Objective To study the apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by green tea and the preventive effect of green tea on cancer.Methods Catecholamine,the main components of green tea was added into human breast cancer cell line(MDA-MB-231) with different concentrations,and then human breast cancer cell line was measured by MTT assay,comet assay,flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay respectively.Results After treatment with 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h,the cell proliferation was inhibited in the experimental group in MTT assay[minimum absorbance value (0.391±0.041),t=4.223 P<0.01].In comet assay,cells treated with 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h in the experimental group showed a fairly long tail[control group average value (4.92±0.64)μm,the experimental group average value (18.76±1.37)μm,P=0.003].The rate of cell apoptosis increased significantly by testing MDA-MB-231 exposed to EGCG with flow cytometry.The apoptotic rate of the cells exposed to 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h in the experimental group was (29.370±1.485)(t=11.125,P<0.01).EGCG induced apoptosis and caspase-3 activity rate was dependent on time and dose.The OD value of caspase-3 observed by the colorimetric method in cells exposed to 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h in the experimental group was (0.144±0.045)(t=5.321,P<0.01).Conclusion EGCG may play a role in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer by affecting apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinicopathological features of ossifying fibroma (OF) and fibrous dysplasia (FD) , and to evaluate the role of immunohistochemistry in differential diagnosis. METHODS Clinical presentation and morphological study of 40 cases with OF and 26 cases with FD were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry stains for PCNA, Ki-67, Laminin and CK 19 were performed in specimens of 10 cases with FD and 26 cases with OF. RESULTS The average age of OF was 22.2 years and the ratio of male and female was 2.33:1. The average age of FD was 17.2 years and the ratio of male and female is about1:1. The average age of the multibone type of FD was 11.2 years and the ratio of male and female is 1:2. Most of OF occurred in ethmoid sinus (75 %) and 70 % of the patients presented snuffle and hyposmia, while FD inclineed to arise from sphenoid (58 %) and 80.8 %of patients showed eyesight dropping and exophthalmos. The immunohistochemistry stains PCNA was positive in 19 cases (73.1 %) of OF and negative in 10 cases of FD. Ki-67, laminin, CK19 were of little significance. CONCLUSION The gender, age distribution, clinical and pathological features of OF and FD are different from each other. Immunohistochemistry staining for PCNA is of great value in their differential diagnosis.

Objective:To study the clinicopathologic characteristic of the primary extranodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in head and neck.Method:Clinical manifestation and the characteristic of clinicopathology of 216 extranodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients in head and neck were analyzed retrospectively.Result:The age of thirty-one to sixty and seventy-one to eighty years old were more common age range in the group of patients. Nasal cavity was the most commonly primary involved site(95 cases, 44.0% ) , secondly was tonsil ( 47 cases, 21.8%). The most common histologic subtype was NK/T cell lymphoma, which accounted for 49.5%(107 cases)of cases, secondly was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL, 58 cases, 26.7%). The most common histologic subtype in different swtach groups respectively is: NK/T cell lymphoma in nasal cavity(74 cases,77.9%), DLBCL in paranasal sinus(6 cases,50.0%), DLBCL in tonsil(27 cases,57.4%),NK/T cell lymphoma in nasopharynx(17 cases,44.7%), and DLBCL in lingual root(5 cases,45.4%).Conclusion:We conclude that primary extranodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is common in head and neck patients. There is characteristic in age, primary involved site and histologic subtype, which is helpful to understand these characteristic for pathologic diagnosis.

Objective To explore the effect of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) on left atrial (LA) function by strain rate imaging(SRI). Methods Twenty-three patients with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting were involved. SRI was performed on those patients to evaluate LA function quantitatively at baseline (before CABG),and at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after CABG. Peak strain rate(SR) was measured at each segment (septal, lateral, posterior, anterior, and inferior walls) and mean peak systolic SR (SRs),peak early diastolic SR (SRe) and peak atrial systolic SR (SRa) were calculated by averaging data in each segment. Results Compared with the baseline,LV pre-systolic volume(LAVp), maximal volume (LAVmax), minimal volume (LAVmin), LV active emptying fraction (LAAEF) and passive empting fraction(LAPEF) had on significant differences at 1 week (P >0.05). LAVp,LAVmin,LAVmax and LAAEF decreased gradually after CABG, LAPEF increased gradually after CABG (P <0.05). Compared with the baseline, the peaks of SR curve showed no significant differences at 1 week (P >0.05). Nevertheless,the peaks of SR were increased at systole and early diastole,decreased at atrial contraction at 1 month (P <0.05). Those changes were turned more significantly at 3 months (P 0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) both increased at 1 month and 3 months,and its changing rate correlated inversely with the changing rate of SRa respectively (r = -0.751, -0.783,all P<0.01).Conclusions LA function is affected by CABG, presented as reservoir and pump functions decreased and conduit function increased. SRI can evaluate the atrial function quantitatively and monitor the changing of LA function dynamically after CABG.

