Object To optimize the conditions for the extraction of Panax notoginseng (Burk ) F H Chen Methods Conditions for the extraction were studied by orthogonal experimental design as guided by the content of total notoginseng saponin present in the extract Results Significant effect was observed in 3 different experimental conditions Conclusion The optimum condition for the extraction of P notoginseng was to soak the drug in 75% alcohol for 24 h and then percolate at a rate of 1~3 ml/min to collect an amount corresponding to about 10 times of the quantity of P notoginseng

Object To develop a method for the determination of polysaccharide in TIANCI CAPSULE, which is a new drug dosage form containing the bouillon of fresh water mussels with immunopotentiating activity Methods Total polysaccharide was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method with glucose as the standard, and spectrophotometer assay absorbency at 490 nm Results The linear range of polysaccharide was 10～80 ?g/mL, r=0 999 7 The average recovery rate was 98 67% (n=5), RSD=2 58% Through sample assay, the content of polysaccharide was 267 7～300 6 mg in each TIANCI CAPSULE Conclusion The method is simple, rapid and reliable, and may be used for the quality control of this preparation

Object To develop a capillary GC-MS analytical method for identification and deter- mination of ginkgolide A, B, C and bilobalide (GA, GB, GC and BB) in Ginkgo biloba L. leaves. Methods The leave samples were extracted in ultrasonic bath with ethanol-water (20∶80). The extract was purified by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate followed by solid-phase extraction on a column mixed with acid Al 2O 3, active carbon and celite. The terpenes were trimethylsilylated by BSTFA (with 1% TMCS) for 60 min at 100 ℃ and determined by GC-MS with HP-5 MS capillary column in the selected-ion monitoring mode. The intense fragment ions were chosen as monitoring ions for quantitative analysis. Cholesterol was used as an internal standard. Column temperature gradient: initial temperature 180 ℃, maintained 1 min, and then increased at 20 ℃/min to 260 ℃, and finally at 2 ℃/min up to 300 ℃, maintained 2 min. Results The retention times of GA, GB, GC and BB were 13.7,14.3,15.3 and 6.8 min, the major fragmentation ions (monitoring) were at m/z 537, 625, 713 and 455 (299), the average recoveries of GA, GB, GC and BB were 102.0%, 99.4%, 96.0%, 96.3%, RSD were 0.54%, 2.40%, 1.98% and 2.43%, respectively. Conclusion This method is repeatable, specific, accurate and easy to operate. It is adoptable for quality and quantity analysis of terpene lactones from G. biloba leaves.

Objective To observe the expression of PAX-2 and PTEN in different types of endometrial lesions, and to study their relationship with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN). Methods 60 cases of endometrial hyperplasic lesions and 70 cases of endometrial carcinoma were enrolled. All cases were reclassified by using the diagnostic criteria of EIN, and PAX-2 and PTEN were stained to compare the difference among them. Results The deletion rates of PAX-2 in benign hyperplasia, EIN and endometrial carcinoma were 39.5 % (15/38), 72.7 % (16/22) and 78.6 % (55/70), respectively, and there was a statistical difference (χ2= 21.664, P= 0.000). The deletion rates of PTEN in benign hyperplasia, EIN and endometrial carcinoma were 47.4%(18/38), 54.5%(12/22) and 75.7%(53/70), respectively, and there was no statistical difference (χ2=2.878, P=0.411). Conclusion The staining of PAX-2 could be considered as a reliable adjuvant diagnostic method in the diagnostic criteria of EIN, however, the loss of PTEN just should be regarded as a suggestion of EIN, not a confirmed diagnostic basis.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between life events, cognitive emotional regulation strategies, neuroticism and depression in pregnant women and the internal mechanism of action.Methods:Short-term longitudinal follow-up design were used in this study.A total of 327 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy were investigated with pregnant women's life events scale, cognitive emotion regulation strategy questionnaire, neuroticism subscale of Chinese big five personality questionaire-short form at T1 time point, and patient health questionnaire 9 were measured after 6 weeks(T2).SPSS 20.0 macro program PROCESS was used to examine the mediating effect of cognitive emotion and the moderating effect of neuroticism.Results:(1) The incidence of depression in the third trimester pregnant women was 12.23%.(2)There was significant positive correlation between the total score of life events in pregnant women(T1) and the total score of non-adaptive cognitive emotional regulation strategies(T1) ( r=0.25, P<0.01).Total neurotic personality(T1) and total depressive mood(T2) were significantly positively correlated ( r=0.46, P<0.01).The total scores of life events(T1) of pregnant women were significantly positively correlated with the total scores of depression(T2) ( r=0.36, P<0.01).(3) The non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy (T1) played a partial mediating role between life events (T1) and depression (T2).The direct effect (effect size=0.29) and the mediating effect (effect size=0.07) accounted for 80.55% and 19.44% of the total effect (effect size=0.36).(4) Neuroticism regulates the second part of the mediating effect of the mediating model.Specifically, the higher the level of individual neuroticism, the stronger the positive predictive effect of non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies on maternal depression. Conclusion:Pregnant life events play a role in maternal depression through the mediating role of non-adaptive cognitive emotional regulation strategies and the moderating role of neuroticism.

OBJECTIVETo assess the influence of assisted reproductive technology(ART) on the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities by analyzing spontaneous abortions during the first trimester following natural conception(NC) or assisted reproductive technology(ART).

METHODSThree hundred and fourteen chorionic villus samples of women with first trimester spontaneous abortion were collected. Cell culture and G-banding karyotyping analysis were carried out, which included 125 cases by in vitro fertilization(IVF), 87 cases by intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) and 102 cases by natural conception(NC).

RESULTSChromosomal aberrations were found in 167(53.2%) of the 314 cases. No significant difference was found in the spectrum of karyotypic abnormalities between NC and ART groups. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities has increased along with the maternal age. Compared with the fresh embryo-transfer(ET) group, frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET) group showed a slightly lower incidence of chromosomal abnormalities, albeit with no statistical significance(47.3% vs. 53.8%, P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONFetal chromosomal abnormalities are the main cause for spontaneous abortion during the first trimester regardless the ways of conception. Their incidence is associated with maternal age. FET is relatively safe as well as fresh ET. ART is a relatively safe treatment which does not increase the rate of fetal chromosomal abnormalities.