Objective To investigate the expression of two long non-coding RNAs ( lncRNAs ) during HIV-1 infection, which were nuclear-enriched autosomal transcript 1 (NEAT1) and metastasis asso-ciated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 ( MALAT1 ) , and their relationships with disease progression . Methods Fifty-nine patients with HIV-1 infection and 21 healthy subjects were recruited in this study , of which 31 patients were highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART)-na?ve and 28 patients received HAART for more than one year with undetectable viral loads .Total RNAs were extracted from PBMC and plasma samples, respectively.The levels of NEAT1 and MALAT1 were detected by quantitative real time polymer-ase chain reaction .Results The levels of NAET1 and MALAT1 in PBMC from HAART na?ve patients were 3 to 5 times higher than those in healthy subjects (P<0.01).The levels of NAET1 and MALAT1 in PBMC from HAART treated patients were similar to those in healthy subjects .The levels of NEAT1 in plasma sam-ples from patients with HIV-1 infection were lower than those in healthy subjects , and were positively corre-lated with CD4+T cell counts (P<0.01).No significance differences in the levels of MALAT1 in plasma samples were found between those with and without HIV-1 infection (P>0.05).Conclusion This study suggested that NEAT 1 and MALAT1 might be involved in the disease progression in patients with HIV-1 in-fection.The level of NEAT1 in plasma could be used as a potential biomarker of HIV-1 infection.

Aim This study was to examine the effect of ethyl acetate extract of shiitake mushroom on a human breast cancer line-MCF-7 cell in vitro. Method Cell cytotoxicity was examined using MTT method, Cell apoptosis was examined by AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining,Cell cycle analysis was determined by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to determine Cyclin D_1、Cdk4、Bax and p21WAE1/CIP1 protein expression. Results Concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects of the extract were observed in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, p21WAE1/CIP1)were up-regulated while proteins involved in cell cycle(Cyclin D_1 and Cdk4)were down-regulated. Conclusion This study suggests that the anti-breast cancer activities might result from increased apoptosis and growth arrest

Objective:To investigate the effects of iron deficiency in early life on neurobehavioral manifestations in CDH2 genetic mutation rats, in order to explore interaction between iron deficiency and CDH2 gene mutation in autism-like behavior.Methods:The 16 female SD rats with established CDH2 genetic mutations were randomly divided into 8 rats as iron deficiency group and 8 rats as normal diet control group.After mating, rats were fed low-iron diets during pregnancy and lactation or standard diets as control.The offsprings were randomly divided into 27 rats as iron deficiency group and 27 rats as control group.The voice communication ability of offspring was studied through ultrasonic vocalizations.The data and videos of open-field test, three-chamber social interaction test were recorded by animal behavioral video analysis system(Smart3.0). The characteristics of behavior changes were analyzed by statistical methods.Results:Total number of calls in rats aged 10 day in iron deficiency group[(755.67±161.86)times]were significantly lower than that in the control group[(1461.89±166.57)times]( P<0.05). Total calling duration[(41.77±16.17)s]were significantly lower than that in the control group[(86.22±10.07)s]( P<0.05). There is a certain synergistic effect of CDH2 genetic mutation and iron deficiency on the reduction of total calls in rats aged 6 and 8 day( P<0.05). The total distance, distance in zone-periphery, mean speed in zone-total and mean speed in zone-periphery of rats in iron deficiency group were all higher than that in the control group( P<0.05); the numbers of standing and rearing were reduced( P<0.05). In the second stage of the three-chamber test, the rats in the iron deficiency group had shorter communication time with the new stranger 2 and longer interaction time with the old stranger 1 compared with the control, showing a weakening trend of social ability, but the difference was not statistically significant( P>0.05). Conclusion:Autism-like behavioral changes occurred in rats with iron deficiency in early life and CDH2 genetic mutation, and there is a certain degree of synergy.Iron deficiency and CDH2 mutation may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder.

At present, male infertility has become a serious social and medical burden in all countries in the world, and reduce people′s happy life index. Base on this, radiologists and clinicians are trying to find some new technologies of the medical image examination methods, including X-rays, B-ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, etc, attempt to obtain the exact etiology diagnosis of male infertility in order to get more effective treatments and benefits with more happy families. This article of reviews the application and research progress of the latest imaging techniques in the etiological diagnosis of male infertility in recent years.

Objective: Under the intervention of modern holistic medical model, the subjective feelings and objective effects of parents and children in circumcision were studied in children aged 3-6 years. Methods: A prospective study was conducted to select 2012 children aged 3 to 6 years who underwent circumcision at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from August 2013 to May 2017. The patients were divided into control group and experimental group by completely randomized grouping, there were 1 006 cases in each group. The children in the control group were treated with a single biomedical model, which was completed according to the conventional flow-type operation. The children in the experimental group adopted the modern holistic medical model, and the full modern holistic medical model intervention was performed before, during and after the operation. The medical treatment process highlighted the overall humanistic care for the children. The age of the control group was (4.19±1.75) years old, and the age of the children in the experimental group was (4.26±1.68) years old. The operation time, the degree of surgical pain [with the pain visual analogue scale (VAS)], the postoperative complications (including postoperative hemorrhage, penile edema, infection, wound rupture), wound healing time, surgery satisfaction rate and fear level of children were compared between the two groups. Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation (Mean±SD), t-test was used for comparison between groups; Chi-square test was used to compare the count data. Results: In the control group, the operation time was (9.26±1.87) min, the surgical pain VAS was (2.59±0.72), postoperative bleeding was 38 (3.8%), severe penile edema was 78 (7.8%), and infection was 12 (1.2%), wound rupture was 32 cases (3.2%), the wound healing time was (20.4±2.56) d, and the surgical satisfaction rate was 67.4%. In the experimental group, the operation time of was (6.15±1.23) min, the surgical pain VAS was (1.71±0.54), postoperative bleeding was 6 cases (0.6%), severe penile edema was 12 cases (1.2%), and infection was 8 cases (0.8%), wound rupture was 2 cases (0.2%), the healing time was (15.2±3.16) d, and the operation satisfaction rate was 98.8%. The operation time, surgical pain VAS, postoperative bleeding, severe penile edema, wound splitting rate, healing time and surgical satisfaction rate were statistically significant (P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference in wound infection rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The fear level of children in the experimental group was superior to the control group at levels 0, 1, 2 and 3, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Under the intervention of modern holistic medical model, the child′s operation process is smooth, the children and parents have good subjective feelings, no obvious fear, good compliance, high satisfaction, good objective clinical effect, and positively improve the relationship between doctors and patients. The society has won a good reputation and deserves to be promoted clinically.

In recent years, the infection of nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) has been increasing rapidly, which captivates widespread attention. The infection rate of NTM in kidney transplant recipients is more significantly elevated due to the impact of immunosuppressive drugs and other factors. However, due to the lack of sufficient research evidence, relevant guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of NTM after kidney transplantation are still lacking. To further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of NTM disease in kidney transplant recipients, and deepen medical practitioners' understanding and diagnosis and treatment of NTM disease in organ transplantation in China, Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate this guideline by referring to the latest edition of “An official ATS/IDSA statement: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases”, “Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease”, and “Technical Specification for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Organ Transplant Recipients (2019 Edition) ”, and considering the characteristics of kidney transplant recipients.