Objective To explore the changes of left atrial systolic function in patients with coronary heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods Strain rate imaging (SRI) was performed on 23 patients with coronary heart disease before CABG, 1 week, 1 and 3 months after CABG to evaluate left atrial systolic function quantitatively. Results No significant change of left atrial systolic function was detected 1 week after CABG (P＞0.05 ). E/A and LVEF increased, LAFS, AEF and SRa decreased 1 month after CABG compared with those before CABG (P＜0.05). Three months after CABG, changes turned more significantly (P＜0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased 1 and 3 months after CABG, and its changing rate negatively correlated with those of Sra (r=-0.751,-0.783; all P＜0.01). Conclusion Left atrial systolic function is affected by CABG, presenting as decrease of pump function. SRI can be used to evaluate the atrial systolic function quantitatively and monitor the changing of left atrial systolic function dynamically after CABG.

Objective To explore the relationship between drug resistance of leukemic cells and Caspase-3,this study took adriamycin(ADR)-resistant human chronic granulocytic leukemic cell strain K562/AO_2 as research subject,observing the cell survival and the morphological change of cell apoptosis under the action of ADR and arsenic sulfide and the Caspase-3 activity before and after putting in the Caspase-3 inhibitor.Methods ① The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) method was used to determine the cell survival(A value) of K562/AO_(2)cell strain under the action of ADR and arsenic sulfide.② DNA agarose gel electrophoresis was performed to observe the DNA cleavage of apoptotic cells.③ The enzyme colorimetric activity assay(CAA) method was used to measure the change of the Caspase-3 activity of K562/AO_(2) cell strain.Results ① The A value of K562/AO_(2) cells had a time and dosage dependent relation with arsenic sulfide.② Apoptosis occurred in the K562/AO_(2) cell strain affected by arsenic sulfide.③ Compared with the cell strains with the Caspase-3 inhibitor added,the Caspase-3 activity of those without the Caspase-3 inhibitor increased remarkably(P

Objective To observe the changes of nitric oxide (NO) levels in plasma during cardiopul-monary resuscitation (CPR) and to compare the effects of aminoguanidine (AG) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on CPR. Method This was a prospective, randomized animal study performed at the Function Laboratory of Lanzhou University. Cardiac arrest was electrically induced and was left untreated for 5 min. After performing chest compression for 1 min, 40 domestic rabbits were divided into four groups (n = 10) to receive ei-ther 20 mg/kg AG, 25 mg/kg L-NAME, 0.02 mg/kg epinephrine or 2 ml saline placebo before defibrillation. Successfully resuscitated rabbits were observed for a further 4 h. Hernodynamics variables and cardiac functions were monitored with appropriate instrumentation. Arterial blood NO levels were examined at baseline, at the end of 1 min chest compression and at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min after survival. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine statistical significance between groups. Results During chest compression, the mean + stan-dard deviation coronary perfusion pressure was higher in the AG group (40±10 mmHg) than in the L-NAME group (34±8 mmHg; P =0.001) and was higher in both groups with the control group (20±5 mmHg; both P =0.000). Left ventricular + dp/dtmax and- dp/dtmax were higher in the AG group than in the L-NAME group. In the surviving rabbits, the left ventricular + dp/dtmax and - dp/dtmax were higher in the AG and L-NAME groups than in the epinephrine and control groups and were higher in the AG group (4783±912, 4409±827 mmHg/s)than in the b-NAME group (3554±847, 3398±764 mmHg/s; P = 0.001 and 0.023, respectively). Conclu-sions Both AG and L-NAME increased the coronary perfusion pressure, and improved left ventricular systolic and diastolic function during CPR and prevented post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction. However, AG was signifi-canfly superior to L-NAME.

