Objective To investigate the effect of docetaxel combined capecitabine chemotherapy and psychological intervention after radical mastectomy. Methods 80 cases of radical mastectomy for breast cancer treated in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were treated with docetaxel combined with capecitabine chemotherapy. According to different nursing methods, the patients were divided into 2 groups. The observation group was treated with psychological nursing, while the control group received routine nursing care. The anxiety and depression scores in two groups before and after nursing were observed and compared. Results There were no significant difference in the scores of anxiety and depression between the two groups before and after treatment. After the intervention group, patients in observation group were significantly improved, and better than the control group patients; The nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was 97.5%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group (72.5%) (P<0.05). Conclusion After radical mastectomy of breast cancer with docetaxel combined with capecitabine chemotherapy and psychological clinical observation of dry pre found in breast cancer resection and chemotherapy as the basis, to patients with psychological intervention can improve the clinical situation of patients, promote their mental status improved, improve nursing satisfaction rate of patients, so it is worthy of reference.

Objective The joint latent class model(JLCM)was applied to study the reversion of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)to normal cognition(NC),providing a methodology reference for the longitudinal study of chronic diseases.Methods The JLCM model consisted of three sub-models:the latent class sub-model adopted multi-class logistic regression to estimate the latent classes;the longitudinal process sub-model adopted linear mixed model to describe the longitudinal cognitive measurement;and the survival process sub-model adopted proportional risk model to fit the cognitive process.Goodness of fit was based on information criterion,posterior classification,comparison between predicted value and observed value and conditional independence assumption.Results The MCI population was divided into two latent classes based on the JLCM model,including 783(92.88%)and 60(7.12%),respectively.The latent class sub-model showed that gender,marital status,APOE4 and FAQ had statistical significance for the determination of latent classes.The longitudinal process sub-model showed male(β=-0.685,95%CI:-1.144,-0.226),being single(β=0.743,95%CI:0.200,1.286),not carrying APOE4(β=-1.201,95%CI:-1.636,-0.766)and without functional impairment(β=-1.868,95%CI:-2.095,-1.641)had higher MMSE scores.The survival process sub-model showed that high education level(HR=1.264,95%CI:1.134,1.395),being single(HR=1.593,95%CI:1.286,1.899)and not carrying APOE4(HR=0.453,95%CI:0.043,0.862)were protective factors for reversion to NC in MCI patients.Conclusion JLCM model has good application value in the study of chronic diseases such as cognitive impairment.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the natural history of Alzheimer's disease(AD)based on the multi-state Markov model and to provide methodological reference for the chronic diseases.Methods Based on the American public database ADNI,we constructed a three states Markov model to estimate the transition intensity,transition probability,influencing factors and sojourn time of different states.Survival curves and goodness of fit was obtained.Results Gender,age,FAQ,MMSE,CDRSB,ADAS13 and TMT-B-Time were important influencing factors in the natural history of AD.The mean sojourn time of NC and MCI was 7.502 and 11.621 years,respectively.Model fit can be accepted.Conclusion Multi-state Markov model has a good application value for the outcome prediction of multi-state chronic diseases such as AD.

Objective The shared random-effect model(SREM)was applied to study the reversion of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)to normal cognition(NC),to compare the predictive performance of different longitudinal cognitive markers for the reversion,and to evaluate the covariate effects of predictors.Methods The SREM model consisted of two sub-models:the longitudinal sub-model adopted linear mixed model to describe different longitudinal cognitive markers trajectories;and the survival sub-model used proportional risk model to fit the survival process.Goodness of fit was based on the log-likelihood value,and information criterion.AUC(area under the curve)was used to evaluate the predictive performance of different longitudinal cognitive markers,including MMSE,CDRSB,FAQ,ADAS11,ADAS13 and ADASQ4.Results There were 72(8.54%)of 843 patients with MCI reversed to NC at the end of follow-up.The log-likelihood value of the SREM model based on spline-PH-GH parameter distribution was the largest,and AIC and BIC were the smallest;the SREM model based on CDRSB score as longitudinal cognitive marker had the best fitting performance,with high AUC values at different times ranging from 0.797 to 0.852,and the lowest prediction error,ranging from 0.0427 to 0.0429.Age,gender,education level,marital status and APOEε4 gene affected the cognitive function and daily activity function.Six different longitudinal cognitive markers influenced the reversion.Conclusion CDR score was the best predictor of cognitive function and the reversion in MCI patients.Cognitive function and daily activity function can be used as dynamic monitoring indicators of MCI reversion.

