BACKGROUND:Scoliosis is a complex spinal pathology characterized as a three-dimensional spine deformity combined with vertebral rotation. The finite element analysis can replace traditional biomechanical experiment for repeated experimental analysis and for processing digital simulation. It has been widely used in the study of scoliotic biomechanics.
OBJECTIVE:To emphasize the application of finite element analysis on the brace and surgical treatment of scoliosis.
METHODS:An online search of PubMed and Wanfang database was performed by using key words of“scoliosis, finite element”in Chinese for articles published between January 1986 and May 2013. A total of 38 papers related to finite element of scoliotic treatment, published in authorized journal and considered to be a representative, were selected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: How to design an individualized brace in accordance with biomechanical characteristics of scoliosis is the hot topic. By using multi-imaging technology, the rib, chest bone and pelvis are introduced into the finite element models, in a broader attempt to analyze the optimal three-dimensional orthopedic force pattern for scoliosis. The results of relative research showed that, the ideal loading pattern is given at the protruding area of scoliosis. Finite element analysis can predict and evaluate the orthopedic procedure and effect of patients, thus assisting the design of reasonable orthopedic treatment scheme. Through finite element analysis, we can simulate and analyze the stress distribution of internal fixator in spine, which contributes to prevent the complications.

Objective To determine the changes of blood cytokines values and inductions of cytokines expressions after CPB and cardiac valve replacement. Methods Thirty patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement were randomly selected, The plasma cytokines levels or activities and inductions of cytokine expressions were measured before CPB, 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th d after operation.Results Compared with the baselines, IL 1 activity and souluble interleukin 2 receptor(SIL 2R) level increased on the 1st, 3rd d , then decreased significantly on the 7th d, plasma IL 8 level increased in 14 d after CPB, but IL 2 activity decreased during 7 d postoperatively(P0.05); induction of IL 1 expression increased significantly on the 1st d and decreased on the 3rd d (P

BACKGROUND:Under the pathological conditions of urethral defect,stricture and diverticulum induce by trauma,congenital malformation,tumor and operation,autogenous tissue are used for defect repair.OBJECTIVE:To verify the feasibility of urethra constructed by tissue engineering.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:An observational experiment was performed at Linbaixin Medical Research Center,Sun Yat-sen University,from January 2005 to January 2006.MATERIALS:Ten New Zealand rabbits weighing 3.0-3.5 kg were used to prepare acellular urethras.Twenty BALB/cA-nude mice weighing 18-20 g,4-6 weeks old,were cultured with extracellular matrix materials in vivo.METHODS:The whole urethra harvested from New Zealand rabbit prepared the extracellular matrix materials by acellular treatment.Half a glans harvested from adult New Zealand rabbit was used for smooth muscle cells proliferation by tissue explant.The corpus spongiosum smooth muscle cells were implanted in acellular matrix materials.Then,they were cultured by subcutaneous embedding in nude mice.There were two groups in the experiment:experimental and control.The complexs of corpus spongiosum smooth muscle cells implanted in acellular matrix materials were embedded in the experimental group,while the simple acellular matrix materials were embedded in the control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:After 1,2,4,6,8 weeks of embedment,the growth of the complexs were examined by gross,histologic and electron microscopic observation.The expression of smooth muscle cells were identified by immunohistochemistry method.RESULTS:①Under the gross observation,incisions on the back of the nude mice healed well,the diets and activities of the nude mice were normal.In the experimental group,there were thin tissue membranes on the surface of the acellular matrix materials at 1-2 weeks after the embedment.The thickness of tissue membrane increased gradually and there were small blood vessels grown at 4 weeks.The new cells were instead of acellular matrix materials at 6-8 weeks.②Under HE straining,the acellular matrix materials were absorbed.Various cells,most of them were smooth muscle cells,would be instead of the acellular matrix materials.And unequal blood vessels grown in matrix materials,most of them had the trend of blood sinus formation.These results suggested that the complexs formed the structure similar to normal urethra in the nude mice.③Under the electron microscopic observation,there were blood vessels grown in the matrix materials from 4 weeks after embedment.More smooth muscle cells,endothelial cells,and little fibroblast cells,macrophages were observed,as well as some apoptotic smooth muscle cells.④After immunohistochemical staining of ?-smooth-muscle actin antibody,the growth of smooth muscle cells could be observed.CONCLUSION:The corpus cavernosum tissue similar to normal urethra can be constructed by using tissue-engineering technique.

Objective To observe the change of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6(IL-6) plasma levels before and after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in angina pectoris patients to evaluate the relationships between the severity of coronary lesions, CRP and IL-6. Methods 36 patients diagnosed as angina pectoris by coronary angiography received PCI and 15 healthy subjects served as the control. Peripheral blood samples were taken before and after PCI, the serum levels of CRP and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The relationships between serum CRP,IL-6 and the severity of coronary lesions were analyzed. Results The mean levels of serum CRP and IL-6 in the patients were higher than those in the control(P

Objective To investigate the anatomical and histological features of the rat endolymphatic sac. Methods The temporal bones of the healthy,adult SD rats were removed.The morphology of the endolymphatic sac were studied.Then the decalcified samples were embeded in paraffin.The sections of the endolymphatic sac were stained with HE method and observed histologically,and then examined immunohistochemically by monoclonal antibodies against IgG,CD 3 of the rat to investigate the immunocompetent cells in endolymphatic sac of the rats. Results Simple cuboidal and squamous epithelium were the main types of the epithelium in rat endolymphatic sac CD + 3,IgG + immunoreactive lymphocytes were found mainly in the epithelium of the endolymphatic sac.Conclusion\ The morphology of the rat endolymphatic sac is similar to those of human and guinea pig endolymphatic sacs.Some immunocompetent cells were found in the endolymphatic sac,suggesting that the endolymphatic sac plays an important role in immune of inner ear.\;[

Aim To explore effects of TCS on the gene expression profiles of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with microarray technique and further investigate its molecular mechanism. Methods RNA from both control and treated HeLa cells were isolated and reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of cy3 and cy5-labeled dUTP, probes were hybridized with BiostarH-Ⅰ cDNA microarray, chips were scanned and then analyzed by GenePix Pro 3.0 software. Results 78 significantly differently expressed genes were screened out of which up-and down-regulated genes were 62 and 16 respectively. the up-regulated genes were closely related with apoptosis (such as NOP56、TNFSF10、CASP9、DFFB,etc) and the down-regulated genes were associated with the adhesion and interaction between cells (such as COL9A3、LGALS3BP、 MGST3,etc). Conclusion TCS could result in differential expression of multiple genes in HeLa cells, and DNA microarray technique can provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanism of TCS-induced apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of a novel hepatitis B virus YMDD mutation DNA diagnostic kit (magnetic beads method kit).Methods A total of 324 HBV clinical serum samples was tested with the magnetic beads method kit and another kind of fluorescence diagnostic kit (boiling method).Accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity were compared.Results The consistency of positive detection rate of two kits was 100％ (95％ CI : 98.0％ ～ 100％), negative consistency was 97.12％ (95％ CI : 92.8％ ～99.2％) and the total consistency was 98.76％ (95％ CI : 96.9％ ～99.7％).Four cases of discrepant samples were confirmed by sequencing, and statistical analysis performed by Kappa test (Kappa =0.975) shows good consistency between the two methods.Conclusions The magnetic beads method kit has good consistency compared to the regular boiling method kit, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection system contains an internal positive control (internal control) to avoid a false negative resuit, which is more suitable for clinical diagnosis.

Objective: To extract the polysaccharides of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc (PCZ) and study its bioactivities. Methods: The crude polysaccharides were extracted from herbal slice of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc with hot water ,and precipitated by ethanol and savage deproteinization and depigmentation with activated charcoal. The constituents were isolated by column chromatography and the total polysaccharides content was determined. Experiments of immune function,anti-oxidation and anti-tumor activity of KM mice and in viro were studied. Results: The content of total polysaccharides of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc was 33.12%. and the extraction rate was 1.938% . It could raise spleen cell proliferation and transformation rate of lymphocyte and SOD activity in blood of mice. A higher antitumor effect of the polysaccharides by injection was observed dose-dependently. Conclusion: PCZ could raise the immune and anti-oxidative activities and then had a higher antitumor effect.

Objective: The chemical composition, extraction and biological activity of antioxidant substance of sweet potatoes were studied. Method: The antioxidant substance was extracted with alcohol and purified with AB-8 big-hole resin and its elimination rate of _?O 2 and OH and SOD activity were determined.Results: The content of antioxidant substance stockpiled respectively in the root tubers, stems and leaves of sweet potatoes and was different in varieties. The highest content in the root tuber was 0.324%, which accounted 70% of total content in sweet potatoes. Its extraction ratio was 85%. The major composition of the antioxidant substance was phenol acid, including chlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid and 4-0-caffeonyl quinic butyl ester. They had intense antioxidant function and their elimination rate to _?O 2 and?OH at concentration 90 mg/ml was 88.02% and 82.21% respectively. The antioxidantsubstance restrained oxidation of lipid and hemolysis of red cell induced by H2O2,and increased SOD activity in serum and skin of mice. Conclusion: Several kinds of phenol acid as antioxidant substance stockpiled in sweet potatoes were proved to have strong antioxidant activity.

50%) or cultured with low concentration of serum,these cells tended to fuse to form myotubes,and were skeletal myosin~+.CONCLUSION: Preplate technique can effectively isolate MDSCs,this provides tissue engineering with a new type of seed cells.