BACKGROUND: Brain trauma can stimulate the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) to some extent, while progesterone can ameliorate the learning and memory function following brain trauma, which can also promote the neurofunctional recovery after brain trauma by stimulating the proliferation of NSCs.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of progesterone on the proliferation of NSCs after diffuse brain injury (DBI).DESIGN: Randomized control animal experiment.SETTING: Xinxiang Medical College.MATERIALS: Forty-eight healthy male SD rats at 4-5 months with the body mass of 280-330 g were selected.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in Xinxiang Medical College from September 2004 to January 2005. Forty-eight rat models of Marmarou DBI were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 rats in each group: ①Sham-operation group: rats were cut open the scalp and then sutured.②Brain trauma group: rats were made into animal models of brain trauma.③Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) group: rats were given intraperitoneal injection of DMSO at the same volume as progesterone group at one hour after brain trauma and then the same administration was performed daily. ④Progesterone group: rats were intraperitoneally injected with 4 mg/kg progesterone at one hour after brain trauma and then the same administration was performed daily. Rats were executed respectively at 3 and 6 days after sham operation or brain trauma operation, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted to observe the morphological changes of cortical neurons in brain. The expressions of nestin in dentate gyrus and hippocampus were detected with immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Observation of histomorphological changes of neurons and detection of the expressions of nestin in hippocampus and dentate gyrus.RESULTS: ①There was no injury in cortical neurons in the sham-operation group, while obvious neuronal injury and loss in cortex of rats were found in the 3-day and 6-day brain trauma groups, and the neuronal injury was significantly severer in brain trauma than in 3-day and 6-day progesterone groups. ②The expressions of nestin in hippocampal CA4 region or dentate gyrus of sham-operation group were in low level or little, and the expression of nestin could be seen occasionally in hippocampal CA4 region. The expressions of nestin in hippocampal CA4 region and dentate gyrus of the brain trauma group significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05), while those in the progesterone group increased more than the brain trauma group remarkably (P ＜ O.05).③There were no differences in neuronal injury and nestin expression between braintrauma group and DMSO group(P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUCION: Progesterone for brain trauma may be related with its promoting effects on the proliferation of NSCs.

Objective To evaluate the effect of continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS) in improving the current status of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) control and reducing the economic burden of the patients.Methods One hundred and fifteen patients with T1DM were randomly assigned to the CGMS group and the self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG) group respectively.The patients in CGMS group were on 72 h CGMS every 6 months, while SMBG group only with SMBG to guide the insulin dose adjustment.The levels of blood glucose and the statistics of the number of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis were taken as the main observational indexes every 6 months.The chronic complication and the statistics of the number of hospitalizations and the total cost of treatment were made as the secondary observational index every 12 months.Results 2 h postprandial plasma glucose(2hPG) and mean blood glucose(MBG) in the CGMS group were lower than those in the SMBG group [(10.7±1.9 vs 11.5±2.7) mmol/L, (9.7±0.5 vs 10.6±0.7) mmol/L, P<0.05] in the clinical follow-up visit after 6 months.The per capita number of hypoglycaemia in the CGMS group was lower than that in the SMBG group[(7.9±2.6 vs 9.2±3.4) times, P<0.05].In the outpatient follow-up re-visit to the patients after 6 months, fasting plasma glucose(FPG), 2hPG, MBG, and HbA1C of the patients in the CGMS group were lower than those in the SMBG group(t=4.71~9.75, P<0.05), the per capita numbers of hypoglycemia and DKA in the CGMS group were lower than those in the SMBG group(t=3.61~4.37, P<0.05).Conclusion The application of real-time continuous glucose monitoring in T1DM outpatient management may reduce the whole-day blood glucose of the patients, decrease the incidence risk of hypoglycemia, and improve the compliance of the treatment while without increasing the economic burden of the disease.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic characteristic of the primary extranodular non Hodgkin's lymphoma in head and neck. METHOD: Clinical manifestation and the characteristic of clinicopathology of 216 extranodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients in head and neck were analyzed retrospectively. RESULT: The age of thirty-one to sixty and seventy-one to eighty years old were more common age range in the group of patients. Nasal cavity was the most commonly primary involved site (95 cases, 44.0%), secondly was tonsil (47 cases, 21.8%). The most common histologic subtype was NK/T cell lymphoma, which accounted for 49.5% (107 cases) of cases, secondly was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL, 58 cases, 26.7%). The most common histologic subtype in different stach groups respectively is: NK/T cell lymphoma in nasal cavity (74 cases,77.9%), DLBCL in paranasal sinus (6 cases, 50.0%), DLBCL in tonsil (27 cases, 57.4%), NK/T cell lymphoma in nasopharynx (17 cases, 44.7%), and DLBCL in lingual root (5 cases, 45.4%). CONCLUSION We conclude that primary extranodular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is common in head and neck patients. There is characteristic in age, primary involved site and histologic subtype, which is helpful to understand these characteristic for pathologic diagnosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult