Cardiovascular diseases are closely related to proliferation , injury and apoptosis of the cells in the cardiovascular system .For instance , endothelial cells play an important role in the pathogenic process of hypertension and atherosclerosis , and smooth muscle cells and monocytes/macrophages involve in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque . Recently, it has been confirmed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulates proliferation, apoptosis, injury, autophagy and differentiation of the cells by a series of regulatory mechanisms , thus participating in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases .This article is to review the recent research progress on the function of lncRNAs and their regu -latory roles in the cardiovascular diseases at cellular and molecular levels .

Endothelialcellsarethecellsliningtheinnersurfacesofbloodvessels.Theybuildupasinglecell layer and play an important role in the regulation of vascular functions and the maintenance of homeostasis .The activation or injury of endothelial cells is associated with multiple diseases , including hypertension , atherosclerosis, cancer, diabe-tes, etc.Recent studies have found that microparticles are involved in the process of endothelial cell injury , thus playing a part in the development of many diseases .miRNAs enfolded in the microparticles have become importance in recent years . Moreover , recent studies also found that the concentration of the miRNAs enfolded in the microvesicles is higher than that of the miRNAs in the plasma , which means that the microparticles are the main form of miRNAs present in peripheral circula -tory system.This article is to review the recent research progress in microparticle-encapsulated miRNAs and their regulatory effect on endothelial cell injury .

Objective The purpose of this study is to observe the property of guided bone regeneration by collagen membrane and investigate the mechanism of guided bone regeneration. Methods 10mm defect of radius was created bilaterally in adult New Zealand rabbits. The experimental group was transplanted by collagen membrane with surface decalcified bone allograft,and the control group was transplanted by surfaced decalcified bone allograft alone.Radiological and histological and immunohistochemical examinations were taken postoperatively. Results In the transplantation area of experimental group,distinctive periosteal reaction and new bone growth occurred remarkably,bone remodeling progressed successfully,and defects healed completely.But in the transplantation area of the control group,new bone growth and mature bone replacement were delay due to occupation of fibrous connective tissue. Conclusions Collagen membrance has an ability to block and guide.In addition,membrane tube can keep endogenic BMP with exogenic BMP greatly concentrating and effectively distributing. The distributive characteristic of BMP exerts an influence on cellular resources and pattern of bone healing.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and hyperglycemia by analyzing the level of blood-fasting sugar (BFS) in patients with OSAHS. METHODS The data of BFS and AHI in patients with OSAHS (n=300) and the data of BFS of controls (n=225) were collected. The difference of high blood glucose in the OSAHS and the controls.and the difference of AHI between OSAHS patients with high blood glucose and OSAHS patients with normal blood glucose was analyzed. RESULTS There were 97 patients (32.3 %) with high BFS in 300 OSAHS patients, but only 14 cases (6.2 %) with high BFS in 225 controls. There was a significant difference between two groups. The average of AHI in OSAHS patients with high BFS was 67.8/h, and average of AHI in OSAHS patients with normal BFS was 38.4/h. There was a significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION There is a close correlation of OSAHS and hyperglycemia.

Background and purpose:Irinotecan plus fuorouracil/Leucovorin has become the standard regimen as the first-line in treating advanced colorectal cancer.We investigated the clinical response and side-effects of the first-line treatment with Irinotecan plus fuorouracil/ leucovorin(FOLFIRI) for advanced colorectal cancer.Methods:From may 2001 to march 2005,37 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were treat with irinotecan 180mg/m~(2) i.v.on day 2,and fuorouracil 400 mg/m~(2),bolus on day 1,2 and 1200 mg/m~(2),civ.44hour;leucovorin 200 mg/m~(2) i.v.on day 1,2,two weeks per cycle.Results:The response rate was 41.7%.Incidence of III/IV Grade myelosuppression was 35.1%/8.1%,and 4 patients suffered from febrile neutropenia.Incidence of III Grade delayed diarrhea was 8.1%.Conclusions:The first-line chemotherapy with a combination of irinotecan and fuorouracil/ leucovorin is effictive and well tolerated by patients with advanced colorectal cancer.

