Objective To explore adherence to highly active antiretroviral treatment(HAART)and related factors in dnlg users with HIV/AIDS.Methods From July to September 2007,111 HIV-infected drug users who received national free HAART were investigated in the HAART clinics in Hengyang,Yueyang,and Chenzhou districts of Hunan Province.A questionnaire of Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS(CPCRA)Antiretroviral Medication Self-Report Was used to assess adherence to HAART,and Zung Depression Scale and Adaptation Partnership Growth Affection Resolve Scale were used to assess patients'depression and family function respectively.ResllIts The average level of adherence to HAART was 83%.Among 111 patients.28.8%of patients reported poor adherence and took medication less than 90%.The mean score of depression was 60.8 1±13.03.There were 83.9%patients demonstrating depressive symptom and only 30.6%patients' family had good function.Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of depression(β=-0.48,P=0.024)and treatment time(β=-1.11,P=0.036)were significantly associated with adherence negatively,while family function (β=0.65,P=0.043)and the time of being free from drug(β=0.55,P=0.040)were positively associated with adherence.Conclusion The level of adherence to HAART is low in the drug users with HIV/AIDS.Comprehensive interventions are needed to improve adherence to HAART,including managing depression,encouraging drug rehabilitation,improving family function,and evaluating adherence periodically.

Objectives To explore the effect of mibefradil, a kind of novel calcium channel antagonists, on proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). MethodsHPASMCs were culturedin vitro, and randomly divided into control group, PDGF group, Mib group, and PDGF+Mib group. The PDGF group was stimulated by 25 ng/ml of PDGF. Mib group was intervented by 10 μmol/L of Mib. PDGF+Mib group was treated by PDGF and Mib. The reproduction rate in 48 hours and 72 hours were detected by MMT. Cell cycle was detected by lfow cytometry. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was observed by immunolfuorescence staining (IFS).ResultsThere were statistical differences among four groups in both 48 hours and 72 hours (P all??0.05). There were statistically differences of G0/G1 phase and S phase among four groups (P?

Objective To investigate the effects of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) on the function of hemiplegic upper extremity in the early subacute stroke patients.Methods A prospective,single-blinded,randomized controlled study was conducted.Forty-seven stroke patients with hemiplegic upper limb dysfunction were randomly divided into 2 groups:a CIMT group and a control group.The CIMT group received constraintinduced movement therapy and the control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation therapy.Both groups were treated 3 h daily,5 d a week for 2 weeks.The Wolf motor function test (WMFT) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) were used to evaluate upper extremity motor function,and motor activity log (MAL) was used to assess upper extremity ability in activities.WMFT,FMA and MAL were measured before and after 1 day and 6 months of treatment.Results After 1 day of treatment,FMA,WMFT,MAL-AU and MAL-HW were 53.81 ± 2.59,66.68 ± 3.54,1.89 ± 0.88 and 3.26 ± 0.65,respectively,in the CIMT group,and 48.61 ± 4.48,62.10 ± 7.97,1.25 ± 0.64 and 2.65 ± 0.93,respectively,in the control group.After 6 months of treatment,FMA,WMFT,MAL-AU and MAL-HW were 57.53 ±2.01,69.57 ± 3.00,3.00 ±0.82 and 3.84 ±0.69,respectively,in the CIMT group,and 53.30 ± 2.88,66.20 ±3.59,2.20 ± 1.06 and 3.25 ±0.64,respectively,in the control group.The scores of FMA,WMFT,MAL in the CIMT group were all higher than those in the control group at 1 day and 6 months post-treatment,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Constraint-induced movement therapy can significantly improve the patients' hand function in the early stage of subacute stroke,which maintain up to 6 months of follow-up.

Objective To examine the effects of comprehensive family intervention on family function among HIV-infected injection drug users (IDUs). Methods Ninety-eight HIV-infected IDUs in 3 AIDS treatment sites in Hunan Province were selected by random cluster sampling and were randomly divided into the intervention group (50 cases) and the control group (48 cases). Subjects in the intervention group were given a 9-month comprehensive family intervention, while those in the control group received standard treatment and care. When the study was completed, APGAR questionnaire was used to analyze the effects of comprehensive family intervention. Results Before the intervention ,the scores of family function were not significantly different the intervention group and the control group. After the intervention, the scores of family function among the control group were(4.26± 3.73) points and the intervention group was (6.53± 4.29) points, the scores of family function were significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions The comprehensive family intervention is an effective model to improve the family function of HIV-infected injection drug users.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic characteritics and prognosis of telangiectatic osteosarcoma.

