Objective:To find out the applied value of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase(GAD)-Ab in diagnosis,classification nad forecast in diabetesy.Methods:GAD-Ab in serum of 45 patients with type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus was measured by ELISA method,compared with 25 patients in type Ⅱ diabetes and 60 normal persons as control groups.Results:The positive rate of GAD-Ab in type Ⅰ diabetics.On the contrary,there is no positive patients in normal persons.Conclusion:There is applied value of GAD-Ab in diagnosis,classification and was 76 64%(33/43),have significantly difference compared with type Ⅱ diabetics prospection on diabetes.

Objective:To establish an indirect immunofluorescence assay for detection of serum IgG antibody against HHV-6,and to detected antibodies of HHV-6 in Changchun city.Methods:Cord blood mononuclear cells infected by HHV-6 strain GS were used to prepare cell antigen slide so as to establish an IFA and was used detect the HHV-6 antibody level in serum for Changchun city population.Results:An indirect immunofluorescence assay was established for detection of serum IgG antibody against HHV-6,at the same time the HHV-6 antibody level in serum for Changchun city population have been detected,and positive rate of HHV-6 antibody was 65.2%.Conclusion:A specific IFA has been established successfully for the investigation of HHV-6 infection.

Objective:To construct the recombinant nonstructural P_2C plasmid in coxsackie B4 virus.Methods:Using the RT-PCR,we fishing the nonstructural protein P_2C cDNA fraction from Coxsackie B4 virus(CVB4) and cloning into the PUCm-T vector, then transfer it into E.coli to construct the recombinant plasmid.Results:Using the total RNA of Coxsackie B4 virus as model, we amplied 987 bp fraction and cloned into PUCm-T vector identifying with BamH Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ double enzyme.Its products were consistent with nonstructural protein P_2C PCR productions.Conclusion:The recombinant nonstructural P_2C plasmid was constructed succesfully in coxsackie B4 virus.

AIM: To observe the changes of serum nitric oxide and the production level of IL-1 in different period of coxsackievirus B 4 (CB 4V)-induced insulin-dependent diabetic mice.METHODS: The insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) animal model induced by CB 4V infection was established. Serum nitric oxide level was estimated by nitrate reductase method after infection 72 h,1 week, 3 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks, respectively. At the same time, level of IL-1 produced by peritoneal M? was measued.RESULTS: (1) Changes of serum nitric oxide: serum nitric oxide level in control group remained normal level. The serum nitric oxide level in diabetic group increased significantly at 72 h after infection(P0.05). (2) IL-1 activities: IL-1 activities were increased obviously from 72 h to 3 weeks after virus infection, but decreased to normal level after 6 weeks.CONCLUSION: Nitric oxide may be one of the important factors in the development of CB 4V-induced IDDM.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of the effective constituents rhein,emodin and chrysophanol in jiangzhiyin by HPLC.METHODS:SHIMADU VP-ODS column was used as analytical column,methanol-0.2%phosphoric acid(80∶20)as mobile phase,the flow rate was set at1ml/min,the detection wavelength at225nm,column temperature at room temperature.RESULTS:The linear ranges of detected rhein,emodin and chrysophanol in jiangzhiyin were0.015～0.15?g(r=0.9996),0.014～0.14?g(r=0.9998)and0.0085～0.085?g(r=0.9993)respectively;The average recoveries were99.26%(RSD=2.00%),98.72%(RSD=1.80%)and99.76%(RSD=2.3%)respectively.CONCLUSION:The determination results are stable and accurate,and the method is feasible and reliable,which can be used for the quality control of jiangzhiyin.

Objective To observe the expression and localization of D J-1 in renal fibrosis, and to investigate the expressions of E-cadherin, vimentin and the level of β-catenin tyrosine phosphorylation in human tubular epithelial cells. Methods In vitro, the human tubular epithehal cells (HKC cell line) were cultured with 10 μg/L TGF-β1 for 72 h. The protein expressions of E-cadherin, vimentin and DJ-1 were measured by Western blot. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of D J-1 mRNA. The intracellular distribution of DJ-1 was observed by confocal microscope. In vivo, Masson stain was used to evaluate the level of renal fibrosis. The expression and disposition of DJ-1 in renal tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. HKC cells were transfected with pEGFP-N1-DJ-1 via lipofectamine 2000. The efficiency of transfection was detected by fluorescence microscope. The expressions of DJ-1, E-cadherin, vimentin and β-catenin tyrosine phosphorylation level in the transfected cells were detected by Western blot. Results The expressions of DJ-1 protein and DJ-1 mRNA were up-regulated in renal tubular EMT cells. Most of DJ-1 protein localized in cytoplasm, and some was in nucleus. After stimulation by TGF-β1, the expressions of DJ-1 protein both in cytoplasm and nucleus was greatly increased, especially in nucleus. In vivo, renal tissue expressed DJ-1 in tubular epithelia, but little expression in glomeruli. In renal tissue from 5/6-nephrectomized rots, DJ-1 expression was greatly increased. In the DJ-1 transfectants, the expressions of DJ-1, vimentin and β-catenin tyrosine phosphorylation level were up-regulated, but E-cadherin expression was suppressed. Conclusion The increased expression of DJ-1 may promote renal fibrosis.

Trace elements is the main content in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology courses through students' self-study.This topic takes the trace elements as the content of open video courses to make the medical students and the public be able to scientifically understand the relationship between trace elements and human health and pay attention to the influence of dietary nutrition and environmental pollution on human society.This course is based on audience online teaching rules and online learning needs,to achieve high-quality resources sharing and popularity as the goal,using typical case,vividly describes the source of the common trace element,function,and the relationship between health and disease.In the course construction,we realize that the selection of teaching content,optimization of teachers,professional recording team are the basic elements of the success of open video courses production.The combination of open video courses and flipped classroom teaching has gained a high degree of satisfaction in improving students' independent learning ability,expanding knowledge and so on.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss rational use of injection in order to provide reference for rational use of injection in the clinic. METHODS:Drug use was analyzed in respect of route of administration,selection of solvent,compatibility of drugs, speed of intravenous administration,the concentration of mixture,etc. RESULTS&CONCLUSION:There are some mistakes in the application of injections,but some faults and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can be warned early. By strengthening pharmaceutical monitoring,related faults and ADRs can be reduced to the minimum.

Based on the concept of three-orientation medical personnel training, this article fo-cuses on practice ability oriented professional quality training, and has constructed the integrated experi-mental teaching course system based on medicine. The curriculum system not only builds the experimental teaching platform ofhigh quality resource, but also constructs the experimental teaching mode which is based on a large and diverse method to promote students'!autonomous learning. The article also discusses the reform of basic experiment course system based on the practice ability from the concept of experimental curriculum system reform, the goal of the training of the experimental course system, the implementation of the program and the evaluation system.

Abstract Socioeconomic status is an important factor affecting all-cause mortality. Income, education and occupation alone or in combination have been employed as a measure of socioeconomic status; however, the study results vary in measures. Material mechanism, lifestyle mechanism, psychological mechanism and community neighborhood mechanism have been accepted as the main intermediate mechanisms for the impact of socioeconomic status on all-cause mortality; however, the contribution of these mechanisms remains controversial. Based on the international and national publications pertaining to the association between socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality from 2012 to 2021, this review summarizes the relationship between socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality in different metrics and the intermediate mechanism of the impact of socioeconomic status on all-cause mortality, so as to provide insights for further studies.