As an oral chemotherapy drug, capecitabine is safe, effective and easy to use, has been widely used in the treatment of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer and other solid tumor.The chemotherapy scheme is mainly for 3 weeks, each cycle of capecitabine for 14 days, and 7 days off.As a modification to conventional chemotherapy, the biweekly scheme with capecitabine showed low toxicity and well tolerated by patients, short hospitalization time and other characteristics, it is worth of application in clinical.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Qingdan Capsule (QDC) and Yanggan Lidan Granule (YGLDG), two kinds of compound traditional Chinese herbal medicines, on biochemical parameters in guinea-pigs with pigment gallstones. METHODS: An animal model of pigment gallstones was established in male guinea-pigs by hypodermic injection of lincomycin. The guinea-pigs were randomly divided into blank control group, untreated group, QDC group and YGLDG group. There were 8 guinea-pigs in each group. After ten-day treatment, animals were sacrificed and sampled to calculate the rate of stone formation, total bilirubin (TB), unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) and Ca2+ density in bile of the four groups. RESULTS: In comparison with the untreated group, the rates of stone formation in the QDC and YGLDG groups were significantly decreased (P<0.01). TBIL, UCB and Ca2+ content of bile in both QDC and YGLD groups was also significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: QDC and YGLD have good effects on biochemical changes of animal model of pigment gallstone in reversing the lithogenesity of bile by reducing the content of TB, UCB and Ca2+, hence resulting in clinical treatment and prevention of pigment gallstone disease.

Objective To screen the potent permeation enhancers used in transcutaneous immunization with inactivated highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine. Methods Five different permeation enhancers, ethanol, propylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, ratinoic acid, oleic acid, were used to treat the skin of BALB/c mice before transcutaneous immunization. Sera were collected before the flist transcutaneous immunization and every two weeks post immunization. The titers of influenza virus-specific humoral IgG and IgA were assayed in serum, lung and nasal lavages by ELISA. The titers of hemagglutination inhibition ( HAI), IFN-γand IL-4 produced by splenic lymphocytes were also detected. Except that, clinical symptom of the skin in different time points and skin pathological changes were observed. Results The serum IgG titers, HAI titers and the influenza virus-specific lgA and IgG in lung and nasal lavages in the groups of HA +CT + DMSO, HA + CT + RA and HA + CT + OA were significantly higher than those of HA and HA + CT groups( P ＜0.05). Moreover, the numbers of splenic lymphocytes producing IFN-γ and IL-4 were increased in the above three groups than those in control groups. In addition, no evident clinical symptoms were observed, but stratum corneum of the skin in different groups showed different changes. Conclusion DMSO,RA and OA are potent permeation enhancers in mouse model inoculated with inactivated high pathogenic avian influenza vaccine transcutaneously.

Objective To investigate the significance and expression of E-cadherin(E-CD),focal adhesion kinase(FAK)and FAK py397 in rectal cancer.Methods Thirty paraffin specimens of rectal cancer and adjacent tissues collected from 2001 to 2002 and 35 fresh specimens of rectal cancer and adjacent tissues resected from 2006 to 2007 at People's Hospital of Wuhan University were adopted in this study.The expression of E-CD,FAK and FAK py397 was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.All data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results E-CD was positively expressed in the membranes of epithelial cells in normal rectal mucosa,while no E-CD expression was found in the membranes of epithelial cells in rectal cancer tissues.There was a significant correlation between the expression of E-CD,FAK,FAK py397 and tumor difierentiation,depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis(χ~2=7.099,18.358,25.612;12.316,28.823,23.168;8.927,18.122,22.620,P＜0.05),while no relationship between the expression of E-CD,FAK,FAK py397 and age,sex was detected(χ~2=0.439,1.899,3.676;0.541,4.051,1.135,P＞0.05).The expression levels of FAK and FAK py397 were 83% (54/65)and 68% (44/65)in rectal cancer tissues,and were 31%(20/65)and 26% (17/65)in adjacent tissues,with significant difference(χ~2=33.707,34.163,20.897,P＜0.05).Conclusion Lost expression of E.CD in the membrane of rectal cancer tissue and elevated expression of FAK and FAK py397 in the rectal cancer tissue might be related to the invasion and metastasis of rectal cancer,which may predict the biological behavior of rectal cancer.

Objective In this paper,we selected the ultrasound features of the malignant thyroid nodules to evaluate the preoperative diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy ( US-FNAB )in the preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules.Methods Thirty-nine patients with thyroid nodules managed in the department of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Captial Medical University from Dec.2010 to Aug.2011 were studied.All of them were undertaken the ultrasonic examination,ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy and surgical treatment subsequently.The ultrasonic features,fine needle aspiration biopsy results and postoperative pathological results were analyzed to draw out the characteristics of sonographic features of thyroid malignant nodules.Results The sensitivity,specificity,misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of fine needle aspiration biopsy were 80.0％,89.4％,11.0％ and 20.0％ respectively.Solid nodules,shape/dimension ratio ≥ 1,calcifications ＜ 2 mm,irregular shape,blurred margins,type Ⅲ vascularity were correlated significantly with the malignant nodules of thyroid.The specificity of shape to dimension ratio and outline of the nodules were relatively higher than others (90.5％and 85.7％ respectively).But there were no single ultrasound feature that could carry a high sensitivity and positive predictive value in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules.Conclusions Two ultrasonographic characteristics could be used together as a select indicator to screen malignant nodules which can reduce the chance of undertaking the fine needle aspiration biopsy in thyroid nodules.