METHODSThe clinical and pathological data of 14 cases of telangiectatic osteosarcoma were reviewed.

RESULTSMost of these patients were male (9/14). The mean age was 23 years. Most tumors were located in the lower extremities (10/14). The roentgenograms showed a large purely osteolytic lesion. Both medullar and cortical bone were extensively destroyed. The gross specimen showed cystic cavities separated by septa, similar to an aneurismal bone cyst. Microscopically, the septa contained anaplastic cells. A few fine, lace-like osteoid were scattered among these sarcomatous cells. 12 patients were followed-up from 6 months to 84 months. Of seven patients who had developed pulmonary metastasis, six patients died and one alive with lung metastasis. The remaining five patients survived after operation.

CONCLUSIONSDifficulties in making an early diagnosis and highly malignant of this disease might be the important factors that affect the prognosis of telangiectatic osteosarcoma.

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal ; Bone Neoplasms ; Bone and Bones ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma ; Prognosis

Objective To investigate the usefulness of HC visual laryngoscope designed for unskilled junior emergency resident doctors in respect of increasing the efficiency and success rate of emergency tracheal intubation.Methods A total of 80 patients needed the emergency tracheal intubation were at first divided into two groups randomly (random number).Patients in group A were operated by junior emergency resident doctors and patients in group B were operated by well experienced attending doctors.Then,the two groups of patients above were divided into two groups randomly (random number).Patients in group N were operated with conventional laryngoscope and patients in group HC were managed with HC visual laryngoscope.Then comparisons of the success rate of glottis exposure,the one-time success rate of tracheal intubation,the success rate of tracheal intubation,the complications,the number of attempt in successful intubation cases and the operative time consumed for successful intubation cases among the groups were done.Results (1)The success rate of glottis exposure,the one-time success rate and the success rate of tracheal intubation in group A-HC were 90%,70% and 90%,respectively which were significantly higher than those (50%,20% and 45%)in group A-N (P <0.05).The rate of complication,the number of attempt and operative time consumed for intubation cases in group A-HC were respectively 15%,(1.28 ± 0.43)and (31.44 ±5.06 ) s,which were significantly less than those [45%,(1.89 ±0.79 )and (45.89 ±4.99) s in group A-N (P <0.05 ).(2)The success rate of glottis exposure,the one-time success rate and the success rate of tracheal intubation in group B-N were 80%,65% and 80%, respectively which were significantly higher than those (50%,20% and 45%)in group A-N (P <0.05). The rate of complication,the number of attempt and operative time consumed for successful intubation cases in group B-N were 15%,(1.25 ±0.41)and (39.31 ±4.23)s,respectively which were significantly less than those [45%,(1.89 ±0.79)and (45.89 ±4.99)s]in group A-N (P <0.05).(3)There were no significant statistical differences in above results between group A-HC and group B-HC (P >0.05 ). Conclusions HC visual laryngoscope used by unskilled junior emergency resident doctors for emergency tracheal intubation,could increase success rate of glottis exposure,decrease the number of attempt of intubation,decrease rate of complication,shorten operative time required for intubation thus improving efficiency and success rate of emergency tracheal intubation,and maybe narrow the skill gap between unskilled junior resident doctors and well experienced attending doctors in respect of emergency tracheal intubation.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography (DE-CTPA) and dual-energy CT lung perfusion (DE-CTLP) in the assessment of pulmonary embolism comparing with pulmonary ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. Methods Fifty patients suspected of PE (26 males, 24 females) underwent both DE-CTPA, DE-CTLP and pulmonary ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. The results were compared and the correlation between the intravascular clots in DE-CTPA and the perfusion defects in DE-CTLP was analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of DE-CTLP for PE were assessed according to scintigraphic results which was considered as a "gold" standard. Result ( 1 ) Of 50 cases,920 segments in 46 cases were diagnostable, 4 cases were not included because of the poor image quality. lntravascular clots were found in 262 segments on DE-CTPA and perfusion defects in 266 segments were identified on DE-CTLP, while 268 segments were positive on scintigraphy. (2) The perfusion defects on DE-CTLP were correlated well with the clots on CTPA ( r = 0. 883, P < 0. 01 ). The Dual energy CT Lung perfusion imaging had a good consistence with scintigraphy (Kappa = 0. 940, P <0. 01 ). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were 96. 2% (279/290), 98.0%(641/654), 95. 5% (279/292) and 98. 3% (641/652), respectively. (3)The radiation dose of DE-CTPA and CE-CTLP scan was(4. 37 ± 0. 47) mSv by using CareDose 4D technique. Conclusion DE-CTPA and CE-CTLP can provide pulmonary vascular morphology and parenchyma perfusion information which are useful and valuable for the diagnosis of PE.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The relationship between C-peptide levels and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients is not clear. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between fasting C-peptide and GI symptoms of gastroparesis in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: We recruited 333 type 2 diabetic patients into the present study. All patients filled out questionnaires of gastroparesis cardinal symptom index (GCSI) to evaluate GI symptoms. Hospital anxiety and depression scale were adopted to define anxiety and depression. Patients with GCSI scores ≥ 1.9 were regarded as having symptoms of gastroparesis. RESULTS: In our study, 71 (21.3%) type 2 diabetic patients had GCSI scores ≥ 1.9. In comparison to patients with scores < 1.9, those with scores ≥ 1.9 had significantly lower fasting c-peptide levels (1.49 ng/mL vs 1.94 ng/mL, P < 0.001), higher prevalence of depression (40.9% vs 18.3%, P < 0.001) and anxiety (28.2% vs 13.0%, P = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that fasting C-peptide was still significantly associated with symptoms of gastroparesis (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence intervals, 0.48–0.94; P = 0.021), even after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, HbA1c, current smoking and drinking status, anxiety, and depression. Furthermore, linear regressions showed that fasting C-peptide was independently and negatively related to GCSI scores (standardized regression coefficient, −0.29; P < 0.001) in patients with at least one GI symptom. CONCLUSION: GI symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis affect approximately 20% of type 2 diabetes patients and are associated with lower fasting C-peptide levels independent of depression and anxiety status.
Anxiety ; Anxiety Disorders ; Body Mass Index ; C-Peptide* ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Drinking ; Fasting* ; Gastroparesis* ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking

INTRODUCTIONThis study evaluated the data completeness in the registration of prostate cancer after robotic radical prostatectomy (RRP) in the Urological Cancer Registry at the Singapore General Hospital (SGH), and its compliance to the international standards of US Commission on Cancer (CoC).

MATERIALS AND METHODSA certified cancer registrar reviewed all RRP cases between June 2003 and July 2008 in the Urological Cancer Registry at SGH.

RESULTSA total of 365 cases were reviewed. The results showed that 351 (96.2%) of RRP patients' demographic data were captured and 321 (87.9%) of RRP patients were staged. According to the international standards of CoC for an academic institution, the requirement is to capture 100% of all cancer cases and stage at least 90% of them. As for data completeness, 317 (86.7%) of RRP details were captured as compared to the CoC standard requirement of 90%.

CONCLUSIONSThe existing manual cancer registry does not fully meet the CoC standards. Hence, the registry increased sources of case-finding and used active case-finding. With improvements made to the data collection methodology, the number of prostate cancer cases identified has been increased by 52.1% from 215 in 2007 to 327 in 2009. The registry is expected to be fully compliant with the CoC standard with the recruitment of more full time cancer registrars when a new web-based cancer registry is in full operation.

Algorithms ; Data Collection ; methods ; Demography ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatectomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Registries ; Research Design ; standards ; Robotics ; Singapore

OBJECTIVETo develop a method for elucidating " chromatography-efficacy" relation of the extract of Zanthoxylum nitidum on the gastric cancer cells.

METHODAfter obtaining the tumor inhibition rate and fingerprint peak data through MTT and HPLC, "chromatography-efficacy" relation was established by an appropriate statistical method.

RESULTThe gastric cancer "chromatography-efficacy" relation of Z. nitidum was established by step-back technique.

CONCLUSIONThe "chromatography-efficacy" relation has statistically significant and practical significance, so it has reference value in some way.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Zanthoxylum ; chemistry