Objective To evaluate the changes parameters of polysomnographic ( PSG) with different subtypes of primary Parkinson's disease ( PD ) and analyze the clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in PD patients. Methods Ninety patients with primary PD [ tremor-predominant PD group ( n = 40 ) , postural instability gait disorder ( PIGD )-predominant PD group ( n = 50 ) ] and 50 healthy controls were detected by full night PSG monitoring. And the results were compared. Results Compared with tremor-predominant PD group, the total sleep time, bed time, sleep wake-up times, sleep efficiency and rapid eye movement ( REM ) sleep time of PIGD-predominant PD group were significantly lower (all P<0. 05), however, the sleep latency, S1 (min), S1 (%), S2 (min), S2 (%), S3+S4(min), S3+S4 (%) had no statistical significance (all P>0. 05). Compared with the controls, the total sleep time and bed time of tremor-predominant PD group were significantly lower (all P<0. 05), however, the sleep wake-up times, sleep efficiency, REM sleep time, sleep latency, S1 ( min ) , S1 (%) , S2 (min), S2 (%), S3 + S4 (min), S3 + S4 (%) had no statistical significance (all P>0. 05). Combined with video surveillance video observation,the abnormality of REM sleep behavior disorder ( RBD) was 70% with PIGD-predominant PD group, in which the abnormality of tremor-predominant PD group was 2. 5%. Conclusions The PIGD-predominant PD patients are more likely to appear sleep disorders and RBD than tremor-predominant PD patients. It may be related to clinical heterogeneity of different PD subtypes.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of codonoposide in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook.F..Methods:The HPLC analysis was performed on a Kromasil C18column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was 0. 1% phosphoric acid-acetonitrile (70∶ 30) and the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 203 nm and the column temperature was 30℃. Results:Codonoposide in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. F. had a good separation from the oth-er components, and a good linear relationship was obtained within the range of 1. 09-17. 41 μg( r=0. 999 9). The average recovery was 98. 46%(RSD=1. 64%, n=6). Conclusion: The method is practicable with promising repeatability, which can be applied in the content determination of codonoposide in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. F. .

Objective To explore the MRI characterisitics of primary dilated cardiomyopathy and isolated left ventricular non-compaction.Methods The patients who were diagnosed as primary dilated cardiomyopathy (n=18) and isolated left ventricular non-compaction (n=10) were enrolled,and the MRI was performed.The thickness of non-compaction myocardium (NC),compaction myocardium (C) in end-diastole,the feature of movement of myocardium,the number of non-compaction segment,the fraction shortening of non-compaction and the distribution were compared.Results Totally 823 segments were analyzed in primary dilated cardiomyopathy,in which 124 segments were non-compaction myocardium;397 segments were analyzed in isolated left ventricular non-compaction,in which 115 segments were non-compaction myocardium.The NC,NC/C,NC/(NC+C),and the fraction shortening of the isolated left ventricular non-compaction patients were higher than those of primary dilated cardiomyopathy patients (all P＜0.05).The features of distribution showed that the apical segment was mostly involved,and the basal segment was less involved or hardly involved.The anterior and lateral segments were more involved in the free wall,the septal was less involved.Conclusion The MRI characteristics of primary dilated cardiomyopathy and isolated left ventricular non-compaction are different,especially in the distribution,non compacted segments,NC and NC/C,which is important for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the biological activity of ellagic acid extracted from gallnut against nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its molecular mechanism. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma 5-8F cells were treated with 2, 4, 6 μg/mL ellagic acid for 48 h in vitro. The cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were analyzed by MTT and Hoechst33258 stain. The cell cycle and protein expression were measured by flow cytometry and Western blot. RESULTS: Ellagic acid inhibited the proliferation of 5-8F cells. The inhibition rates were (29.35±4.95)%, (53.32 ±4.44)% and ( 61.75 + 6.93)%, respectively, with significant difference from the control group (P<0.01). S phase cells in the experimental groups were (25.47±0.74)%, (28.08±1.41)% and (35.49±0.66)%, respectively, with significant difference (P<0.01) from the control group (21.26±0.70)%. Cells in the experimental groups showed nuclear pyknosis, karyorrhexis and poptotic cell morphology. The expression of COX-2 and stathmin in 5-8F cells was down-regulated with increased drug concentration. CONCLUSION Ellagic acid extracted from gallnut has activity against nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and its mechanism may be related to down-regulated expression of COX-2 and stathmin.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Ellagic Acid ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Stathmin ; genetics ; metabolism

Objectives:To compare the effects of manual and mechanical chest compression on patients receiving extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).Methods:Patients who underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation admitted to Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Hangzhou First People's Hospital and the First Hospital of Jiaxing from September 2014 to July 2022 were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into the manual group and mechanical group according to the compression method, and the clinical data of the two groups were compared. To explore the effects of the two compression method on the ECPR implementation, proportion of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hospital survival.Results:A total of 108 patients who underwent ECPR were included in the study, 50 patients in the manual group and 58 patients in the mechanical group. There were no significant differences in sex, age, laboratory tests before ECPR, ROSC proportion (90.0% vs. 86.2%) and survival (34.0% vs. 39.7%) between the two groups (all P>0.05). The puncture time in the mechanical group was shorter than that in the manual group [12 (9,15) min vs. 13 (11,16) min, P<0.05]. Conclusions:Compared with manual compression, mechanical compression during ECPR neither increase the probability of ROSC nor reduce in-hospital mortality in patients with cardiac arrest. However, mechanical compression may help to shorten the puncture time.

Objective: To investigate the overexpression frequencies of BRE and EVI1, the correlation between BRE and EVI1 expressions and their possible clinical implications in 11q23/MLL rearrangement acute leukemia. Methods: Cytogenetic examination of bone marrow cells was performed by short-term culture method. R-banding technique was used for karyotype analysis. 47 patients were detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with dual-color break apart MLL probe. The expressions of EVI1 and BRE genes were detected by real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) . The correlation and prognostic significance were statistically tested. Results: 11q23/MLL rearrangements were confirmed by karyotyping and FISH, respectively in 47 patients. According to immunophenotypic analyses of 37 patients, 5 patients showed positive for CD19, CD79a or CD10, 1 for CD7; the others for CD33, CD13, CD14 and CD15, and 16 of them for CD34. Of the 47 patients, 18 patients showed EVI1 overexpression and most of them presented with t (6;11) and M₄/M₅. The EVI1 expression was high in t (6;11) or t (9;11) subgroup comparable with levels observed in normal subgroup (P=0.038, 0.022, respectively) . 15 patients showed high BRE expression, and most of them presented with t (9;11) and M₄/M₅. High BRE expression was found in t (4;11) , t (6;11) , t (9;11) and t (11;19) subgroups, respectively by comparing with normal subgroup. The BRE expression was higher in t (4;11) (P=0.004) or t (9;11) (P=0.012) subgroup than in t (6;11) subgroup. Patients with EVI1 overexpression had a short survival compared with those with low EVI1 expression (P=0.049) and it also did in t (9;11) subgroup (P=0.024) . Patients with t (9;11) and high BRE expression had a long survival compared with those with t (9;11) and low BRE expression (P=0.024) . Conclusion The EVI1 overexpression was significantly frequent in acute leukemia patients with 11q23/MLL rearranged, especially within t (6;11) subgroup and M₄/M₅, which was associated with an inferior outcome. High BRE expression was observed frequently in 11q23/MLL-rearranged acute leukemia especially within t (9;11) subgroup and M₅.

【Objective】 To observe the changes of coagulation factor activity and protein content of the thawed fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and fresh liquid plasma (FLP) during storage at 2-6℃, and to provide reference for exploring the appropriate storage time of FFP at 2-6℃ after thawing. 【Methods】 The small-thaw group and the large-thaw group were respectively detected for the activity of coagulation factor FⅤ (FⅤ∶C) and FⅧ(FⅧ∶C), and the levels of fibrinogen (Fib), total protein (TP) and albumin (Alb) in TTP at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after thawing. And the FLP was detected for FⅤ∶C, FⅧ∶C, Fib, TP and Alb at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 days and 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26 and 31 days after preparation, respectively. 【Results】 In FFP group, FⅧ∶C decreased gradually with the prolongation of storage time after melting (P<0.05), and decreased by 37.4% and 47.6% respectively in the two groups on the 7th day. There was no statistical difference in FⅤ∶C, Fib, TP and Alb (P>0.05). In FLP group, FⅧ∶C decreased gradually with the prolongation of storage time after melting (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in FⅤ∶C in 7-day storage group (P>0.05), but it decreased gradually in 31-day storage group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in Fib, TP and Alb (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Although FⅧ∶C is decreased in thawed FFP stored at 2-6℃ for 7 days, it is still about 52.4%, which should be able to play a normal role in clinical practice.

