Metabolic components of human intestinal flora bind to their corresponding receptors and stimulate inflammatory cy-tokine secretion. Other changes become evident and cause inflammation, as a result, colorectal cancer (CRC) occurs. Probiotics protect intestinal mucosa and prevent CRC by functioning as an intestinal barrier and inhibiting DNA damage. Probiotics can also be used not only to prevent CRC but also to induce adjuvant treatment of CRC. Gastrointestinal tract surgery can affect gut microbiota metabolism and microecological balance. This review focuses on current research progress on the relationship between intestinal microflora and CRC.

Objective To evaluate the effciency of different embolic agents inducing the changes of the liver morphology and function in the selective portal vein embolization (PVE).Methods Forty five Spraque-Dawley rats were used in this experiment.Five were served as a control group and forty were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each.Right PVE was performed in each group by one of four different embolic agents respectively.Five rats from each group were sacrificed and dissected to inspect the morphological changes on 14th and 21st day after the procedure.The results of different groups were analyzed according to the weight ratios of the right lobe to the whole liver and the whole liver to the body,and the results were compared to each other and those of the control group using statistical Student“ t ”test. Results After the procedure,the embolized lobe was turned gray immediately with no significant differences between groups.Both on the 14th and 21st day after the procedure,the right lobe of the liver from the rats of group 1,2,3 were atrophied apparently with lots of spotty yellow scars in different sizes.There was no significant change of the embolized right lobe from group 4.By statistical analysis,the embolization using Lipiodol-ethanol 2∶1 mixture in group 2 resulted in better atrophy than group 1 ( P 0.05) and more than the gelfoam pieces ( P

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) on advanced gastric carcinoma. Methods: Sixty patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were divided into the control group and the treatment group. All patients underwent radical gastrectomy and D2 node dissection. Patients in the treatment group received CHPP when surgical resection was completed. Patients in the control group underwent resection of gastric carcinoma without CHPP. Chemotherapy was administered with FOLFOX4 regimen intravenously for 12 cycles in both groups at 4 weeks after surgery. The serum Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA19-9 were measured in patients with advanced gastric cancer before and after resection of tumor. Survival and recurrence in both groups were analyzed and compared. Results: The mean levels of the expression of CEA and CA19-9 in the peripheral blood of the 60 patients were significantly higher than the upper limits of normal (55.89±22.25μg/L vs 0～5μg/L; 125.35±61.78 U/mL vs 0～39U/mL P< 0.01). There were no significant differences in the mean levels of the expression of CEA and CA19-9 in the peripheral blood between the treatment group and the control group (54.67±22.95μg/L vs 56.09±22.15μg/L; 126.16±62.45 U/mL vs 123.35±60.88 U/mL,P>0.05). The serum CEA and CA19-9 levels were significantly decreased at 7 days after treatment in the treatment group (7.58±3.21 μg/L, 31.35±13.47 U/mL, P<0.01). The levels of these two tumor markers were decreased unremarkably at 7 days after treatment in the control group (37. 68±20.59μg/L, 98.23±36.28 U/mL, P>0.05). The serum CEA and CA19-9 levels were decreased significantly in both groups at 30 days after surgery (P<0.05). One-year survival and recurrence rates were 83.3% and 10% in the treatment group and 80% and 13.3% in the control group, with no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). Three-year survival and recurrence rates were 63.3% and 20% in the treatment group and 40% and 40% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Surgical resection combined with CHPP can significantly decrease the serum CEA and CA19-9 levels. Intraoperative CHPP for patients with advanced gastric carcinoma is helpful for preventing peritoneal metastasis and recurrence and can prolong survival time.

Objective To discuss the nursing care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib. Methods A total of 23 consecutive patients with advanced HCC who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. TACE was carried out in all patients. Three-five days after TACE the patients started to orally take sorafenib. During the treatment course, the patients were kept under close observation for adverse reactions and complications. After leaving the hospital the patients were followed up by the extended care team members, and health education as well as appropriate nursing intervention was carried out. Results All patients with advanced HCC took sorafenib orally after TACE. The major adverse events and complications were gastrointestinal adverse reactions (n = 22) and transient liver dysfunction (n = 23). After leaving the hospital all the patients received regular follow- up examination and extended nursing care. Conclusion Usually, the incidence of adverse reactions is higher in patients with advanced HCC after TACE combined with sorafenib treatment. Careful in-hospital observation and extended out-hospital nursing can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and thus improve the patient’s quality of life.

