Under pathological conditions,promoting oxidative stress kinase to be activated in the body,mitochondrial respiratory chain abnormalities,and decreased oxygen free radical scavenging capacity lead to increased oxygen free radicals and pro-oxidant factors.The accunulation of the above harmful substances lead to the corresponding changes of arterial wall and blood components,such as endothelium-dependent relaxation dysfunction,inflammatory cytokine activation,endothelial structural damage,vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation,and foam cell formation,thus play key roles in the processes of the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis.The role of antioxidant therapy in the prevention of cardio-cerebrovascular events remains controversial and needs to be further studied.

Objective To observe the expression changes of cyclophilin A ( CyPA ) , Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2),and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the pathological process of atherosclerosis in rats. Methods Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:a control group and atherosclerosis 8,12,and 15 week groups (n=8 in each group). The atherosclerosis groups were fed with high-fat diet,and they were given vitamin D3 600 000 IU for a single intraperitoneal injection,and the rats in the control group were fed with the basal feed. The rats were sacrificed at 8,12,and 15 weeks. Their abdominal aortas were separated and stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression levels of CyPA,KLF2,and eNOS on arterial walls. Results With the progression of atherosclerosis lesion,the rats in the control group,and atherosclerosis 8,12,and 15 week groups showed different characteristics, including normal vessel structure, endothelial cell damage, smooth muscle cell proliferation,formation of atherosclerotic plaque,and formation of calcified plaque. There were significantly differences in the expression levels of CyPA,KLF2,eNOS on vessel walls among the control group,atherosclerosis 8,12,and 15 week groups (CyPA:0. 0037 ± 0. 0018,0. 0276 ± 0. 0090,0. 0526 ± 0. 0129,and 0. 1080 ± 0. 0388;KLF2:0. 0932 ± 0. 0331,0. 0415 ± 0. 0076,0. 0207 ± 0. 0059, and 0. 0014 ± 0. 0003;eNOS:0. 0358 ± 0. 0185,0. 0148 ± 0. 0080,0. 0049 ± 0. 0025,0. 0037 ± 0. 0026;F=36. 395,42. 108,and 21. 255,respectively,all P<0. 05),and the CyPA expression showed an increasing trend among groups, and there were significant differences between the pairwise comparisons (all P<0. 05). The expression level of KLF2 showed a progressive declining trend,and there were significant differences between pairwise comparisons (all P <0. 05);there was significant difference in eNOS expression between the atherosclerosis 12-week group and the atherosclerosis 15-week group, and there were significant differences among other groups (all P<0. 05). Conclusion With the progression of atherosclerotic lesions, the expression of CyPA increases progressively, and the expression levels of KLF2 and eNOS decrease progressively. This may be one of the approaches of CyPA caused atherosclerotic lesion.

Objective Clinical research was made to observe the relationship between idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)and Helicobacter pylori(ITP)and to evaluate the effect of HP eradication in the treatment of chronic ITP.Methods ~(14)C urea breath test were made in 17 patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,including 6 males and 11 females,aging from 15-48,with course of disease from 4 months to 8 years.Omeprazole,clarithromycin and amoxicillin were used for Helicobacter pylori eradication,and the effect was evaluated by platelet count.Results Thirteen out of 17 patients were HP positive,and eleven turned negative after HP eradication,eight of whom were observed platelet recovery.Conclusion Platelet count can be raised in some patients with chronic ITP after eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

Recent studies have found that inflammatory response is positively associated with the progression of liver cirrhosis,acute-on-chronic liver failure,and primary liver cancer and can affect their prognosis,and as a marker for inflammatory response,neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is easy to calculate,has good repeatability,and holds promise for prognostic evaluation.This article introduces the research advances in the association of NLR with the prognosis of liver cirrhosis,acute-on-chronic liver failure,and primary liver cancer and points out that NLR plays an important role in evaluating the prognosis of liver cirrhosis,acute-on-chronic liver failure,and primary liver cancer.However,there are still controversies over the selection of optimal cut-off values for different diseases,and further studies are needed.

At present, insomnia treatments mainly contain drug therapy and non-drug therapy. The non-drug therapy included sleep hygiene instruction, cognitive behavioral therapy, psychological therapy, physical therapy, relaxation therapy, and music therapy, etc. The non-drug therapy is a safe and effective treatment, and it plays a good effect whether using with drug or alone.

Objective: To observe the endothelial-dependent vasodilatation and expressions of cyclophilin A (CyPA), phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in experimental rats with obesity combining atherosclerosis.
Methods: A total of 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:Control group, the rats received basic diet followed by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline;Atherosclerosis (AS) group, the rats received basic diet for 8 weeks followed by high cholesterol diet with intraperitoneal injection of a single dose vitamin D3 600,000 IU/kg; Obesity+AS group, the rats received high cholesterol diet for 8 weeks (which made their body weights at 20%higher than the other 2 groups) followed by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose vitamin D3 600,000 IU/kg. n=10 in each group. 16 weeks later, the endothelial-dependent vasodilatation was examined in all rats, expressions of CyPA and p-ERK1/2 in arterial wall were detected by HE staining and immunohistochemistry.
Results: Compared with Control group, both AS group and Obesity+AS group had reduced endothelial-dependent vasodilatation (72.49 ± 3.27)%and (42.28 ± 2.62)%vs (96.63 ± 3.85)%, such reduction was even more in Obesity+AS group (42.28 ± 2.62)%vs (72.49 ± 3.27)%, all P<0.05. HE staining displayed that in Control group, AS group and Obesity+AS group had normal vessel structure, the endothelial cell damage, vessel smooth muscle cell proliferation, atherosclerosis and calcification plaques at different degrees;immunohistochemistry indicated that the expressions of CyPA and p-ERK1/2 in endothelial and smooth muscle cells were increased accordingly in above 3 groups, all P<0.05 between any 2 groups.
Conclusion: The rats with obesity and AS had decreased endothelial-dependent vasodilatation, severe atherosclerosis and calciifcation plaques, increased expressions of CyPA and p-ERK1/2, which speculated that obesity might be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis.

Recent years have witnessed tremendous progress in vitreoretinal surgery.The treatment of vitreoretinal diseases has increased enormously and its related indications expanded widely with the contribution of the emerging novel technologies,methods,equipment and new ideas.Attaching importance to minimally invasive surgery,application of auxiliary drugs,development of improved equipment and surgical technique were the main features. Further basic and clinical research is necessary to promote innovation and development of vitreoretinal surgery in China to keep pace with and surpass advanced technology.

To identify the genotype of the 18S rDNA in Acanthamoeba species isolated from tap water inYanji city of Jilin province, the full genomic DNA sequence of the CJY/W1 strain of Acanthaqmoeba was amplified by PCR and then the amplified products were sequenced. The full-length of DNA sequence was analyzed with Clustal and Genedoe softwares. It was found that the full-length of gene of the Acanthamoeba CJY/W1 strain isolated from tap water was 2252 bps. The 18S rDNA genotype of this strain appeared to be near to the T1 type. But the percentage of the genetic difference between T1 type was 8%. According to the classification criteria of 18S rDNA, the genotype of the CJY/W1 strain might be a new one.

Objective To develop a stable and quick method to determine the urea in swimming pool water.Methods On the conditions of strong acid and calefaction,urea can react on antipyrine and diacetyl monoxime and become yellow which can be determined by colorimetric analysis in 450 nm with the ALLIANCE FUTURA continuous flow injection auto analysis system.Results Determined by this method,the linear range was 0.5-4.0 mg/L,the regression equation was y=0.077 5x+0.021 9,the correlative coefficient r=0.999,the detection limit was 0.07 mg/L.With residual chlorine of 0.3 and 3.0 mg/L,the recovery rates were 98.8%-104.0% and did not disturb the determination.The results determined by the present method were the same as those by the method in GB/T 18204.29-2000(Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test:Z=0.051,P=0.959).Conclusion Determination of the urea in swimming pool water with continuous flow injection auto analysis,the sensitivity,accuracy and limit of determination can meet to the requirement,moreover,the analysis speed is faster,less reagent will be needed,the present method can be generalized in the laboratory that has the conditions.

Objective To find out the clinical characteristics of the group of lymphoma patients with original appearance of abdominal mass through analysis of their clinical manifestation,pathology and treatment outcome.Methods Retrospective study of clinical data of 35 cases,who were admitted to PLA General Hospital from 1998 to 2003,was made as to their age,sex,pathological pattern,size of the mass at diagnosis,and accompanying symptoms,blood examination,therapy and effect with follow-up of 16~96 months.Results Seventy-four point 3 percent of the patients were male,and most of them(71.4%)with enlarged post peritoneal lymphatic nodes.Ninety-one point four percent of the patients were non-Hodgkin lymphoma and nearly half of them aged between 40 to 50.NHL patients(65.6%)of B-cell origin were more than those of T-cell origin(28.1%).One out of three HL patients died of disease relapse.Nine NHL patients died,including 6 who received conventional chemotherapy and 3 who underwent stem cell transplantation.Half of the patients(2/4)who had hepatic dysfunction and acites died.Conclusion Lymphoma patients with original appearance of abdominal mass are mostly seen in male,and most are of B cell origin.Huge mass,acites and hepatic dysfunction indicate unfavourable prognosis.LDH and ?_2-MG may be two of the prognostic factors.