BACKGROUND:Scoliosis is a complex spinal pathology characterized as a three-dimensional spine deformity combined with vertebral rotation. The finite element analysis can replace traditional biomechanical experiment for repeated experimental analysis and for processing digital simulation. It has been widely used in the study of scoliotic biomechanics.
OBJECTIVE:To emphasize the application of finite element analysis on the brace and surgical treatment of scoliosis.
METHODS:An online search of PubMed and Wanfang database was performed by using key words of“scoliosis, finite element”in Chinese for articles published between January 1986 and May 2013. A total of 38 papers related to finite element of scoliotic treatment, published in authorized journal and considered to be a representative, were selected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: How to design an individualized brace in accordance with biomechanical characteristics of scoliosis is the hot topic. By using multi-imaging technology, the rib, chest bone and pelvis are introduced into the finite element models, in a broader attempt to analyze the optimal three-dimensional orthopedic force pattern for scoliosis. The results of relative research showed that, the ideal loading pattern is given at the protruding area of scoliosis. Finite element analysis can predict and evaluate the orthopedic procedure and effect of patients, thus assisting the design of reasonable orthopedic treatment scheme. Through finite element analysis, we can simulate and analyze the stress distribution of internal fixator in spine, which contributes to prevent the complications.

Objective To determine the changes of blood cytokines values and inductions of cytokines expressions after CPB and cardiac valve replacement. Methods Thirty patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement were randomly selected, The plasma cytokines levels or activities and inductions of cytokine expressions were measured before CPB, 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th d after operation.Results Compared with the baselines, IL 1 activity and souluble interleukin 2 receptor(SIL 2R) level increased on the 1st, 3rd d , then decreased significantly on the 7th d, plasma IL 8 level increased in 14 d after CPB, but IL 2 activity decreased during 7 d postoperatively(P0.05); induction of IL 1 expression increased significantly on the 1st d and decreased on the 3rd d (P

Objective To observe the change of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6(IL-6) plasma levels before and after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in angina pectoris patients to evaluate the relationships between the severity of coronary lesions, CRP and IL-6. Methods 36 patients diagnosed as angina pectoris by coronary angiography received PCI and 15 healthy subjects served as the control. Peripheral blood samples were taken before and after PCI, the serum levels of CRP and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The relationships between serum CRP,IL-6 and the severity of coronary lesions were analyzed. Results The mean levels of serum CRP and IL-6 in the patients were higher than those in the control(P

BACKGROUND:Under the pathological conditions of urethral defect,stricture and diverticulum induce by trauma,congenital malformation,tumor and operation,autogenous tissue are used for defect repair.OBJECTIVE:To verify the feasibility of urethra constructed by tissue engineering.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:An observational experiment was performed at Linbaixin Medical Research Center,Sun Yat-sen University,from January 2005 to January 2006.MATERIALS:Ten New Zealand rabbits weighing 3.0-3.5 kg were used to prepare acellular urethras.Twenty BALB/cA-nude mice weighing 18-20 g,4-6 weeks old,were cultured with extracellular matrix materials in vivo.METHODS:The whole urethra harvested from New Zealand rabbit prepared the extracellular matrix materials by acellular treatment.Half a glans harvested from adult New Zealand rabbit was used for smooth muscle cells proliferation by tissue explant.The corpus spongiosum smooth muscle cells were implanted in acellular matrix materials.Then,they were cultured by subcutaneous embedding in nude mice.There were two groups in the experiment:experimental and control.The complexs of corpus spongiosum smooth muscle cells implanted in acellular matrix materials were embedded in the experimental group,while the simple acellular matrix materials were embedded in the control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:After 1,2,4,6,8 weeks of embedment,the growth of the complexs were examined by gross,histologic and electron microscopic observation.The expression of smooth muscle cells were identified by immunohistochemistry method.RESULTS:①Under the gross observation,incisions on the back of the nude mice healed well,the diets and activities of the nude mice were normal.In the experimental group,there were thin tissue membranes on the surface of the acellular matrix materials at 1-2 weeks after the embedment.The thickness of tissue membrane increased gradually and there were small blood vessels grown at 4 weeks.The new cells were instead of acellular matrix materials at 6-8 weeks.②Under HE straining,the acellular matrix materials were absorbed.Various cells,most of them were smooth muscle cells,would be instead of the acellular matrix materials.And unequal blood vessels grown in matrix materials,most of them had the trend of blood sinus formation.These results suggested that the complexs formed the structure similar to normal urethra in the nude mice.③Under the electron microscopic observation,there were blood vessels grown in the matrix materials from 4 weeks after embedment.More smooth muscle cells,endothelial cells,and little fibroblast cells,macrophages were observed,as well as some apoptotic smooth muscle cells.④After immunohistochemical staining of ?-smooth-muscle actin antibody,the growth of smooth muscle cells could be observed.CONCLUSION:The corpus cavernosum tissue similar to normal urethra can be constructed by using tissue-engineering technique.

