Objective]Summary of the role of adipokineson insulin resistance and the effective components and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine and its extract in recent years to improve insulin resistance.[ Methods]Consulting CNKI, VIP database, PubMed database about adipokines to improve insulin resistance and effective components of traditional Chinese medicine research literature, summarize the main adipokines and traditional Chinese medicine for improving IR by interfering with the adipokines.[Result]Leptin, adiponectin and resistin and other factors play a key role in the formation of insulin resistance and diabetes.The research on the effect of Chinese herbal medicine extract and its active components on the improvement of insulin resistance by the intervention of the adipokines is also increasing.[Conclusion]The inflammatory reaction mediated by the adipokines is one of the important factors that lead to insulin resistance, traditional Chinese medicine can effectively improve the type 2 diabetes insulin resistance caused by adipokines.

Objective To examine the effect of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on local pancreas pathological changes, serum levels of amylase, IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Fifty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: CO2 experiment group ( n =20): SAP was induced by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate through retrogradely common biliopancreatic ducts via duodenal papilla,and then CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established at a pressure of 12 mmHg for 30 min; SAP group ( n = 20): The rats were treated as same as CO2 experiment group, excepting CO2 pneumoperitoneum; Control group (n = 10): Abdomen was incised and nothing was done to duodenum and pancreas except for moving them softly. The blood samples were gathered for examining serum levels of amylase, IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin, and histopathologic examination of pancreas was done.Results Compared with control group, the pancreatic pathologic histology score, serum levels of amylase,IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin were significantly higher in the CO2 experiment group and SAP group (P =0.000). The levels of IL-6 were significantly lower in CO2 experiment group compared to SAP group (P =0. 000). There was no significant difference between CO2 experiment group and SAP group in pancreatic pathologic histology score( P =- 0.294), the levels of serum amylase ( P = 0.073 ), E-selectin and P-selectin. Conclusions CO2 pneumoperitoneum has no adverse effect on the changes of pathological histopathology and the levels of IL-6, E-selectin and P-selectin in SD rats with SAP.

From the perspective of efficacy evaluation based on the literatures of MEDLINE database,the study carries out a bibliometrics study on domestic and foreign acupuncture clinical trials of the past three decades.The study involves the statistical classification on different systems and diseases,as well as statistics of diseases species on RCT or non- RCT involved,which will provide ideas and directions on diseases selection for the efficacy evaluation and re-evaluation researches in the field of evidence based medicine.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of Tetrax balance test and exercise on the balance function of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods50 stroke patients with hemiplegia and with disorder of balance function were divided into treatment group (25 cases) and control group (25 cases). The patients in both groups received regularly rehabilitation train and medical therapy. The treatment group was given balance train and motor function train responded to the analysis of the Tetrax balance assessment as well. They were evaluated with Berg balance scale, motor function of lower extreme in Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and activities of daily living (ADL) before and 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks after treatment respectively. ResultsThere was no difference in balance function and motor function of lower extreme and ADL between treatment group and control group before treatment (P>0.05), but 4 week, 8 week, 12 week after treatment, there were significant improvement for balance function and motor function of lower extreme in both groups (P<0.01), and the treatment group improved more significantly than those of control group (P<0.05).ConclusionTexrax balance assessment can help understand the obstacle in balance function and formulate more suitable rehabilitation treatment.

Objective To examine the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on local pancreas pathological changes,serum levels of amylase,IL-1,IL-6,and the positive rate of dissolubility adhesion molecule (CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18) expression in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:CO2 pneumoperitoneum group (n=20):SAP was induced by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate through retrogradely common biliopancreatic ducts via duodenal papilla,and then CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established at a pressure of 12 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) for 30 min; SAP group (n=20):The rats were treated as same as CO2 pneumoperitoneum group,except CO2 pneumoperitoneum; Simple operation group (n=10):Laparotomy was performed and nothing was done to duodenum and pancreas except for moving them softly. The blood samples were collected for examining serum levels of amylase,IL-1,IL-6,and the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 expression,and histopathologic examination of pancreas was performed. Results Compared with simple operation group,the pancreatic pathologic histology score,serum levels of amylase,IL-1,IL-6,and the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 expression were significantly higher in CO2 pneumoperitoneum group and SAP group (P=0.000). The levels of IL-1 and IL-6 were significantly lower in CO2 pneumoperitoneum group as compared to SAP group (P=0.000). There was no significant difference between CO2 pneumoperitoneum group and SAP group in pancreatic pathologic histology score (P=0.294),the level of serum amylase (P=0.073),the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 (P=0.155) and CD11b/CD18 expression (P=0.201). Conclusion CO2 pneumoperitoneum has inhibitory effect on the levels of IL-1 and IL-6,rather than the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 expression in SD rats with SAP.

