Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of poloxamer hydrogel loaded with exosomes derived from human dental pulp stem cells genetically modified with human hepatocyte growth factor against radiation skin injuries.Methods Human dental pulp stem cells derived exosomes(DPSC-Exo)and hepatocyte growth factor modified DPSC-Exo(HGF-DPSC-Exo)were extracted via ultracentrifugation separation,identified in terms of particle size and morphology,and analyzed separately by means of nanoparticle tracking analysis and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),while exosome marker proteins were determined by Western blot.Then,the effect of exosomes on radiation-damaged skin cells was assessed.The poloxamer hydrogel was prepared and its safety was evaluated with CCK-8.A mouse model of injury combined with radiation injury was established,and the therapeutic effect of hydrogel loaded with exosomes was determined based on wound size,HE and Masson staining.Furthermore,the underlining therapeutic mechanism was explored with Tunnel assay,malondialdehyde content and peroxidase activity.Results The diameter exosomes ranged from 30 to 150 nm and their morphology was a disc-shaped vesicle under SEM.Moreover,CD9,CD63 and TSG101 were expressed.The results of cellular experiments showed that exosomes significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of radiation-damaged skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts,and reduced their apoptosis.HGF modification enhanced the healing effect of exosomes.Poloxamer hydrogel showed good temperature-sensitive properties and biocompatibility.The results of animal experiments showed that exosomes significantly accelerated the healing of radiation-combined injuries in mice,inhibited inflammatory infiltration and mitigated collagen deposition in the wound.Interestingly,the healing effect in the group treated with hydrogel loaded with exosomes was the best.The underlining mechanism was possibly related to promotion of cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis and oxidative stress.Conclusion A novel poloxamer hydrogel loaded HGF-DPSC-Exo has been prepared and its therapeutic effect against radiation combined injury has been proved,thus providing a new strategy for the treatment of radiation skin injury in clinic.

Objective:To systematically investigate the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection following autologous fat grafting.Methods:A comprehensive search and collection of domestic and international literature on NTM infection after autologous fat grafting was conducted based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The gender, age, surgical procedure, onset latency, time of diagnosis, NTM strain, clinical manifestations, treatment plan, and follow-up time of each selected patient were collected. Systematic analysis was performed on the collected data. The measurement data of normal distribution was expressed as Mean±SD, the data of skew distribution was expressed as M( Q1, Q3), count data was expressed as frequency and percentage. Results:The data of 72 patients from 31 studies were included in the analysis, with 1 male and 71 females, aged (36.7±11.7) years (ranging from 21 to 67 years). The follow-up period ranged from 2 months to 9 years, with a median time of 12 (6, 36) months. Infection sites after fat grafting included the face (65.3%, n=47), breast (20.8%, n=15), abdomen (9.7%, n=7), buttocks (8.3%, n=6), and limbs (2.8%, n=2). Among them, 65 cases (90.3%) were infected at the injection site, 2 cases (2.8%) were infected at the liposuction site, and 5 cases (6.9%) were infected at both the liposuction and injection sites. The identified strains of NTM were: M. abscessus in 53 cases (73.6%), M. chelonae in 10 cases (13.9%), M. fortuitum in 7 cases (9.7%), M. conceptionense in 1 case (1.4%), and mixed infection of M. abscessus/ M. chelonae in 1 case (1.4%). The average latency period was 25 (10, 30) days, ranged from four days to six months. The time of diagnosis was approximately 120 (68, 195) days (ranged from 30 days to two years). Sixty-nine patients (95.8%) underwent debridement, drainage, and negative pressure aspiration, with an average of more than 3 times of debridement treatments. All patients were treated with two or more antibiotics. Clarithromycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and cefoxitin were the most frequently used antibiotics. The mean duration of treatment was 12 (7, 16) months (ranged 2.5 to 18 months). Conclusion:The most common strains of NTM infection after autologous fat grafting were M. abscessus, M. chelonae, and M. fortuitum, with a higher infection rate observed at the fat injection site compared to the liposuction site. The most common treatment strategy for NTM after diagnosis was early debridement followed by combined antibiotic therapy. However, it is challenging to accurately diagnose NTM infections, leading to a high rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Therefore, healthcare professionals should increase their awareness of NTM infections and acquire knowledge on how to prevent, diagnose, and treat them.

