Objective To get a better understanding of the characteristic MRI appearances of cerebral MS lesions.Methods 61 patients with clinically diagnosed multiple sclerosis were examined with SE sequences,using 0.5T super-conducting scanner.The MRI features of MS were analyzed.Results All of the patients in 61 cases were found MS lesions in MRI.The lesions in cerebral,brainstem,and cerebellum were clearly visualized,but in optic nerves were not so good.The MS foci appeared low or middle signal intensity in T 1WI and high signal intensity in T 2WI.It was playing an important role in the diagnosis of the MS that the paraventricular lesions were perpendicular to the lateral ventricles and there were MRI abnormal signals in corpus callosum with shrinking. Conclusion MRI can show the characteristic appearances of MS lesions,demonstrate many more lesions that not visible on CT scan,provide informations about the number,size,location and extent of the lesions therefore MRI is the first method of choice in the diagnosis of MS.

ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy of contralateral needling plus point-toward-point method in treatinghemifacial spasm, and to seek the optimal treatment protocol by combining clinical data.MethodNinety-four patients with hemifacial spasm were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 47 cases in each group. The control group was by acupuncture at the affected side, while the treatment group was by contralateral needling plus point-toward-point method. The therapeutic efficacy was analyzed by comparing the changes of symptoms and the recovery of the spastic facial tissues.ResultThe symptoms in the treatment group were effectively mitigated, and the effective rate was 97.9%, significantly higher than 83.0% in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionContralateral needling plus point-toward-point method is significantly effective in treating hemifacial spasm, and it benefits the recovery of the facial muscle function.

Objective To investigate the MRI features and the diagnostic value of uterine leiomyoma.Methods All cases were examinated by MRI and ultrasound.Retrospective analysis of MRI manifestations of 71 uterine leiomyomas in 32 patients in combination with the results of operation and pathology was carried out and was compared with ultrasound findings.Results The MRI features of the tumors were:intermediate or slightly low signal intensity on T 1WI and low signal intensity on T 2WI,patch hyperintense areas were seen in degenerated leiomyoma on T 2WI,there were clear margins in all tumors and capsules in most tumors(55/71).MRI was superior to sonography in showing 

Objective To explore the effect of using hydrochloricde lidocaine plasmagel in the urethral catheterization of male patients.Methods Divided 103 patients into the experimental group and the control group randomly.There were 53 cases in the experimental group and using hydrochloricde lidocaine plasmagel for the urethral catheterization.There were 50 cases in the control group and using the traditional paraff in urethral catheterization.Evaluated the pain degree of patients by VAS,and then monitored the blood press and the heart rate at the same time.Results There was a significant difference between these 2 groups in the VAS,P0.05.Conclusion Using hydrochloricde lidocaine plasmagel in the urethral catheterization of male patients is an effective method to alleviate the pain of patients and then decrease the incidence rate of complication.

Objective To explore the causes and treatment for cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) leak after microsurgical removal of vestibular schwannomas(VS) with the suboccipital retrosigmoid approach.Methods A retrospective study was accomplished on 258 patients with VS operated through the suboccipital retrosigmoidal approach from Jan 1994 to Aug 2003.After operation,cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea occurred in 19 cases and subcutaneous retroauricular CSF leak occurred in 5 cases.Results In 14 cases the CSF leak was stopped after treatment by external lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage(CELCFD).Six patients were operated again with sealing the internal acoustic meatus and the mastoid cells with fibrin glue and muscle.The patients were followed up for 14 months to 8 years after treatment,and there was no recurrence of CSF leak or delayed onset meningitis.Conclusion CSF leak was the common complication after vestibular schwannoma removal and the most common reason was the drilled posterior wall of the internal acoustic meatus with opening of the mastoid cells.The closure of petrous air cells was very important to prevent its postoperative CSF leak.Most of the patients were successfully treated by external lumbar cerebrospinal fluid drainage and only a few cases needed revision surgery.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of the Idarubicin(IDA) in combination with Am-Cand VP16 (IAE) regimen for treatment on refractory acute myelecytic leukemia. Methods Idarubiein 7 mg/m2 iv gtt for 3 days, Ara-C 100 mg/m2 and VP16 100 mg/d iv gtt for 5 days continuously were used as one course.Results Among 17 refractory leukemia patients complete remission was achieved in 9 patients and partial remission in 4 patients, but no remission in 3 patients and one patient died of cerebral hemorrhage after one-two courses of the treatment. Conclusion The IAE regimen for treatment of refractory acute myelocytic leukemia is an effective therapy. The major toxic side effects encountered were marrow suppression,neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. The toxic side effects in heart, liver and kidney were not found.