Purpose To investigate and summarize the clinicopathological features,immunophenotype,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma(ATC).Methods The clinicopathological features and follow-up data of 15 patients with ATC were reviewed and retrospectively ana-lyzed,and the histological features,immunophenotypic,and molecular features were observed.Results There were 8 males and 7 females with a mean age of 63.5 years.The largest tumor diameter was 45.9 mm(range,20-73 mm).Macroscopically,the tumors appeared nodular or lobulated,mostly firm to hard,with a cut surface of gray-white or gray-yellow in color,and were accompanied by hemorrhage,necrosis,and cystic changes.Mi-croscopically,the tumor exhibited diverse structures and cellular morphology mainly composed of epithelioid,spindle,multinu-cleated giant cells,rarely rhabdoid morphology(2 cases)and heterologous osteosarcomtoid differentiation(1 case).Two cases showed squamous cell carcinoma morphology as well.Among them,there were pure ATC in 11 cases while three cases had mixed papillary thyroid carcinoma components and one case had coexisting high-grade differentiated thyroid carcinoma compo-nent.Cervical lymph node metastasis was present in 6 cases.CK(AE1/AE3)expression was observed in 80%of the cases while PAX8 expression was seen in53.3%.Varying degrees of BRAF(VE1)expression were found in 42.9%whereas weak focal TTF-1 expression occurred only in two cases;and all cases did not express TG.Overall,genetic testing was performed in 8 cases(53.3%).The TP53 gene was the most frequently muta-ted gene(5/8,62.5%),followed by the RAS(3/8,37.5%)and BRAF(3/8,37.5%)genes,while the TERT combined with PIK3CA gene was mutated in only one case.Moreover,multiple gene mutations occurred simultaneously in five cases.Of the total fourteen patients who underwent follow-up,the mean and median survival times were 13.9 and 5.0 months,respec-tively.The disease-specific mortality rate reached 78.6%.Conclusion ATC is extremely rare,displaying unique histolog-ical characteristics,often accompanied by various gene muta-tions.It has a poor prognosis;therefore,establishing a defini-tive pathological diagnosis provides valuable evidence for predic-ting patient outcomes and guiding clinical management.

Objective:To analyze the research status and comment of radiation-induced heart injury based on relevant literature analysis in China.Methods:A literature database was established with studies published from 1983 to 2021 as the data source from "China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database", "Wanfang Database", "VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database" and "China Biology Medicine Disc". The publication date, type and journal distribution of studied related to radiation-induced heart injury were quantitatively analyzed.Results:A total of 300 literatures were included. The chronological distribution of literatures: from 1983 to 2021, the number of literatures related to radiation-induced heart injury was gradually increased, and the overall trend was on the rise. The top three publication journals were Chinese Journal of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Journal of Radiation Medicineand Protection, and Chinese Journal of Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Literature type distribution: clinical research accounted for 48.50%, 25.58% for review, and 17.61% for animal experiment, respectively. The distribution of clinical research types: lung cancer, esophageal cancer and breast cancer were the most, followed by thymoma and lymphoma. In animal experiments, rat was the most frequently studied animal model, and the maximum radiation dose was 20 Gy. Conclusions:The number of studies related to radiation-induced heart injury is gradually increasing in China. The quantity of clinical studies is higher than that of animal experiments, most clinical studies focus on chest tumors, but there is great potential in animal experimental research. We still need to explore the pathogenesis of radiation-induced heart injury and develop drug prevention and intervention strategies.

