para-tumorous tissues and lymph node metastasis tissues. The relationships between CRC clinical factors and survival were analyzed. Results: RhoGDI2 expression contributed positively with tumor progression and metastasis in clinical tissues. It was associated with the stage of the tumor,lymph node metastasis, remote metastasis, venous invasion and vessel invasion. Patients with higher RhoGDI2 expression had poorer overall survival. Conclusion:RhoGDI2 showed high expression in colorectal cancer and it was associated with the stage of the tumor,lymph node metastasis,remote metastasis, venous invasion and vessel invasion. Patients with higher RhoGDI2 expression had poorer overall survival.

There are many medical students who make artificial data in their scientific research and scientific paper.Therefore,it's very urgent to carry on the ethical education of scientific research to medical students.This article tries to make some ethical discussion on the responsibility of the scientific research monality of medical students.

Objective To identify the gene mutations of platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅱ b,Ⅲa(GPⅡb/Ⅲa)in three Chinese pedigrees with Glanzmann thrombastIlenia.Methods All exons and exonintron boundaries of GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a gene were amplified by PCR analysis followed by DNA sequencing.DNA sequencing was used to exclude gene polymorphisms.Results The probands in the three pedigrees had a normal platelet count,coagulation profiles,scattered platelets on the blood film,a prolonged cutaneous bleeding time,and impaired or minimal ex vivo platelet aggregation in response to ADP,thrombin,collagen,adrenaline and arachidonic acid,but normal platelet aggregation in response to ristoeetin.Both FACS and Western blotting demonstrated trace content of αⅡb in the platelets from proband 1 and proband 3,who were classified as type Ⅰ GT,and a small amount of αⅡb in the platelets from proband 2,who was classified as type Ⅱ GT.Compound heterozygous mutations,T2255G(Leu721Arg)and C2671T(Gln860Stop)were identified in proband 1.The proband 2 had homozygous A2334C(Gln747Pro)missense mutation.Nonsense mutations C1750T (Arg584Stop)and 69-79 deletion mutation were identified in proband 3. Conclusions Compound heterozygous mutations T2255G and C2671T of αⅡb gene lead to type Ⅰ Glanzmann thrombasthenia for proband 1. Homozygous mutation A2334C of αⅡb gene leads to type Ⅱ Glanzmann thrombasthenia for proband 2. Compound heterozygous mutations C1750T and 69-79del αⅡb gene lead to type Ⅰ Glanzmann thrombasthenia for proband 3. T2255G,C1671T and 69-79del aye novel mutations for αⅡb gene.

Objective To investigate the practical efficacy and safety of ultrasound with microbubbles mediated rAAV2-EGFP to retina of rat after intravitreal and subretinal injection. Methods Gene transfer was examined by rAAV2-EGFP intravitreal and subretinal injection into the Wistar rats with or without microbubbles. The eyes were exposed to US (1 MHz,2 W/cm2, duration 5 minutes,duty cycle 50%,pulse recurrent frequency 100 Hz). The onset of EGFP gene expression, lightness of fluorescence, area of fluorescence and its distribution in the fundus in vivo via fluorescence stereosocope were investigated on the 4th,7th, 35th,49th and 120th day respectively. The value of gene transfer was quantified through the EGFP fluorescence quantitative methods by Axiovision 3. 1 software. HE staining was used to observe tissue damage. Results There was no fluorescence observed by fluorescence stereosocope after intravitreal injection after two-month study. After subretinal injection, ultrasound-targeted microbubbles destruction (UTMD) strongly increased gene transfer efficiency. UTMD used in the experiment did no harm to the rat retina structure. Conclusions UTMD could not enhance rAAV2-EGFP transfecion efficiency to rat retina after intravitreal injection but the transduction could be enhanced significantly after subretinal injection.

Objective To study the GPⅡb/Ⅲa gene mutations of eight glanzmann thrombasthenia(GT) pedigrees. Methods Responses of eight probands to different agonists were observed by platelet aggregation test and the amount of αⅡb and β3 was determined by flow cytometry. All the exons of Ⅱb and Ⅲ a genes were amplified by PCR followed by sequencing for mutational screening. Further analysis of the normal population excluded the possibility of mutational sites as a polymorphism. Results Eight probands showed normal PLT counts, dispersion of the platelet particles without aggregation, prolonged bleeding time and severely reduced platelet aggregation in response to the physiological agonists- ADP, epinephrine, and collagen, but relatively normal aggregation of PLT in response to ristocetin. Flow cytometry showed that all probande were Ⅰ type GT, except that proband 2 was Ⅲ type GT and proband 6 was Ⅱ type GT. The sequencing results showed that twelve different types mutations were present in eight probands, including GIOA, Gl412T, GII99A, 1525deiC, G2223T, C2671T, 2930delG, IVSI5 (-1) delG, A2334C, C1750T, 69-79del and CA70A. We were not able to detected any mutations in GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa gone on proband 3. Conclusions GT is mainly caused by GPⅡb/Ⅲa gene mutations. G10A, 69-79del, C470A,G1412T, G2223T, C2671T and 1525delC were the novel mutations causing GT.

AIM:To compare the reliability and plaque area between using high-cholesterol diet and high-cho-lesterol diet with corn oil to establish a rabbit atherosclerotic model .METHODS:Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were ran-domly divided into 3 groups (6 rabbits each):normal diet group (group C), high-cholesterol diet group (group H1) and high-cholesterol diet containing 6%corn oil group (group H2).All rabbits were fed for 12 weeks, and their body mea-sured was weighed at the end of every weeks .The serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) , low-den-sity lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) , total cholesterol ( TC) and triglyceride ( TG) were measured by automatic chemistry analyzer at 0 week and 12 weeks.At the end of 12 weeks, the thoracic aorta of 8-cm length since aortic root was isolated from the rabbit after anesthesia , and stained with Sudan IV or oil red O to verify the existence of plaque .The percentage of plaque area (PA/IA) in the intima area was further calculated by ImageJ 2x software.RESULTS:At the end of 12-week feeding, the serum levels of HDL-C, LDL-C and TC in both group H1 and group H2 were significantly higher than those in group C, and serum TG in group H2 was significantly higher than that in group C .Serum HDL-C in group H2 was signifi-cantly higher than that in group H1, but no significant difference of serum LDL-C, TC and TG between group H1 and group H2 was found .There was no plaque in the intima in group C , and plaques were observed in the intima of all rabbits in group H1 and group H2.Rabbit atherosclerotic models in both group H 1 and group H2 were established with a success rate of 100%.The values of PA/IA in group H1 [(49.74 ±18.78)%] and group H2 [(56.95 ±26.74)%] were both sig-nificantly higher than that in group C (0%), and no significant difference of PA/IA between group H1 and group H2 was observed.CONCLUSION:High-cholesterol diet with or without corn oil can establish a rabbit atherosclerotic model with a success rate of 100%after 12-week feeding , and the percentage of plaque area in the total aortic intimal area is not differ-ent in the 2 feeding methods .