Tumors in which the microenvironment is characterized by lack of immune cell infiltration are referred as "cold tumors" and typically exhibit low responsiveness to immune therapy. Targeting the factors contributing to "cold tumors" formation and converting them into "hot tumors" is a novel strategy for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. Adenosine, a hydrolysis product of ATP, accumulates with a significantly higher concentration in the tumor microenvironments compared with normal tissue and exerts inhibitory effects on tumor-specific adaptive immunity. Tumor cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells express abundant adenosine receptors on their surfaces. The binding of adenosine to these receptors initiates downstream signaling pathways that suppress tumor antigen presentation and immune cell activation, consequently dampening adaptive immune responses against tumors. Adenosine down-regulates the expression of major histocompatibility complex Ⅱ and co-stimulatory factors on dendritic cells and macrophages, thereby inhibiting antigen presentation to T cells. Adenosine also inhibits ligand-receptor binding and transmembrane signaling on T cells, concomitantly suppressing the secretion of anti-tumor cytokines and impairing T cell activation. Furthermore, adenosine hinders effector T cell trafficking to tumor sites and infiltration by inhibiting chemokine secretion and KCa3.1 channels. Additionally, adenosine promotes the secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, increases immune checkpoint protein expression, and enhances the activity of immunosuppressive cells, collectively curbing cytotoxic T cell-mediated tumor cell killing. Given the immunosuppressive role of adenosine in adaptive antitumor immunity, several inhibitors targeting adenosine generation or adenosine receptor blockade are currently in preclinical or clinical development with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapies. This review provides an overview of the inhibitory effects of adenosine on adaptive antitumor immunity, elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved, and summarizes the latest advances in application of adenosine inhibition strategies for antitumor immunotherapy.
Humans ; Adenosine/pharmacology* ; T-Lymphocytes ; Adaptive Immunity ; Cytokines ; Neoplasms/therapy* ; Tumor Microenvironment

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAH) metabolites,DNA oxidative damage and ring finger protein 2( RING2) expression in coke oven workers. METHODS: A judgment sampling method was used to select 497 coke oven workers in a steel plant as exposure group and 175 water treatment workers in the same plant as control group. The levels of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene, 2-hydroxynathalene, 2-hydroxyfluorene,9-hydroxyphenanthrene and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine(8-OHd G) were detected by high performance liquid chromatography.The RING2 expression in whole blood was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The relative expression of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene,2-hydroxynathalene,2-hydroxyfluorene,9-hydroxyphenanthrene and RING2 in exposure group were higher than that in control group( P < 0. 01). The logistic regression analysis indicated that the higher the level of 1-hydroxypyrene,the higher the risk of high-RING2 expression( P < 0. 05) after adjusting for factors such as sex,age,smoking status,alcohol drinking,2-hydroxynathalene,2-hydroxyfluorene and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene.In 1-hydroxypyrene middle and high level groups,the 8-OHd G concentration of high-RING2 expression workers was significantly higher than those of low-RING2 expression workers( P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: With the increase of urinary1-hydroxypyrene,the risk of high-RING2 expression was elevated,the degree of DNA oxidative damage was gradually increased.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical and laboratory features of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with atypical e14a3 and e19a2 BCR-ABL fusion gene subtypes.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed a cohort of CML patients with Ph chromosome positive confirmed by cytogenetic and FISH but classical e13a3(b2a2), e14a2(b3a2)and e1a2 fusion transcripts negative identified by conventional real-time quantification RT-PCR (RQ-PCR). Further RQ-PCR was done with the forward primer and reverse primer designed to detect rare atypical BCR-ABL fusion genes including e14a3 and e19a2 transcripts. Direct sequencing analysis was performed on the PCR products and mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase domain were detected. The clinical data of patients were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSSix CML patients were found to carry t(9;22) abnormality and BCR-ABL rearrangement confirmed by FISH but classical BCR-ABL fusion genes negative detected by RQ-PCR. Further RQ-PCR and sequencing analysis confirmed the fusion of BCR exon 14 and ABL exon 3 in five CML patients (case 1-5) and the fusion of BCR exon 19 and ABL exon 2 in one CML patient (case 6). E255K and I293T IM-resistant mutations were detected in case 1 and 2, respectively. Among five cases with e14a3 transcripts, four were CML-CP, one CML-AP. Four patients were male and one was female. The median age was 48 years. The patient (case 6) with e19a2 transcripts was 40-year-old female with a diagnosis of CML-CP and PLT count was more than 1 000×10⁹/L. Imatinib (IM) therapy was administer in case 1, 2, 3, 4 and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was undergone in case 5 after hydroxyurea (Hu) or interferon failure. Case 1 who had E255K IM resistant mutation, responded poorly to IM but obtained a complete cytogenetic remission (CCyR) after a substitution of dasatinib for IM. Case 2 and 3 achieved CCyR 6 months later after IM treatment and had been maintained well with IM despite I293T mutation in case 2. Case 4 attained CCyR 3 months later after IM treatment but relapsed and died soon. Case 5 was still in CCyR after HSCT. Case 6 with e19a2 transcripts got complete hematologic response after Hu treatment and CCyR was achieved soon after IM therapy.

CONCLUSIONIncidence of CML with atypical transcripts is extremely low. They could benefit from tyrosine kinase inhibitors or HSCT. Rare and atypical BCR- ABL fusion gene subtypes could be missed by conventional RQ-PCR.

Adult ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; classification ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies