Diabetic retinopathy is a highly specific vascular complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.NF-?B can be triggered by oxidative stress and controls several programs of gene expression,the majority of which participate in the host inflammation and immune response.Evidence has accumulated that NF-?B is involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy.NF-?B activation induced by diabetes is associated with the apoptosis found in the pericyte,leukocyte-endothelial interaction,capillary basement membrane thickening,neovascularization and formation of epiretinal membranes.Inhibition of(NF-?B) activation has been suggested as a treatment strategy in diabetic retinopathy.

Objective:To study the express levels of transcription factor nuclear factor-?B in diabetic rat retina. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control groups of 1, 3 and 6 months, diabetic groupsof 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. Diabetic model of rat was induced by injecting streptozotocin (STZ). The retinal morphology was observed in paraffin slide by microscope. The expression of NF-?B was detected by immunohistochemistry and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Results: Histopathological changes were detected at 3 and 6 months. The changes were severer at 3 months than at 6 months. Activation of retinal NF-?B was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunohistochemistry at 1 month, and the NF-?B remained activated at 3 and 6 months in diabetic rats. Conclusion: NF-?B is activated in retina in diabetes before histopathological changes can be seen, and remains activated for the duration when the retinopathy is developing.

Objective:Activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-?B) has been suggested to participate in chronic disorders, such as diabetes and its complications. In contrast to the short activation of NF-?B , we observed a long-lasting activation of NF-?B and iNOS in the kidneys of diabetic rats. Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and diabetic group. The pathological changes in the kidneys of diabetic rats were observed at 1, 3 and 6 months respectively. The activity of NF-?B and iNOS was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results:The change of histopathology was severer at 6 months than at 3 months and 1 month in the kidneys of diabetic rats. A comparable increase in NF-?B p65 antigen was observed in the kidney cells especialy in vascular endothelial cells of diabetic rats, and the expression of iNOS in renal tissues of diabetic rats was higher than that of normal control. Conclusion:NF-?B and iNOS may play an important role in the pathoge-neis of diabetic rats, and the expression of them may be considered as a predictor of progressive renal in- jury in diabetic rats.

Objective To investigate the correlation between H.pylori strain possessing cagA gene and the formation of gastric lymphoid follicles(GLF),and the effect of H.pylori infection on the occurrence of GLF.Methods Antral biopsy specimens from 655 patients (chronic gastritis:n=479,peptic ulcer:n=176)were used for detection of H.pylori infection and histological analysis. CagA gene was examined in 70 clinical isolates by means of PCR－ amplification. Results The incidence of lymphoid follicles in gastric mucosa is significantly higher(60.14％ ) in patients with H.pylori infection than those without infection(17.06％ ).GLF is easier to be detected in patients with active gastritis than in those with inactive gastritis. There is no significant difference in the presence of GLF among H.pylori associated gastroduodenal diseases,such as chronic gastritis ,gastric ulcer. Moreover, there is also no significant relationship between H.pylori strains possessing cagA gene and GLF. Conclusion The presence of GLF might directly related with H.pylori infection, and can be observed as a constant morpholgical marker of H.pylori related gastroduodenal disease ;The formation of gastric lymphoid follicles is not related to the cytotoxin of cag A gene of H.pylori.

The quantitative parameters based on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)scan,simulate the distribution of contrast inside and outside of the blood vessels through a variety of tracer kinetic models.The DCE-MRI perfusion parameters now are widely applied in clinical management of uterine tumors,to analyze the microcirculation characteristics in tumor and to guide the diagnosis,tumor grading and efficacy evaluation.

Objective To explore more effective treatments of Chinese medicine for diabetic nephropathy.Methods This study took opened non-relevant documents knowledge discovery method to study the diabetic nephropathy literatures in order to find the hidden links among literatures. A valuable scientific hypothesis will be put forward upon the study to guide or implement a new knowledge discovery after it acquire the agreement of experts. Results Use keywords frequency statistics method based on open non-related literature knowledge discovery, the anti-inflammatory herbs were filtered out Most herbs with anti-inflammatory effects had the functions of clearing away heat and detoxicating, expelling wind and removing dampness. Conclusion Prescriptions with the functions of clearing away heat and detoxicating, expelling wind and removing dampness may delay the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy and play an important role in curing this disease.

This survey included 59 secondary researches of traditional pharmaceutical patent literatures. The analysis was made on statistical indicator of the amount of annual papers, authors, institutions, published journals and re-search contents. The survey revealed that in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the number of sec-ondary research of patent literature was on the increase, and the degree of concern of TCM patent was far more than others. This survey not only assisted the understanding of current condition of TCM patent literatures, but also held its development trend in order to apply it in the studies.

From the perspective of efficacy evaluation based on the literatures of MEDLINE database,the study carries out a bibliometrics study on domestic and foreign acupuncture clinical trials of the past three decades.The study involves the statistical classification on different systems and diseases,as well as statistics of diseases species on RCT or non- RCT involved,which will provide ideas and directions on diseases selection for the efficacy evaluation and re-evaluation researches in the field of evidence based medicine.

Objective:To establish an animal model of slow transit constipation and the pathobiological changes in interstitial cell of Cajal in colon. Methods:The mouse model was established by subcutaneous administration of morphine. Fecal weight was recorded daily. Transit functions of intestinal movement were examined by activated charcoal suspension pushing test and the changes of interstitial cell of Cajal were observed by immunohistochemical methods. Results:Compared with the controlled mice, there was a significant decrease in fecal weight daily(P

Objective To observe the effect of Jian Pi Hua Shi Ke Li(JPHSKL) on IBS‐D ,gastrointestinal peptide hormones of rats 5‐HT ,and explore the therapeutic mechanism .Methods 60 clean‐level Wistar rats were used in the experiment .The rats were randomly divided into normal group ,model group ,JPHS low ,middle ,high and Deshute group(10 rats in each group) .Used gavage senna and restraint stress to establish D‐IBS rat model .The drug contrations of JPHSKL low ,midle ,high group were 1 .5 ,2 .5 ,4 .0 g/mL ,3 mg/mol in Deshute group .Once each day ,for 2 weeks ,the other groups were nomol group without any treatment and mod‐el group which building successful .Immunohistochemical SABC method to observe 5‐HT level of colonic specimens .Results The 5‐HT level in colonic tissue of the rats in IBS‐D model were obviously higher than the nomal group(P<0 .01) ,and the 5‐HT level in colonic tissue in JPHSKL treated group were obviously lower than the mold group (P<0 .05) .Among them ,the JPHSKL high group had significant effect and there was no obviously difference with Deshute group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion JPHSKL can im‐prove gastrointestinal function of IBS‐D model rats ,effect mechanism is relating to decrease the level of 5‐HT in colonic mucosa .