Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety,and cosmetic results of single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy by using conventional instruments. Methods From January 2013 to May 2014,clinical data of 52 patients undergoing single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The appendectomy was performed by using conventional instruments through three 5-mm trocars via a 2-cm curved incision above the umbilical margin. Results The single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy was successfully completed in all the 52 cases without conversion to conventional laparoscopic or open surgery.The mean operative time was 43 ±7 min (range,30 -90 min).The average postoperative hospital stay was 2.5 ±0.5 days (range,1 -7 days).During follow-up visits for 1 -3 months,there were no postoperative complications.The scars were not obvious in all the patients. Conclusion Laparoscopic appendectomy can be achieved through a single incision by using conventional instruments.This approach is feasible,safe,and concealing.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the risk factors associated with pathogenesis of cerebral palsy (CP) in young children.

METHODSA cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of CP was conducted in young children aged one to six years in Leshan area, Sichuan Province. Cluster sampling and a 1:2 case-control design were used to investigate the risk factors for pathogenesis of CP.

RESULTSTotally, 148,723 children were surveyed, in which 308 (2.07 per thousand ) were diagnosed as CP. Low birth weight, twins and premature birth were associated with significantly increased prevalence of CP, 16.32, 4.16 and 22.21 times as that in normal birth weight, single birth and full-term birth, respectively. Simple factor analysis showed varied factors involved in pathogenesis of CP. The multivariate analysis revealed that delivery at home, low Apgar score in five minutes, illness during the first month of life, maternal "cold" with fever in their early gestation, low protein (meat and egg) intake during pregnancy and lower education level of mother were risk factors for CP.

CONCLUSIONSPrevalence and clinical features of CP in Leshan was comparable to those in the developed countries. Relevant risk factors could be seen primarily in gestational and perinatal periods, which might involve in mothers, children, environment and heredity, etc. To attach more importance in gestational and perinatal care for mothers and babies will be crucial measures to reduce occurrence of CP in young children.

Case-Control Studies ; Cerebral Palsy ; epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors