Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) plays an important role in methotrexate (MTX)polyglutarmation. High level of GGH has been associated with cellular resistance to MTX. Recent studies have demonstrate that some polymorphisms of GGH could change the expression and catalytic activity of the enzyme,causing interindividual difference in MTX cytotoxicity. No study about GGH was reported in Chinese population. This paper reviewed the advances about the structure and function of GGH and its gene, and the advances in associations between polymorphisms of GGH and MTX sensitivity.

Objective] Discuss the“five seasonal organs”theory of The Inner Canon of Huangdi, especially the seasonal issues of the spleen and preliminarily speculate the formation period. [Methods]By means of literature and historiography methods, information before The Inner Canon of Huangdi would be gathered, especially“The Book of Rites·on Order”,“Guanzi·Seasons”,“Annals by Lv·Twelve Ji”and so on. On this basis, we can discuss the different perspectives of “five seasonal organs”theory and the seasonal issues of the spleen of The Inner Canon of Huangdi, and preliminarily speculate the theory’s origin, evolution, and formation. [Results]“Six periods connected to six internal organs”theory is more concerned with the meaning of anatomy, although it is early view of the“seasonal organs”theory, but six or twelve has its specific cultural origins;“Eight wind connected to eight internal organs”theory is affected by Zhou Yi;“four periods connected to four internal organs”theory couldn’t explain attribution of the“soil”and its role, it belongs to the early stages of Qi argumentation of the“seasonal organs”theory after the introduction of the Five Elements Theory;“five periods connected to five internal organs”theory reflected the tight integration with the theory of five elements and balanced attachment features; the theory which has the most theoretical and clinical meaning is“four periods connected to five internal organs”theory. [Conclusion] The different perspectives of“five seasonal organs”theory and the seasonal issues of the spleen of The Inner Canon of Huangdi are results of a number of philosophical thoughts absorbed by different doctors, but through analysis of the relevant literature, the core ideas can be briefly summarized, it can be generalized that the spleen is located in the center, connected at any time, behalf of governance after each season ’s eighteen days.

Objective To study the effect of revised trauma score (RTS) in the rescue of patients with multiple trauma emergency application. Methods According to the admission time, 56 multiple trauma patients were assigned into the control group, and another 58 into the observation group. The control group was treated with traditional pre-hospital and hospital emergency care. The observation group with pre-hospital emergency care and hospital based on the RTS results. The two groups were compared in terms of effective treatment time and complications. Result The effective rescue time of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.001) and the complication rate was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Based on the integrated emergency rescue measures on the basis of RTS scores, accurate condition judgment can be made in a short time so that consistent care can be given to the patients and the success rate can be improved , and the occurrence of complications can be reduced and the rescue success rate can be increased.

We investigated whether platelet-activating factor (PAF) mediates endotoxin-induced changes of lipoperoxidation, lysosomal enzyme release and increased extravascular lung water content in dogs using a specific PAF receptor antagonist, SRI 63-441. Endotoxin infusion caused an increase in serum malonyldialdehyde (MDA) from baseline (100%) to 130.04?14.00% and 169.16?32.49% and ?-glucuronidase (?-g) activity to 191.05?86.71% and 242.54?49.09% at 3 and 6h, respectively. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) ?-g activity, lung MDA and extravascular lung water also significantly increased (P

Objective:To analyze the expression profile of miRNA-34c in cervical cancer tissue and identify its novel target gene. Methods:The expression levels of miRNA-34c were detected in 34 paired cervical cancer tissues and normal paraneoplastic tissues via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) is a target gene of miRNA-34c pre-dicted in the miRNA Target Database. Luciferase vector containing the binding site of miRNA-34c to PLK4 3'UTR and miRNA-34c mimic or negative control were co-transfected into HEK293T cells, and luciferase expression was examined. The miRNA-34c mimic or negative control was transfected into SiHa cells, and the mRNA or protein expression of PLK4 was detected via qRT-PCR or Western blot, respectively. Results:MiRNA-34c expression was lower in cervical cancer tissues than in normal paraneoplastic tissues. The miR-NA-34c mimics significantly inhibited luciferase activation in the HEK293T cells (P<0.01) and significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression levels of PLK4 in the SiHa cells (P<0.01). Conclusion:MiRNA-34c is significantly decreased in cervical cancer tis-sues. Moreover, miRNA-34c can significantly repress the mRNA and protein expression levels of PLK4 by directly targeting the 3'UTR.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy and reliability of linear measurements using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) system and to provide theoretical application of CBCT in oral implantation. Methods Ten experimental models of different toothless mandibles mixed with 10% of barium sulfate were used in this study. All these mandible models were marked with gutta-percha markers to standardize the plane of the transverse cross-sections and path of measurements. The mandible models were imaged using Mayer SS-X9010D CBCT device. Measurements were taken with DCT Viewer software and compared with measurements recorded directly in the mandible models using vernier caliper. A paired sample t-test was performed to compare difference between CBCT measurement and vernier caliper measurement. Less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The differences of vertical lines between CBCT and vernier caliper were (-0.089 5±0.220 0) mm in anterior teeth area and (-0.083 0±0.190 0) mm in posterior teeth area. The differences of vertical lines between CBCT and vernier caliper were (-0.052 0 ± 0.140 0) mm in anterior teeth area and (-0.084 7 ± 0.320 0) mm in posterior teeth area. The corresponding t values were-1.784,-1.981,-1.621 and-1.684, respectively. All the P values were greater than 0.05. There was no significant difference between CBCT measurement and vernier caliper measurement. Conclusions CBCT is auseful tool to provide good accuracy and precision of linear measurement in dental implants.

Objective To improve the stability and practicability of field liquid transfusion control system.Methods SPCE062A 's high accurate AD was used to acquire the dropping speed,and a new method for weight sensor 's self proofread was applied.Results The infrared photoelectric sensor was removed,so the monitoring part could work with any appropriate sensor.Conclusion The system cost is decreased and its stability and availability are enhanced.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2008,29(2):66-67]

Objective To design a more rapid and convenient infusion monitoring system.Methods Pentium series were used as its master and the MCU as its slaves.The management was based on RS232 standard.Results In the nursing station,nurses can monitor the fusion state of all patient rooms in the hospital.Conclusion It is proved that this system is simple,cheap and practical.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2008,29(3):61-62,65]

In this paper , the causes of patients in emergency ICU were analyzed .The authors used classical theory of ethics to illuminate and put forward the ethical principles that both doctors and patients should follow and the conception of patients′moderate right , as well as the relevant suggestions and strategies , with the aim to make the application of emergency ICU medical resources more reasonable and make the treatment and cure of the emer -gency and critical patients more conform to the requirement of the ethics .

Objective To establish a new method to analyze the position accuracy of multileaf collimator (MLC) in the dynamic mode.Methods The MLC test sequence was created in a field,where intentional leaf positional errors ranging from 0.1 to 1 mm per centimeter were introduced.In order to establish the relationship between the ion chamber readings and leaf position,whose slope indicated the leaf position error per centimeter,a two-dimensional ion chamber array was used to measure absorbed dose while leaves were moving at dose rates of 100,300 and 600 MU/min,respectively.For routine test,leaf position error was easily found via dose profile in y direction of the field created by dynamic leaves,where the position error could be quantitatively calculated as the slope of absorbed dose line of x direction of the same field.Results The error of 0.2 mm or more per centimeter was obviously shown through y dose profile.The calibration curve was linear at different dose rates.At 600 MU/min,a 0.1 mm leaf position error corresponded to a slope variation of 0.74％,and the differences between the tested errors and the introduced errors were within 0.1 mm.Conclusions The simple and reliable method is helpful to establish the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) quality control (QC) system.