Objective To investigate the anatomical and histological features of the rat endolymphatic sac. Methods The temporal bones of the healthy,adult SD rats were removed.The morphology of the endolymphatic sac were studied.Then the decalcified samples were embeded in paraffin.The sections of the endolymphatic sac were stained with HE method and observed histologically,and then examined immunohistochemically by monoclonal antibodies against IgG,CD 3 of the rat to investigate the immunocompetent cells in endolymphatic sac of the rats. Results Simple cuboidal and squamous epithelium were the main types of the epithelium in rat endolymphatic sac CD + 3,IgG + immunoreactive lymphocytes were found mainly in the epithelium of the endolymphatic sac.Conclusion\ The morphology of the rat endolymphatic sac is similar to those of human and guinea pig endolymphatic sacs.Some immunocompetent cells were found in the endolymphatic sac,suggesting that the endolymphatic sac plays an important role in immune of inner ear.\;[

Aim To explore effects of TCS on the gene expression profiles of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with microarray technique and further investigate its molecular mechanism. Methods RNA from both control and treated HeLa cells were isolated and reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of cy3 and cy5-labeled dUTP, probes were hybridized with BiostarH-Ⅰ cDNA microarray, chips were scanned and then analyzed by GenePix Pro 3.0 software. Results 78 significantly differently expressed genes were screened out of which up-and down-regulated genes were 62 and 16 respectively. the up-regulated genes were closely related with apoptosis (such as NOP56、TNFSF10、CASP9、DFFB,etc) and the down-regulated genes were associated with the adhesion and interaction between cells (such as COL9A3、LGALS3BP、 MGST3,etc). Conclusion TCS could result in differential expression of multiple genes in HeLa cells, and DNA microarray technique can provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanism of TCS-induced apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA‐101 (miRNA‐101 ) in human gastric cancer ,and to explore its effects on proliferation ,migration and invasion of gastric cancer cell . Methods The expression of miRNA‐101 in 28 human gastric cancer tissues ,human gastric cell lines BGC‐823 , SGC‐7901 , MKN‐45 , AGS and human normal gastric epithelial cell line GES‐1 were determined by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) .Recombinant miRNA‐101 adenovirus vector was constructed . The effects of miRNA‐101 on gastric cancer proliferation was detected with cell proliferation assay .The ability of gastric cancer cell migration and invasion was assessed with Transwell assay .Gastric xenograft cancer model was established in BALB /c nude mice and the tumor size was compared .The t test was used for the statistical analysis .Results The expression of miRNA‐101 in gastric cancer tissues was 0 .661 ± 0 .396 ,which was lower than that of corresponding para carcinoma tissues (1 .128 ± 0 .697) ,and the difference was statistically significant (t = 10 .091 , P < 0 .01) .The expression of miRNA‐101 in normal gastric epithelial cell line GES‐1 was higher than those of gastric cancer cell lines BGC‐823 ,SGC‐7901 , MKN‐45 and AGS . There was significant suppression role of miRNA‐101 on MKN‐45 cells proliferation , and which also had inhibition role on cell migration and invasion of gastric cancer cell lines BGC‐823 ,SGC‐7901 ,MKN‐45 and AGS .At five weeks after MKN‐45 gastric xenograft cancer nude mice model established ,the tumor size of Ad‐miRNA‐101 group ((333 .56 ± 46 .71) mm3 ) was smaller than that of Ad‐enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) group (806 .41 ± 51 .83) mm3 ,and the difference was statistically significant (t = 21 .431 , P < 0 .01 ) .Conclusion In gastric tissues and cells ,miRNA‐101 is a tumor suppressive miRNA and its downregulated expression involved in the genesis and development of gastric cancer ,which may be a new target of biological target therapy in gastric cancer .

BACKGROUND:Hip’s anatomy structure is complex, and the traditional two-dimensional imaging, such as X-ray film or CT scan, is susceptible to image overlap and other soft tissue. As a result, there are some limitations in the diagnosis of hip disease. The digital model is built based on reverse engineering and rapid prototyping. It is comprehensive, intuitive and accurate of the stereo configuration of the hip and the spatial relations of other parts’ anatomical structures. This study has a broad application prospect. OBJECTIVE:To reconstruct the personalized three-dimensional entity model of the hip bone with computer aided technology. METHODS: The human hips were scanned with a portable three-dimensional laser scanner, and then the point cloud data of the hips were gotten. The point cloud was processed and the three-dimensional model reconstruction was carried out by using the engineering software Geomagic and the computer aided software CimatronE. Three-dimensional print of hip was completed and the model was gotten, which was consistent with the geometry of hip bone, through the rapid prototyping machine. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A model with good geometric similarity and biomechanical characteristics was built by digital modeling method based on reverse engineering and rapid prototyping. This way of digital modeling provided the basis for digital manufacturing of artificial hip, virtual assembly, stress analysis and surgical simulation.

Objective To study the clinical evaluation of the effect of topical application of Periocline ointment in the adjuvant treatment of periodontitis.Methods100 patients with periodontitis as the research object in this study in Xi'an Jiaotong university school hospital from April 2015 to August 2016 were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, 50 cases in each group.The control group were treated with the conventional treatment, at this basis, the experimental group were given Periocline ointment topical application as the auxiliary treatment.Eight weeks after treatment, the clinical treatment and related indicators were compared in the two groups.ResultsThe bleeding index, probing depth and attachment level in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05).In the experimental group of 50 patients, the total effective number of cases in the treatment of 48 cases, The total effective rate in the experimental group was 94.0%, which was significantly higher than 88.0% in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionIt can improve the effective rate that Periocline ointment was local applicated in the adjuvant treatment of periodontitis;it is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To observe the influence of hands-washing and non-hands-washing on clinical disinfection effect before surgical hands antisepsis.Methods Totally 40 surgcal staff wee divided into the handa-washing group and the non-hands-washing group.The sterilizing effect of handa at diggerent time points during operations and kinds of bacteria colony were compared between two groups.Results Bacteria colony of hands at different time points during operations showed no significant difference between two groups.Both groups were detected bacteris colony on their hands,mainly made up of coagulase negative staphylococcus,corynebacterium and eaterococcus and no difference was seen between two groups.Conchusions The non-hands-washing method can acquire the same disinfection effect as traditional hands-washing method.Its disinfection effect lasts three hours,easy to operate,little stimulation on the skin,and was worthy of clinical application.