Objective To investigate the significance of detecting the level of CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Sixty patients with T2DM in the Pingliang Municipal People′s Hospital from February 2013 to March 2015 were selected as the observation group And contemporaneous 60 individuals undergoing healthy physical exami-nation were selected as the control group.The levels of FBG,2 hBG,FINS,HbA1c,CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 were detected in these two groups.The correlation between CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 with FBG,FINS and HbA1c were analyzed.Results The levels of FBG,2 hBG and HbA1c in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The FINS level in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference has statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 in the observation group were (8.46±2.45)mg/L,(18.56±4.23)ng/L,(13.53±3.24)pg/L and (125.33±23.14)ng/L respectively,which were signifi-cantly higher than (3.23±1.02)mg/L,(11.25±3.01)ng/L,(7.24±1.78)pg/L and (98.45±18.56)ng/L in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).CRP,TNF-αand IL-6 were positively correlated with FBG,FINS and HbA1c;IGF-1 was negatively correlated with FBG and HbA1c.Conclusion Detecting the CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 and IGF-1 levels can provide a basis for the diagnosis of T2DM and thinking for its treatment.

Objective To observe the clinical effect and investigate the mechanisms of Yikun Oral Liquid in treating climacteric syndrome due to yin deficiency of liver and kidney. Methods One hundred and three cases of climacteric syndrome of yin deficiency of liver and kidney were observed, including 70 cases of treatment group (treated with Yikun Oral Liquid) and 33 cases of control group (treated with Tibolone tablets). Quantitative studies were performed on the clinical symptoms (using Kupperman marking standard), levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and endometrial thickness respectively before and after treatment. Results Clinical symptoms were improved obviously in two groups after treatment (P

Medical workers are the main designers and participants of clinical trials.In this consideration,popularization of good clinical practice (GCP)knowledge among them can improve their execution of trials,standardize basic clinical trial requirements,protect legitimate rights and health/safety of the subjects,and make the trial results more reliable.These objectives,if accomplished,will upgrade the clinical trials competency of medical institutions in China,and encourage healthy growth of the medical and pharmaceutical industry.The paper probed into the occupation qualification system of clinical trial workers and their supervision mechanism,inclusion of GCP into the continuing education system.

0.05).Compared with SHR group,left ventricular weight mass index decreased significantly in SHR-A group(P

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of acute postrenal acute renal dysfunction associated with ceftriaxone.Methods Twenty-five cases of the ceftriaxione-associated acute postrenal renal insufficiency were reviewed.There were 16 males and 9 females,mean age 28years.The serum contents of BUN and Cr were ( 18.6 ± 7.0) mmol/L and (635.5 ± 248.7 ) μmol/L,respectively.All patients were divided into two groups depending on the therapy:11 patients accepted the drug therapy (alkalinization of the urine,antispasmodic,etc) and 14 patients accepted the intraureteral cannula.The clinical characteristics and the treatment effect were compared between the 2 groups.Results The patients of the intraureteral cannula group ( 1.4 ± O.7 d) went to hospital earlier than the drug therapy group (3.0 ± 1.4 d) ( P =0.045 ) after the symptom of oliguria or anuria appeared.There were no significant differences in serum creatinine,urea nitrogen,and the age between the 2 groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).All the patients were cured after treatment.There were no significant differences in recovery time (2.9 ± 1.1 d and 3.2 ± 1.2 d,P =0.963) and hospitalization time (7.0 ±2.3 d and 5.9 +3.9 d,P =0.568) between the 2 groups.Conclusions The acute renal failure associated with ceftriaxone should have high attention.The prompt medical attention,including the intraureteral eannula and the drug therapy,can both achieve the satisfying curative effect.

Objective To screen the Schistosoma japonicum female specific expressing genes. Methods{S.japonicum} adult worms were collected from the rabbits’ vein after six-week infection by affusing method. The adult worms were stabilized by RNA-later liquid, the male and female worms were carefully separated with nipper. The high quality total RNA was extracted and mRNA was obtained after purification. Double stranded cDNAs were synthesized after reverse transcription. Female subtractive (female as tester, male as driver) and male subtractive (male as tester, female as driver) cDNA libraries were constructed. The differentially expressed genes were further screened by dot-blot hybridization. The clones were selected and sequenced, which showed apparently higher signals when hybridizing with the female subtracting male probes, than those signals when hybridizing with the male subtracting female probes. The homology of these sequences was searched with BLAST program. The semi-quantitative PCR was applied to test the differential gene expression in female and male adult worms. Result Female subtracting male and male subtracting female cDNA libraries were constructed with SSH technique. After dot-blot hybridization, 50 clones were tested to be the potential female differentially expressed genes and were sequenced. 42 expressing sequence tags (ESTs) were received. After bioinformatics analysis, 17 fragments (about 40^5%) showed high identity with the S.japonicum egg-shell protein genes, 17 sequences(about 40^5%) were highly homologous to unknown S.japoniucm genes and partly homologous to female specific 800 protein. 8 fragments (about 19^0%) showed high identity with other S.japonicum unknown genes. The fragments in clones of 577, 579, 668, 695, 720, and 708 were tested by RT-PCR to be the differentially expressed genes in female adult worms using S.japonicum actin gene as the internal standard. These fragments were highly homologous to S.japonicum egg shell protein gene AY222885, AY222895, AB017097, AF519182, M32281, and S.japonicum unknown gene AY813556 respectively. Conclusion SSH is essential to screen the differentially expressed genes of {S.japonicum} female worms. A number of female specific genes have been found by this method.

Objective To investigate the status quo of nutrition knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP) among elite female small ball athletes of Guangdong province and its influencing factors.Their serum ferritin was also observed to explore its correlation with their KAP,so as to provide evidences for formulating and implementing scientific and reasonable nutrition education schemes.Methods Fifty-four female small ball athletes,including 20 handball,20 hockey and 14 softball players,were selected to complete a self-designed diet questionnaire based on KAP education mode and their serum ferritin indicators were analyzed at the same time.Results (1)The average scores(all out of 100)of nutrition knowledge (K),attitude (A) and practice (P) were 43.64 ± 11.66 (with a failure rate of 90.7％),78.37 ± 10.21 (with the rate of excellence of 59.3％)and 63.10 ± 10.17(with a passing rate of 37.0％),and the average KAP score was 185.10 ± 23.01,with a passing rate of 44.4％.(2)The one-way ANOVA found that there were significant differences in the average A score and the total KAP score (P＜0.05) among the athletes of different small ball teams.The correlation analysis results showed that the average A score was of significant positive correlation to the average P score.Moreover,the average KAP total score was of significant correlation with sports events (P＜0.05) and the education level (P＜0.05),but not with the age,training period and exercise level(P＞0.05).The multiple stepwise regression analysis results showed that training period(P＜0.05) and sports events(P＜0.05) was the influencing factor of nutrition knowledge and attitude respectively,and that education level (P＜0.01) was the influencing factor of both nutrition practice and KAP.(3)Significant differences were found in the serum ferritin among athletes of different sports events(P＜0.05)the serum ferritin was of significant positive correlation with the nutrition knowledge(P＜0.05).Conclusion (1)The lack of sports nutrition knowledge and the unbalance of nutrition behavior are common in elite female small ball athletes,but they had a positive attitude.It is necessary to carry out a series of effective nutrition education programs to improve their sports nutrition knowledge,cultivate their good nutrition attitudes and finally formulate rational and effective nutritional intervention measures to promote the formation of healthy nutrition behavior of athletes.(2) The sport event is the key influencing factor of the nutrition attitude and dietary behaviors,which suggests that more more attention should be paid to athletes' dietary management and focus should be put on their diary behavior on no-training days and on their energy ratios control of each meal,especially breakfast and extra meals,and rational intake of snacks.(3)The incidence of iron deficiency is consistent with KAP questionnaire survey results,which indicates that it may be an effective measure to prevent iron deficiency anemia through strengthening athletes' dietary nutrition education.

Objective To express and purify the Schistosoma japonicum adenylate kinase(AK) protein of which the cDNA sequence was subcloned into the pET32a(+) soluble expression plasmid, and to evaluate its immunoreactivity. MethodsThe recombinant plasmid was transformed into {E.coli} BL21, and induced with IPTG for expression. The bacterial lysis was conducted by ultrasonication and the supernatant was analyzed by SDS_PAGE after boiling and centrifugation. The target protein was purified with the Ni_NTA agarose. The proteins on the gel were transferred to the PVDF film and then the immunoreactivity was tested by Western blotting using anti_6_His antibody, sera from rabbits 6 weeks after infected with cercariae or UV_attenuated cercariae. The purified protein was coated for ELISA to test the cercariae infected rabbit serum and the normal rabbit serum. Results The molecular weight of the target fusion protein was {Mr 40 000} after being induced with IPTG. The fused protein showed a single band when reacted with anti_6_His antibody, the cercariae infected rabbit serum and attenuated cercariae infected rabbit serum. Conclusion The AK protein is expressed as a fused protein with thioredoxin and its molecular weight is about {Mr 40 000}. This protein has a positive immunoreactivity with sera of rabbits infected with cercariae and UV_attenuated cercariae.

Objective To analyze the difference among antigens of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in different developmental stages and identify dominant diagnostic antigen for angiostrongyliasis. Methods Antigens of A.cantonensis in different developmental stages were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot. Results The protein bands of all developmental stages were similar on SDS-PAGE. The Mr 40 000 , 50 000 , 66 000 and 80 000 antigens reacted not only with the sera of rats infected by A.cantonensis but also with the sera of normal rats. The Mr 104 000 antigen could be discerned by sera of rats infected with A.cantonensis for 2 weeks. The Mr 32 000 antigen could be recognized by sera of rats 2 weeks after infection, and the reaction became stronger with the infection continued. Conclusion The Mr 40 000 , 50 000 , 66 000 and 80 000 antigens might result in the unspecific reaction in the immunodiagnosis of angiostrongyliasis using the crude antigen of A.cantonensis. The Mr 104 000 of larva, Mr 33 000 of adult females and Mr 32 000 of the worms might be used as candidate antigens in early diagnosis and epidemiological survey of angiostrongyliasis.

Objective To understand the actual situation of community‐based diabetes management and analyze common prob‐lems in diabetes management and find the solutions to diabetes management though the objective investigation .Methods The pa‐tient′s data including gender ,age ,education ,medication ,lifestyle information were collected by household face‐to‐face survey and were performed a single factor χ2 analysis of relevant indicators .Results Relative to the patients with middle school education only and is less than 3 000 a month ,the diabetic patients who ere above the junior middle school and family income equal to or greater than 3 000 had good diabetes management on medication ,diet ,exercise ,blood glucose monitoring ,diabetes related knowledge .Con‐clusion Patient′s education and economic level could effect attitudes toward diabetes ,medication ,diet ,exercise ,blood glucose moni‐toring ,diabetes‐related knowledge .