Objective:To inquiry the variety difference of upper airway caliber OSAHS sufferer and normal person in quiet respiration Method:Twenty OSAHS sufferer who were viewed by PSG and 16 normal adults who hadve no chief complaint of sleeping disease were selected.The curves of the subjects in a respiratory cycle were recorded by respiratory monitoring system in PSG,while the morphological changes in the harynx of all subjects were observed by fiberscope in a calm respiratory cycle,and then both of the two processes simultaneously were recorded on the same computer.According to the different stages of respiratory cycle by analyzing respiratory curve the video had been edited into pictures about the various anatomical areas in the upper airway,he cross section area and the dimension of palate and lingua and root of the tongue region upper irway wereas studied by the image tools in computer,and the changes of areas and dimensions at palate,and lingua and root of the tongue region upper airway were calculated.Result:It was found that there wasis a morphological change f the upper airway with the respiratory movement in the both groups.The upper airway caliber decrease with inspiration begin and reach the most narrowing at the end of inspiration,then upper airway caliber enlarges with the expiration begin and reach the most widening at the end of expiration.No matter the normal group or the OSAHS roup has the obvious changes in the palate and lingua region on the diameter,the cross section area and the dimension in respiration.The changes in the palate and lingua region on the diameter,the cross section area and the dimension of OSAHS group were greater than normal group.No matter OSAHS group or normal group on the diameter nd cross section area change in the palate was obviously more than the tongue area and the root of tongue area.The changes of OSAHS group on the dimension in the palate were greater than the tongue area and the root of tongue area.Conclusion:There are periodically changes of upper airway during respiration cycle in normal adults and SAHS patients.The effects of respiration on upper airway caliber of OSAHS patients are more obviously than normal adults.and the increasing effects in OSAHS patients is one of OSAHS etiology.

BACKGROUND:Autologous bone-skin flap transplantation is the best method for the repair of composite tissue defect, but the repair ability is limited, with big trauma, new tissue defect and a certain dysfunction. Al ogeneic bone has the osteoinductive capacity, which can be used to prepare the bone-skin flap. OBJECTIVE:To research the pathological change of the al ogenic bone during the prefabrication of bone-skin flap with al ogeneic bone implant. METHODS:The experimental animals were Bama miniature pigs. Deep-frozen al ogenic bone was implanted in iliac artery-supported tissue flap compartment of miniature pigs. After operation, the local reactions were observed, the al ogenic bone were studied by general observation and histological analysis at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after implantation respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Obvious inflammation reaction was not observed in the surgical zone. The al ogeneic bone was vascularized at 4 weeks after implanted into the flap tissue without obvious osteoblast-like cells. The vascularization, bone resorption and uneven distributed osteoblast-like cells and osteoclast-like cells were observed at 8 weeks after implantation, and new bone formation was observed. At 12 weeks after implantation, new bone formation and bone absorption was strengthened, and the morphology of the bone graft was changed. At 16 weeks after implantation, al ogenic bone turned into fragments and absorbed, and no new bone formation was observed. The results indicated that during the prefabrication of bone-skin flap with al ogeneic bone implantation, the pathological changes of the al ogeneic bone was observed with time prolonging, and the bone-skin flap should be transplanted in time.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of children tsutsugamushi infection in order to strengthen understanding,reduce the misdiagnosis rate,reduce the complications and improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.Methods To analyze retrospectively the clinical data and treatment outcome of 22 cases of children tsutsugamushi disease,including symptoms,physical signs and laboratory examination.Results All the cases with fever onset,high fever (＞ 39 ℃) was 72.7％ (16/22),all cases were typical eschars and ulcers,while 8 cases (36.4％,8/22)had lymphadenectasis.Merger multiple organ damage in 14 cases (63.6％,14/22),anemia in 11 cases (50.0％,11/22)and liver function abnormal in 4 cases (18.2％,4/22).All of 22 cases were treated with azithromycin.All cases after treatment with azithromycin heal,no recurrence.Conclusions The manifestation of tsutsugamushi disease is diversity,much complications,among which hematology and liver are the most common cases.Physical examination roundly might reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis as greatly as possible.Azithromycin has good therapeutic effects on children tsutsgamushi disease.