Dynamic and sustainable fundraising strategies are the prerequisite for the long-term and stable development of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme(NRCMS).The paper analyzed the current situation and problems of NRCMS' fundraising,and proposed the principles for designing a sustainable financing strategy of NRCMS,and then its fundraising strategy.First,clarification of its fundraising sources and rational division of the sharing ratio of the funding bodies (individuals contributions account for 20％of the per capita fundraising) ; second,linking fundraising levels with net per capita net income(5 ％ ～ 6 ％) of peasants; third,expansion of the service scope and level coordinated within NRCM.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of a schedule of 2 cycles' high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) as an initial therapy in adults immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and compare with conventional dose prednisone therapy. Method A total of 59 newly diagnosed ITP patients were divided into 2 groups randomly. In 30 patients ( Dexamethasone group), oral HD-DXM was administered at 40 mg/d for 4 consecutive days, repeated one week later, and then failed to maintain. In the remaining 29and then gradually tapered. Results For short-term efficacy, after 1 and 2 weeks of treatment, the response rate in Dexamethasone group was significantly higher than that in Prednisone group (50. 0% vs 24. 1%, P ＜0. 01; 73.3% vs 55.2%, P ＜0. 05 ), while 3 weeks later, there was no remarkable difference between the two groups(83.3% vs 68.9%, P ＞ 0. 05 ), though the response rate in Dexamethasone group remained higher. For long-term effect, at the end of the 2nd and 3rd months of follow-up, the relapse rate in Dexamethasone group was significantly lower than that in Prednisone group(24. 0% vs 40. 0%, P ＜ 0. 05;32.0% vs 65. 0%, P ＜ 0. 01 ), while at the end of the 1st month of follow-up, there was no significant difference( 16. 0% vs 20. 0%, P ＞0.05 ). In addition, it's well tolerated and no complications such as severe infection or Cushing syndrome were complained in Dexamethasone group. Conclusion HD-DXM possesses an advantage over conventional dose prednisone therapy in efficacy and safety.

Objective To improve the recognition of nail-patella syndrome(NPS). Methods The pathological,clinical and x-ray features of NPS in 6 cases were analysed with literature reviewed. Results The main diagnostic features of NPS included:(1)There were nail dysplasia and family history;(2) The pathological changes were bilateral,multiple bone and multiple systems involved;(3) Patients had a characteristic tetrad involving the nails,knees,elbows and the presence of iliac horns. Conclusion Based on the typical x-ray findings combined with clinical characteristics,nail-patella syndrome can be suggested.Radiography is one of the best methods for the diagnosis of this disease.

BACKGROUND: There are few studies conceming morphological charactedstics, space-time distribution and differentiation of hepatic stem cells during embryo liver development.OBJECTIVE: To understand the action of alpha fetoprotein, cytokeratin-19 (CK19) and c-Met in the liver through observing the expression of them.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The in vitro cytological observational study was performed at the Central Laboratory of Weifang Medical College from June 2005 to December 2006.MATERIALS: A total of 40 embryo samples were obtained from 3-rnonth aborted fetus, which were supplied by Hospital Affiliated to Weifang Medical College.METHODS: Aborted embryo was collected and made into sections within 30 minutes. Fetal age was defined according to embryonic layer formation, somite number and organ development under a microscope. Sample sections with fetal age of 3-12weeks were selected. One was collected from every eleven sections and underwent immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expression of alpha fetoprotein, CK19 and c-Met was measured in embryo hepatic stem cells aged 3-12 weeks.RESULTS: At 3-5 weeks, samples were positive for alpha fetoprotein and c-Met, which were indicated as hepatic stem ceils. At 10-12 weeks, alpha fetoprotein- and c-Met-positive cells were mainly distributed surrounding the header, which suggested that hepatic stem cells were mainly located at hepatic cord of the header. This had similar distribution as adult hepatic oval cells (adult hepatic stem cells). CK19-positive reaction was found at week 7, and mainly at hepatic cord cells, bile duct sheet cells and bile duct epithelial cells at 10-11 weeks. CKlg-positive reaction was only seen at the bile duct sheet and bile duct epithelial cells at week 12. At this time, all bile duct sheet cells and bile duct epithelial cells were positive for alpha fetoprotein, c-Met and CK19.CONCLUSION: CK19-positive reaction was not found in hepatic stem cells, but only detected in bile duct epithelial cells and progenitor calls. CK19 may be not fit for a marker of hepatic stem cells. All bile duct sheet and bile duct epithelial cells are positive for alpha fetoprotein, c-Met and CK19. It is assumed that alpha fetoprotein+/c-Met+/CK19+ may be bile duct progenitor calls.