OBJECTIVE: To explore an useful and practical method for three-dimensional reconstruction of cochlear microstructure. METHOD: A digital image dataset of magnified forty times of human cochlear tissue can be get from the serial sections of transverse cedukol images of male cadavers temporal bone. Photoshop 6.0 and Amira 3.0 software were used to deal with the digital image dataset, such as image-connecting and image inner-location and three-dimensional reconstruction of cochlear and scala media. RESULT: The result of three-dimensional reconstruction of the cedukol images represents the anatomy of human cochlear and scala media transparently and objectively. CONCLUSION The three-dimensional reconstruction technique used in the study is practical for three-dimensional of inner ear microstructure.
Cochlea ; anatomy & histology ; Ear, Inner ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Microtomy ; methods ; Software

Objective To research the correlation between the level of serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ,soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sFlt-1) and nitric oxide (NO) and the changes of condition in preeclampsia(PE) patients.Methods Totally 89 patients with PE who had prenatal examina-tion and normal delivery in the hospital from May 2014 to January 2017 were enrolled in this study as the PE group ,and 94 healthy pregnant women who underwent normal delivery during the same period were selected as the NP group.The levels of serum BNP ,sFlt-1 and NO in PE patients with different severity and different onset stages were compared and analyzed.Results The levels of serum BNP and sFlt-1 in the PE group were significantly higher than those in the NP group ,and the level of NO was significantly lower than that in the NP group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The levels of serum BNP and sFlt-1 in the severe PE group were significantly higher than those in the mild PE group ,and the level of NO was signifi-cantly lower than that in the mild PE group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The levels of serum BNP and sFlt-1 in the early and late onset PE groups were significantly higher than those in the early NP group and the late NP group ,while the NO levels were significantly lower than those in the early NP group and the late NP group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion On the occurrence of PE ,the levels of serum BNP and sFlt-1 in pregnant women elevated abnormally ,and the lev-el of NO decreased.The changes of serum BNP ,sFlt-1 and NO levels are closely related to the development of PE ,and can be used as a reference index to detect the changes of PE.

Objective:To determine the prevalence, disease burden, and possible causes of lung cancer. Population-based lung cancer registration data collected from 1993 to 2012 were used to analyze the lung cancer epidemic status in Qidong City. Methods:Joinpoint regression was used to calculate the trend of incidence and mortality for lung cancer. Age-period-cohort model was used to assess the effects of age and exposure on the incidence and mortality rates. Results:Upward trends were observed both for the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer. The risk of incidence and mortality increased with age. According to the cohort effect, the risk of lung cancer increased with recent birth dates. Women had higher risk than men. Conclusion:The incidence and mortality rates of pulmo-nary neoplasms have annually increased, and the exposure to risk factors for lung cancer gradually increases. Among the community population in Qidong City, people over 70 years belong to the high-risk groups.

Objective To explore the feasibility and clinical effect of laparoscopic radical cystectomy with intracorporeal Xing's orthotopic neobladder.Methods Forty-one patients who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy with intracorporeal Xing's orthotopic neobladder from July 2013 to August 2019.There were 31 cases performed in Beijing Chaoyang hospital and 10 cases in National Cancer Center.Mean age was 59 (range 44-78) years,mean BMI was 25.3 (range 20.1-34.7) kg/m2,and mean CCI was 3 (range 2-6).No urethral stricture or urinary incontinence was found by preoperative examination.No distant metastasis was identified by bone scans,chest X-ray and sonography.Cystoscopy or TURBT was performed on all patients and biopsy was taken to confirm the diagnosis.Preoperative pathology showed 30 cases (73.2％) of MIBC,9 cases of NMIBC (22.0％) and 2 cases (4.9％) of in-situ cancer.Laparoscopic radical cystectomy and lymphadenectomy were performed under general anesthesia.Urinary diversion was completed in the peritoneal cavity,by intercepting the terminal ileum about 60 cm,and taking the proximal ileum 10 cm as input loop on the right side with proximal to distal way,and the middle 40 cm ileum was detubated.After u-shaped suture,the ileum was folded back and stitched into a sphere building a novd orthotopic neobladder with bilateral isoperistaltic afferent limbs.The prognosis of perioperative data and postoperative satisfaction regarding continence were analyzed,continence was defined as 0-1 pad/day.The 41 patients were divided into two groups to compare the difference in term of operation time and blood loss between the first 21 patients and the last 20 patients.Results Mean total operative time was 324.9 mins (range 210-480) mins,and mean estimated blood loss was 177.6(range 50-700) ml.There were significant statistical differences in term of total operation time,construction time and blood loss between the first 21 patients and the next 20 patients (P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative pathological results were urothelial carcinoma in 40 cases (2 in situ carcinoma) and small cell carcinoma in 1 case.Mean number of dissected lymph nodes was 19 (range 11-58),with 7 cases(17.1％)of positive lymph nodes,and 3 cases(7.3％) had positive surgical margin.At a mean follow up of 17.6 (range 2-64) months,36 patients (87.8％) survived,including 2 patients (4.9％) with metastasis and 1 patient (2.4％) with recurrence,and 5 cases (12.2％)died.All patients were able to urinate without catheterization.Thirty-seven patients (90.2％) were satisfied with voiding control during the daytime (0-1 urinal pad),and 29 patients (70.7％) were satisfied with voiding control at nighttime (0-1 urinal pad) by the follow-up 12 months after the operation.Conclusions Total laparoscopic radical cystectomy combined with Xing's orthotopic ileum neobladder is a simple method with fewer postoperative complications and a satisfactory continence rate.

BACKGROUNDDespite its severity, coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is still poorly understood. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been recognized as a prognostic factor in some cardiovascular diseases but not assessed in CAE. The aim of this observational study was to investigate the prognostic value of hs-CRP in CAE.

METHODSOur analysis evaluated the effect of the baseline hs-CRP on cardiovascular events (CVs) (cardiac death and nonfetal myocardial infarction) in consecutively enrolled stable CAE patients. We used the Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine the association between baseline hs-CRP level and follow-up CVs in CAE. The net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) of hs-CRP were also assessed.

RESULTSWe obtained the follow-up results of 540 patients over a median follow-up period of 36 (37.41 ± 15.88) months. The multivariable Cox analysis showed that the hs-CRP was a significant predictor of adverse outcomes in CAE (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-6.81, P = 0.0091). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the group with hs-CRP >3 mg/L had a lower cumulative 66-month event-free survival rate (log-rank test for trend, P = 0.0235) and a higher risk of CVs (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.22-5.77, P = 0.0140) than the group with hs-CRP ≤3 mg/L. Hs-CRP added predictive information beyond that given by the baseline model comprising the classical risk factors (P value for IDI = 0.0330).

CONCLUSIONSA higher level of hs-CRP was independently associated with cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction in CAE patients. The hs-CRP level may therefore provide prognostic information for the risk stratification of CAE patients.

Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Coronary Artery Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models

TSCI have dyskinesia and sensory disturbance that can cause various life-threaten complications. The patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Based on the epidemiology of TSCI and domestic and foreign literatures as well as expert investigations, this expert consensus reviews the definition, injury classification, rehabilitation assessment, rehabilitation strategies and rehabilitation measures of TSCI so as to provide early standardized rehabilitation treatment methods for TSCI.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

With the spread of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in December 2019, the management and rehabilitation of elderly patients with hip fractures and protection of medical staff face new challenges, and need to be adjusted appropriately under this very circumstances. Hip fractures in the elderly account for more than half of osteoporotic fractures. Expert group formulate this consensus so as to make better decision against this epidemic and protect patients' families and medical staff. This consensus elaborates not only epidemic condition of NCP, but also general principles of medical admission, treatment and protection for both medical staff and patients, in order to provide some reference and promote the standardization of clinical diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with hip fractures under the condition of NCP.