Objective:To conduct a network meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of various drug injections for treating keloids.Methods:The search terms of "triamcinolone acetonide, 5-fluorouracil, verapamil, botulinum toxin, platelet rich plasma, keloid, scar, drug injection" were retrieved in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang database to obtain the publicly published randomized controlled trials comparing single or combined drug injection for treating keloid from January 2010 to February 2023. The outcome index was the effective proportion of treatment, incidence proportion of adverse reactions, and recurrence proportion. NoteExpress, RevMan 5.4, and Stata 16.0 statistical software were utilized to perform a network meta-analysis of eligible studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results:A total of 1 679 patients were enrolled in 21 studies that evaluated nine treatment modalities: triamcinolone (TAC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), botulinum toxin type A (BTA), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Verapamil, BTA+ 5-FU, TAC+ 5-FU, TAC+ BTA, and TAC+ PRP. The network diagram revealed that there were 36 pairwise comparisons among the 9 treatment measures, with direct comparisons in 13 of them. The funnel plot demonstrated a symmetrical distribution of effect size points, and both Beggs test and Eggers test yielded P values greater than 0.05, indicating a low likelihood of publication bias. Nine treatment measures formed five closed loops with good consistency. The result of the network meta-analysis indicated that BTA+ 5-FU was more effective than TAC, 5-FU, or PRP alone; TAC+ 5-FU was more effective than TAC, 5-FU, or PRP alone; TAC+ BTA was more effective than TAC, 5-FU, BTA, or PRP alone; Verapamil was more effective than 5-FU and BTA was more effective than 5-FU. All result were found to be statistically significant ( P<0.05). A surface under the cumulative ranking area (SUCRA) map was generated, displaying the efficacy ranking and corresponding SUCRA values for each treatment: BTA+ 5-FU (85.6%)>TAC+ 5-FU (84.8%)>BTA+ TAC (76.7%)>Verapamil (48.9%)>BTA (45.0%)>TAC+ PRP (43.8%)>PRP (32.1%)>TAC (24.7%)>5-FU(8.3%). In terms of recurrence rate, the incidence of recurrence was higher with 5-FU compared to BTA or TAC+ 5-FU, and the incidence of recurrence was higher with TAC compared to TAC+ 5-FU; these differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). A SUCRA map was generated with the ranking and SUCRA value for each treatment as follows: 5-FU (80.4%)>TAC (73.5%)>Verapamil (65.7%)>TAC+ BTA (52.5%)>PRP (34.8%)>BTA+ 5-FU (33.7%)>TAC+ 5-FU (30.2%)>BTA (29.3%). The qualitative analysis revealed a significantly lower incidence of systemic and local adverse reactions following combined drug injection compared to single drug injection. Conclusion:In the treatment of keloids using drug injection, combination therapy utilizing multiple drugs has demonstrated superior efficacy, lower recurrence rates, and fewer adverse reactions in comparison to single-drug therapy. Notably, the utilization of BAT, 5-FU, and TAC in combination may yield the most favorable outcomes.

Objective:To systematically investigate the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection following autologous fat grafting.Methods:A comprehensive search and collection of domestic and international literature on NTM infection after autologous fat grafting was conducted based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The gender, age, surgical procedure, onset latency, time of diagnosis, NTM strain, clinical manifestations, treatment plan, and follow-up time of each selected patient were collected. Systematic analysis was performed on the collected data. The measurement data of normal distribution was expressed as Mean±SD, the data of skew distribution was expressed as M( Q1, Q3), count data was expressed as frequency and percentage. Results:The data of 72 patients from 31 studies were included in the analysis, with 1 male and 71 females, aged (36.7±11.7) years (ranging from 21 to 67 years). The follow-up period ranged from 2 months to 9 years, with a median time of 12 (6, 36) months. Infection sites after fat grafting included the face (65.3%, n=47), breast (20.8%, n=15), abdomen (9.7%, n=7), buttocks (8.3%, n=6), and limbs (2.8%, n=2). Among them, 65 cases (90.3%) were infected at the injection site, 2 cases (2.8%) were infected at the liposuction site, and 5 cases (6.9%) were infected at both the liposuction and injection sites. The identified strains of NTM were: M. abscessus in 53 cases (73.6%), M. chelonae in 10 cases (13.9%), M. fortuitum in 7 cases (9.7%), M. conceptionense in 1 case (1.4%), and mixed infection of M. abscessus/ M. chelonae in 1 case (1.4%). The average latency period was 25 (10, 30) days, ranged from four days to six months. The time of diagnosis was approximately 120 (68, 195) days (ranged from 30 days to two years). Sixty-nine patients (95.8%) underwent debridement, drainage, and negative pressure aspiration, with an average of more than 3 times of debridement treatments. All patients were treated with two or more antibiotics. Clarithromycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and cefoxitin were the most frequently used antibiotics. The mean duration of treatment was 12 (7, 16) months (ranged 2.5 to 18 months). Conclusion:The most common strains of NTM infection after autologous fat grafting were M. abscessus, M. chelonae, and M. fortuitum, with a higher infection rate observed at the fat injection site compared to the liposuction site. The most common treatment strategy for NTM after diagnosis was early debridement followed by combined antibiotic therapy. However, it is challenging to accurately diagnose NTM infections, leading to a high rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Therefore, healthcare professionals should increase their awareness of NTM infections and acquire knowledge on how to prevent, diagnose, and treat them.