BACKGROUND:Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,flexibility,and strong targeting,and can complete complex tasks in a single or clustered manner in a narrow environment.With the continuous optimization of materials,preparation processes,and driving approaches,they have shown increasingly important application value in the field of biomedicine. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the application of field-driven micro-robots in medical field and to look forward to their application prospect. METHODS:Using"microrobots,nanorobots,drivers,biomedical,medical"as Chinese keywords and"microrobots,micro-robots,nanorobots,micromachine,microswimmer,medical"as English keywords,WanFang Data and PubMed databases were searched,respectively.The search time range was from January 2010 to January 2024,and a small number of long-term articles were included.Through reading the titles and preliminarily screening the abstracts,the repetitive studies,low-quality journals,and irrelevant literature were excluded.After reading the entire text,66 papers were finally included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Field-driven medical micro-robots mainly include magnetic,optical,thermal,ultrasonic,and multi-mixed factor-driven robots.Field-driven robots have been used in intestinal diagnosis,drug targeting therapy,and stem cell therapy.Medical micro-robots are currently only used in a small number of clinical applications,but most of which are still in the theoretical and experimental stages.Medical micro-robots will face many challenges in future,such as large-scale preparation,precise control of micro-robots,recycling or degradation in vivo,whether the materials used will cause adverse reactions to the human body,and the related minimally invasive medical procedures.

Objective:To build an ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses based on Taylor model, so as to provide references for the construction of ideological and political education in undergraduate surgical nursing.Methods:Through literature analysis, a preliminary index system for ideological and political education in undergraduate surgical nursing courses was constructed. From November 2021 to January 2022, 12 experts were selected for two rounds of correspondence. Indexes at all levels were screened, modified and improved, an ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses was established.Results:The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert correspondence questionnaire was 100%, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.87. Kendall harmony coefficient of 2 rounds of correspondence was 0.193 and 0.411 ( P < 0.01), respectively. Finally, the ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses included 4 first-level indexes (educational objectives, educational contents, educational methods, educational evaluation), 9 second-level indexes and 40 third-level indexes. Conclusions:The ideological and political education index system for undergraduate surgical nursing courses has good scientificity and reliability, providing references for construction of ideological and political education in undergraduate surgical nursing.

The continuing challenges that limit effectiveness of tumor therapeutic vaccines were high heterogeneity of tumor immunogenicity, low bioactivity of antigens, as well as insufficient lymph nodes (LNs) drainage of antigens and adjuvants. Transportation of in situ neoantigens and adjuvants to LNs may be an effective approach to solve the abovementioned problems. Therefore, an FA-TSL/AuNCs/SV nanoplatform was constructed by integrating simvastatin (SV) adjuvant loaded Au nanocages (AuNCs) as cores (AuNCs/SV) and folic acid modified thermal-sensitive liposomes (FA-TSL) as shells to enhance de novo antitumor immunity. After accumulation in tumor guided by FA, AuNCs mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) induced the release of tumor-derived protein antigens (TDPAs) and the shedding of FA-TSL. Exposed AuNCs/SV soon captured TDPAs to form in situ recombinant vaccine (AuNCs/SV/TDPAs). Subsequently, AuNCs/SV/TDPAs could efficiently transport to draining LNs owing to the hyperthermia induced vasodilation effect and small particle size, achieving co-delivery of antigens and adjuvant for initiation of specific T cell response. In melanoma bearing mice, FA-TSL/AuNCs/SV and laser irradiation effectively ablated primary tumor, against metastatic tumors and induced immunological memory. This approach served a hyperthermia enhanced platform drainage to enable robust personalized cancer vaccination.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen associated with neurological complications, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults and microcephaly in fetuses and newborns. This mosquito-borne flavivirus causes important social and sanitary problems owing to its rapid dissemination. However, the development of antivirals against ZIKV is lagging. Although various strategies have been used to study anti-ZIKV agents, approved drugs or vaccines for the treatment (or prevention) of ZIKV infections are currently unavailable. Repurposing clinically approved drugs could be an effective approach to quickly respond to an emergency outbreak of ZIKV infections. The well-established safety profiles and optimal dosage of these clinically approved drugs could provide an economical, safe, and efficacious approach to address ZIKV infections. This review focuses on the recent research and development of agents against ZIKV infection by repurposing clinical drugs. Their characteristics, targets, and potential use in anti-ZIKV therapy are presented. This review provides an update and some successful strategies in the search for anti-ZIKV agents are given.
Adult ; Animals ; Drug Repositioning ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Microcephaly ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control*