In order to clarify the metabolism pathways of scandoside methyl ester, the analysis of metabolites profiling in four kinds of liver microsomes was performed by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography/ electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). The data obtained from the 0 h-incubation and the 2 h-incubation were compared and analyzed. After incubation, 5 metabolites of scandoside methyl ester were found in rat, Beagles, rhesus monkey and human liver microsome. The results showed that scandoside methyl ester's major metabolic pathway in the liver microsomes is hydrolysis, oxidation and reduction reactions, and there are certain kinds differences between species. The study provides a research base for further research about iridoid compounds in vivo metabolic pathways.

To identify the active components in Bufo melanostictus Schneider and clarify the difference between fresh and dried Venenum Bufonis, a UPLC-Orbitrap MS method has been established. The separation was performed with gradient elution of acetonitrile and water (with 0.1% formic acid) as mobile phase. By comparing their retention time and high resolution mass data of Venenum Bufonis extracts, 39 effective components were primarily identified by MS/MS analysis in positive ion mode. Twenty-six of them were bufadienolides. There were significant differences in the main composition between fresh and dried Venenum Bufonis. There are fewer bufadienolides in fresh toad venom.

Objective To evaluate the expression of miR-196b in newly diagnosed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its clinical signiifcance. Methods Fifty-two AML children were enrolled in this study and 30 non-leukemia com-pared children were selected as controls. The expressions of miR-196b were detected in bone marrow samples by real-time quan-titative PCR (q-RT-PCR) and the results were expressed in 2-??Ct. Results miR-196b expressions were signiifcantly higher in M4-5 and lower in non-M4-5 of AML children than those in control (P<0.01), with a lowest level in t (15;17) and a highest level in MLL subtypes (P<0.01). The miR-196b expressions were signiifcantly different among different prognosis groups (P<0.01) and the level in the favorable prognostic group was lower than in poor prognosis group. It was also found that miR-196b expres-sion was lower in remission group than that in no-remission group after the ifrst induction remission therapy (P<0.05). Mean-while, the expression of miR-196b in the children with WBC≥100×109/L were statistically higher than that in the children with WBC<100×109/L (P<0.01), and miR-196b level was positively correlated with the platelet counts (r=0.302, P=0.030). Conclu-sions miR-196b expression is increased in poor prognosis group of AML children, and high expression of miR-196b is related with low response rate and poor prognosis. miR-1966 is expected to become a new target for the treatment of AML.

Objective To investigate the differential expression of miR-155 in newly diagnosed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia(AML) and its clinical significances.Methods Fifty-two AML children and 30 non-malignant disease matched children were recruited as the controls.The preliminary AML children were divided into favorable group,moderate group and poor group according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN) 2013.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to validate the expressions of miR-155 in bone marrow samples (the data presented by 2-△△Ct).Results By comparing expressions of miR-155 between AML patients and controls,the miR-155 expressions were significantly higher in the AML children than those in the controls (Z =-5.391,P ＜ 0.001).There were significant differences among different prognostic groups,with a significantly lower level in the favorable group compared with others (x2 =12.586,P =0.002).It was also found that differential expressions existed not only in kinds of mutation cohort,with the highest level in FLT3-ITD and the lowest one in FLT3-TKD mutation group (x2 =11.216,P =0.024),but also among fusion gene subgroups (x2 =12.254,P =0.016),with the highest level in AML-ETO group and the lowest level in PML-RARa group:meanwhile,the expressions of miR-155 were statistic different according to French-America-British (FAB) subtypes (x2 =17.814,P =0.013),which was lower in M3 patients than non-M3 patients (Z =-3.291,P =0.001).Conclusions It indicates that the expressions of miR-155 may increase sharply in preliminary AML children,and the lower expression of miR-155 is closely related to favorable prognosis.

Objective To investigate the gene carrying rate,gene type and composition ratio of thalassemia among pre-pregnant population in Chongqing area.Methods A total of 1054 people were enrolled in the hospital from April 2014 to March 2016 for thalassemia screening.The content of screening included mean corpuscular volume (MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and hemoglobin electrophoresis.Thalassemia gene was examined in people with any abnormal term of screening result.Results In 10854 cases,1117 cases showed positive in thalassemia primary screening,and the positive rate was 10.29％.458 cases were tested positive of thalassemia gene,the carrying rate of thalassemia was 4.21％.In which,253 cases of pure a-thalassemia were tested.The carrying rate of α-thalassemia was 2.33％.The most common kind in α-thalassemia was--SEA whose constituent ratio were 52.17 ％.197 cases of pure β-thalassemia were tested,the carrying rate of β-thalassemia was 1.81％.The most common kind in β-thalassemia was CD17 (A→T),whose constituent ratio were 31.47 ％.11 cases were diagnosed with αβ-thalassemia.Conclusion Chongqing is high-prevalence area of thalassemia.It is important to conduct thalassemia genetic screen before pregnancy which plays a vital role in improving population quality and achieving prepotency.