Objective To investigate the operative method and clinical rusults of repairing and reconstruction for bone and skin defect at medial malleolus.Methods Form January,2013 to January,2015,11 cases of patients with malleolus complex tissue defect were treated.According to the degree of damage to the cases were divided into four types,according to the type,selected flap,blood vessels,nerves,tendon graft,flap series connection iliac bone flap graft to repair,or direct ankle fusion,amputation to therapy.The Iliac flap donor site remained part of the anterior superior iliac spine and rebuild muscle starting and ending point,the donor sites wound was closed by skin graft.Results Followed-up of 1-24 months,in addition to amputation and ankle fusion each one exception,the remaining 9 patients underwent ankle reconstruction to reserve ankle.One case acquired infection,other 8 patients healed well,had different degree of recovery of the ankle function,the ankle function had recovery in different degree.AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score system:excellent in 4 cases,good in 4 cases,and poor in 1 case.Conclusion Ankle complex tissue defect classification method can be used to guide us to select the treatment options.Iliac bone flap series consisting mainly of composite tissue transplantation is a viable method of the medial malleolus defect reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE To summarize and evaluate the therapeutic studies on obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)in our country. METHODS Articles of therapeutic studies on OSAHS published in major journals of our country from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 2004 were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS A total of 201 articles were recruited. The number of articles published every year was increased with time and most of the articles were retrospective study. There were no standard criteria for evaluating the curative effect,and the cure rate of UPPP were obviously different according to different evaluation criteria. In same evaluation criteria,the short- term outcome were better than long-term outcome,and the patients underwent multiple levels surgery had better outcome than single UPPP. CONCLUSION Multi-center,large sampled and prospective random comparison therapeutic study based on evaluative criteria constituted by Chinese Medical Association should be carried out in the future study. The impersonal methods and criteria for evaluation the upper airway anatomic structure and pharyngeal wall resilience should be established. Individuality therapy should be done. And finally, bring on therapeutic effect of OSAHS to a higher level in our country.

Objective To study distribution rules of TCM syndrome characteristics of menopausal syndrome; To provide references for clinical treatment and further study.Methods The articles related to menopausal syndrome in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, CBM and TCMDS during Jun. 1983 to Jun. 2013 were retrieved and analyzed. The original data were input into computer and established the menopausal syndrome literature database. Methods of cluster analysis, factor analysis, and frequency analysis were combined to conduct statistical analysis.Results A total of 270 articles and 730 patients were included in the analysis, including 42 syndromes and 73 symptoms. The four diagnostic information of top 9 syndromes was analyzed by clustering and 5 kinds of basic syndrome types were obtained, including liver and kidney yin deficiency, liver depression, heart-kidney disharmony, heart and spleen deficiency, and spleen and kidney yang deficiency; the core symptoms of each syndrome were extracted by factor analysis and frequency dominance method, and the main points of syndrome differentiations were initially established. Conclusion Three methods combined with relevant expert advice were used to initially establish the syndrome diagnosis of menopause syndrome, which can lay a solid foundation for further study.

Objective: To prepare monoclonal antibodies (McAb) with cardiac troponin I (cTnI) which was purified from fresh human cardiac muscle within 6 h. Methods: (1) Extraction and purification of human cTnI: cTnI was purified by high salt extraction, saltless precipitation, 65℃ treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, etc. (2) Preparation of anti human cTnI McAb: The purified cTnI was injected into the spleen of BALB/c mice. The cTnI-primed spleen cells were fused with Sp2/0 myoloma cell. The McAbs anti human cTnI were obtained by screening with indirect ELISA and 3 times clone. (3)The identification of anti cTnI McAb. Results: Five hybridoma cell lines, named 3A7，3A11，3D2，3F10 and 1H9 were developed, which could secret McAb stably. The 5 McAbs all were demonstrated to be IgG2a by double gel diffusion test. The number of hybridoma chromosomes was between 92 to 110 and the chromosomes were mainly telocentric. Five kinds of ascites had no cross-reaction to LDH，CK，CK-MB ，AST and cardiac troponin T(cTnT), and their titers were between 3.2×10-6 to 1.6×10-7. Conclusion: 3D2，3F10 and 3A7,3A11,1H9 react to different epitopes of cTnI.

Objective In order to investigate the synaptic plasticity in dentate gyrus after seizures and axonal and dendrtic sprout- ing induced by KA administration. Methods The density of synapses, the curvature forms of synaptic interface were studied under electron microscope. Results 1 .The density of the synapse is decreased obviously 3 days after KA injection, while the density of synapses is increased to control level 7 days after KA injection. 2. Compare with the curvation forms of synaptic interface of control animals and 3days after KA administration animals, the amount of smile synapses is significantly decresed and the amount of frown synapses is significantly increased in the moleculous layer of dentate gyrus 7 days after KA injection. Conclusions 1 .This result demonstrates that the axonal and dendritic sprouting of dentate granule cells is functional. 2. The increase of frown synapse is related to the release of glutamate of sprouting mossy fibers.

OBJECTIVE: To inquiry the variety difference of upper airway caliber OSAHS sufferer and normal person in quiet respiration. METHOD: Twenty OSAHS sufferer who were viewed by PSG and 16 normal adults who hagve no chief complaint of sleeping disease were selected. The curves of the subjects in a respiratory cycle were recorded by respiratory monitoring system in PSG, while the morphological changes in the pharynx of all subjects were observed by fiberscope in a calm respiratory cycle, and then both of the two processes simultaneously were recorded on the same computer. According to the different stages of respiratory cycle by analyzing respiratory curve the video had been edited into pictures about the various anatomical areas in the upper airway, the cross section area and the dimension of palate and lingua and root of the tongue region upper airway whereas studied by the image tools in computer, and the changes of areas and dimensions at palate, and lingua and root of the tongue region upper airway were calculated. RESULT: It was found that there wasps a morphological change of the upper airway with the respiratory movement in the both groups. The upper airway caliber decrease with inspiration begin and reach the most narrowing at the end of inspiration, then upper airway caliber enlarges with the expiration begin and reach the most widening at the end of expiration. No matter the normal group or the OSAHS group has the obvious changes in the palate and lingua region on the diameter, the cross section area and the dimension in respiration. The changes in the palate and lingua region on the diameter, the cross section area and the dimension of OSAHS group were greater than normal group. No matter OSAHS group or normal group on the diameter and cross section area change in the palate was obviously more than the tongue area and the root of tongue area. The changes of OSAHS group on the dimension in the palate were greater than the tongue area and the root of tongue area. CONCLUSION There are periodically changes of upper airway during respiration cycle in normal adults and OSAHS patients. The effects of respiration on upper airway caliber of OSAHS patients are more obviously than normal adults, and the increasing effects in OSAHS patients is one of OSAHS etiology.
Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palate ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Palate, Soft ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Pharynx ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Respiration ; Respiratory System ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Tongue ; anatomy & histology ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of focal fractional laser treatment(FFLT)for atrophic acne scars. Methods A randomized, self-controlled study was performed. A total of 20 patients with atrophic facial acne scars were enrolled into this study. Treatments were randomly administered in a split-face manner. Half of each subject′s face received FFLT(FFLT side), and the other half underwent full-face fractional CO2 laser resurfacing(control side), for one session. All the patients were followed up for 3 months after the treatment. Evaluation was based on the ECCA grading scale (échelle d′évaluation clinique des cicatrices d′acné)and patient satisfaction score. A VISIA skin detector was used to take photographs and evaluate skin texture. Moreover, physical parameters of the skin, including erythema index, melanin index and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), were measured. Adverse effects were recorded and evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out by paired t test, Wilcoxon paired rank test, Fisher′s exact test and repeated-measure analysis of variance. Results The ECCA score decreased from 51.24 ± 17.61 at the baseline to 34.46 ± 14.99 at 3 months after the treatment at the FFLT side(t = 7.886, P < 0.05), and from 50.96 ± 18.96 to 38.29 ± 14.86 at the control side(t =6.123, P < 0.05), and was significantly lower in the FFLT side than in the control side (t = 4.462, P < 0.05)at 3 months after the treatment. The improvement rate was significantly higher in the FFLT side than in the control side (32.75% vs. 24.86%, P = 0.016 by Fisher′s exact test)at 3 months after the treatment. Decreased pain and edema scores were observed at the FFLT side compared with the control side at 1 hour after the treatment (both P < 0.05), but no significant difference was noted in the duration of erythema or crusting between the two sides (both P > 0.05). Compared with those before the treatment, skin texture scores decreased in both sides (both P < 0.05), and were significantly lower in the FFLT side than in the control side at 3 months after the treatment(P < 0.05). The erythema index was significantly lower in the FFLT side than in the control side in both scarred areas and non-scarred areas on day 1 after the treatment (both P < 0.05). Both melanin index and TEWL at the FFLT side were significantly increased in scarred areas, but decreased in non-scarred areas compared with those at the control side within 3 days after the treatment (all P < 0.05). Similarly, the water content of the stratum corneum at the FFLT side was significantly lower in scarred areas, but higher in non-scarred areas compared with that at the control side between day 1 and 7 after the treatment (both P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the erythema index, TEWL or water content of the stratum corneum between the FFLT side and control side at scarred areas or non-scarred areas(all P > 0.05)from 2 weeks to 3 months after the treatment(all P > 0.05). Conclusion FFLT can improve therapeutic outcomes in atrophic acne scars with reduced adverse reactions.