Objective: To understand the effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer, this study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of patients undergoing surgery combined with HIPEC and those undergoing surgery alone. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 80 stage IIIb gastric cancer patients who underwent HIPEC and 90 stage IIIb gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery alone at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between January 2009 and January 2014. These patients were divided into the HIPEC group (study group) and the surgery group (control group). The study and control groups included 24 and 26 signet ring cell carcinoma patients and 56 and 64 non-signet ring cell carcinoma patients, respectively. The study and control groups included 12 and 15 Borrmann type I cases, 28 and 30 Borrmann type Ⅱ cases, 23 and 26 Borrmann type III cases, and 17 and 19 Borrmann type cases, respectively. Four weeks after surgery, the two groups were treated with chemotherapy using the S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) regimen for 8 courses. This study analyzed and compared the survival of patients with gastric cancer of different pathological types and Borrmann's classifications. The surgical complications of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The 5-year survival rates of the study group and the control group were 36.25% and 28.89%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among the patients with signet ring cell carcinoma, the 5-year survival rates of the study group and the control group were statistically significant (25.00% vs. 15.38%, respectively, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the 5-year survival rate between the non-signet ring cell carcinoma patients in the study group and the control group (41.07% vs. 34.38%, respectively, P>0.05). The 5-year survival rates between Borrmann type I and typeⅡ patients in the study and control groups were not significantly different (41.67% vs. 40.00%, 35.71% vs. 33.33%, respectively, P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the 5-year survival rates between Borrmann type III and type patients in the study and control groups (39.13% vs. 26.92%, 29.41% vs. 15.79%, respectively, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in surgical complications between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: Surgery combined with HIPEC is safe and improves the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced gastric cancer classified as signet ring cell carcinoma, Borrmann type III, and Borrmann type .

Objective: To investigate the corrective effect of modified Brisson technique to treat concealed penis in children. Methods: From July 2015 to July 2017, 32 patients(3-10 years old, mean 7.2 years old )with concealed penis were treated with the modified Brisson technique in the Children′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University. All the children with concealed penis were treated by the modified Brisson technique, complications, postoperative results and followed-ups were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 32 cases of concealed penile children had pain on the postoperative day, 2 cases required patient controlled analgesia device. No infection and dehiscence were noticed after discharge. All the children were followed up for 6 months to 1 year, and the results were satisfactory. Review showed that the penile body was similar to the appearance after circumcision, with obvious extension exposure, normal exposure of penile scrotal Angle and penile pubic Angle, and no obvious retraction. The internal plate of the prepuce in 5 cases was slightly edema, and edema dissolved within 2 months. Conclusions Modified Brisson is a better method to treat concealed penis in children, which can correct the pathological structure and retain the integrity of penile skin to the greatest extent.

Peritoneal carcinoma is a kind of malignant tumor which occurs and develops on the peritoneum, including primary and secondary tumors. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is a combined therapy of intraperitoneal perfusion, hyperthermia and chemotherapy on peritoneal cancer, with satisfactory curative effect. In recent years, with the continuous progress of technology and research, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy has become the most effective method for the treatment of peritoneal cancer. In this paper, we review the current situation of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy on peritoneal cancer.

OBJECTIVETo estimate the hospitalization rate of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases attributable to influenza in Jingzhou city, Hubei province from 2010 to 2012.

METHODSSARI surveillance was conducted at four hospitals in Jingzhou city, Hubei province from 2010 to 2012. Inpatients meeting the SARI case definition and with informed consent were enrolled to collect their demographic information, clinical features, treatment, and disease outcomes, with their respiratory tract specimens collected for PCR test of influenza virus.

RESULTSFrom April, 2010 to September, 2012, 19 679 SARI cases enrolled were residents of Jingzhou, and nasopharyngeal swab was collected from 18 412 (93.6%) cases of them to test influenza virus and 13.3% were positive for influenza. During the three consecutive 2010-2012 flu seasons, laboratory-confirmed influenza was associated with 102 per 100 000, 132 per 100 000 and 244 per 100 000, respectively. As for the hospitalization rate attributable to specific type/subtype of influenza virus, 48 per 100 000, 30 per 100 000 and 24 per 100 000 were attributable to A (H3N2), A (H1N1) pdm2009, and influenza B, respectively in 2010-2011 season; 42 per 100 000 [A (H3N2)] and 90 per 100 000 (influenza B) in 2011-2012 season; 90 per 100 000 [A (H3N2)] and one per 100 000 [influenza B] from April, 2010 to September, 2012. SARI hospitalization caused by influenza A or B occurred both mainly among children younger than five years old, with the peak in children aged 0.5 year old.

CONCLUSIONInfluenza could cause a substantial number of hospitalizations and different viral type/subtype result in different hospitalizations over influenza seasons in Jingzhou city, Hubei province. Children less than five years old should be prioritized for influenza vaccination in China.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Demography ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; Inpatients ; Laboratories ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Seasons ; Vaccination

OBJECTIVETo explore the association of perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) with survival of gastric cancer after surgery.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1 000 gastric cancer patients, including 738 non-transfused (73.8%) and 262 transfused (26.2%) cases. A one to one match was created using propensity score analysis, except preoperative hemoglobin level and operative blood loss. The survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival model.

RESULTSThe 5-year survival rate of the 1 000 cases of gastric cancer patients was 39.9%. Before matching, there was a significant difference between transfused group (33.6%) and non-transfused group (49.1%, P<0.005). Univariate analysis showed that age, tumor size, hemoglobin level, albumin level, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, lymph node dissection, surgery mode, adjuvant chemotherapy, blood loss and blood transfusion during perioperative period were associated with prognosis in the gastric cancer patients (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, lymph node dissection, chemotherapy and perioperative blood transfusion were independent prognostic factors in gastric cancer (all P<0.05). After matching, the 5-year survival rate of the 262 non-transfused patients was 37.7%, while that of the 262 transfused patients was 33.6% (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPerioperative blood transfusion has no significant effect on the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Analysis of Variance ; Blood Transfusion ; mortality ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Perioperative Period ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Rate