Objective:To conduct a network meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of various drug injections for treating keloids.Methods:The search terms of "triamcinolone acetonide, 5-fluorouracil, verapamil, botulinum toxin, platelet rich plasma, keloid, scar, drug injection" were retrieved in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang database to obtain the publicly published randomized controlled trials comparing single or combined drug injection for treating keloid from January 2010 to February 2023. The outcome index was the effective proportion of treatment, incidence proportion of adverse reactions, and recurrence proportion. NoteExpress, RevMan 5.4, and Stata 16.0 statistical software were utilized to perform a network meta-analysis of eligible studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results:A total of 1 679 patients were enrolled in 21 studies that evaluated nine treatment modalities: triamcinolone (TAC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), botulinum toxin type A (BTA), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Verapamil, BTA+ 5-FU, TAC+ 5-FU, TAC+ BTA, and TAC+ PRP. The network diagram revealed that there were 36 pairwise comparisons among the 9 treatment measures, with direct comparisons in 13 of them. The funnel plot demonstrated a symmetrical distribution of effect size points, and both Beggs test and Eggers test yielded P values greater than 0.05, indicating a low likelihood of publication bias. Nine treatment measures formed five closed loops with good consistency. The result of the network meta-analysis indicated that BTA+ 5-FU was more effective than TAC, 5-FU, or PRP alone; TAC+ 5-FU was more effective than TAC, 5-FU, or PRP alone; TAC+ BTA was more effective than TAC, 5-FU, BTA, or PRP alone; Verapamil was more effective than 5-FU and BTA was more effective than 5-FU. All result were found to be statistically significant ( P<0.05). A surface under the cumulative ranking area (SUCRA) map was generated, displaying the efficacy ranking and corresponding SUCRA values for each treatment: BTA+ 5-FU (85.6%)>TAC+ 5-FU (84.8%)>BTA+ TAC (76.7%)>Verapamil (48.9%)>BTA (45.0%)>TAC+ PRP (43.8%)>PRP (32.1%)>TAC (24.7%)>5-FU(8.3%). In terms of recurrence rate, the incidence of recurrence was higher with 5-FU compared to BTA or TAC+ 5-FU, and the incidence of recurrence was higher with TAC compared to TAC+ 5-FU; these differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). A SUCRA map was generated with the ranking and SUCRA value for each treatment as follows: 5-FU (80.4%)>TAC (73.5%)>Verapamil (65.7%)>TAC+ BTA (52.5%)>PRP (34.8%)>BTA+ 5-FU (33.7%)>TAC+ 5-FU (30.2%)>BTA (29.3%). The qualitative analysis revealed a significantly lower incidence of systemic and local adverse reactions following combined drug injection compared to single drug injection. Conclusion:In the treatment of keloids using drug injection, combination therapy utilizing multiple drugs has demonstrated superior efficacy, lower recurrence rates, and fewer adverse reactions in comparison to single-drug therapy. Notably, the utilization of BAT, 5-FU, and TAC in combination may yield the most favorable outcomes.

Telephone follow-up is one of the important ways to follow up patients. High-quality follow-up can benefit both doctors and patients. However, clinical research-related follow-up is often faced with problems such as time-consuming, laborious and poor patient compliance. The authors belong to a team that has been committed to the study of patient-reported outcomes for a long time. The team has carried out long-term follow-up of symptoms, daily function and postoperative complications of more than 1 000 patients after lung cancer surgery, and accumulated certain experience. In this paper, the experience of telephone follow-up was summarized and discussed with relevant literatures from the aspects of clarifying the purpose of clinical research follow-up, understanding the needs of patients in follow-up, and using follow-up skills.

Magnetic anchoring technology provides a new development opportunity for current minimally invasive surgery. The magnetic anchoring abdominal video system based on this technology can effectively improve the operability and minimally invasiveness of single-port laparoscopic surgery. The development history of magnetically anchored abdominal video system was reviewed, and the design features and deficiencies of various types of magnetically anchored video devices were compared and analyzed. The evolution characteristics of the magnetic anchored video system are explained from minimally invasive and intelligent perspectives, and the challenges and opportunities of magnetic anchored video system are summarized and prospected.
Abdomen ; Laparoscopy ; Magnetics ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVE: In the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the subject was designed to develop a new tracheal intubation device based on magnetic navigation technology to improve the success rate of tracheal intubation and reduce the risk of occupational exposure of medical staff. METHODS: The new tracheal intubation device was designed with the uniqueness of the magnetic field environment and magnetic steering of magnetic navigation technology. And preliminary magnetic navigation tracheal intubation experiments were performed on the tracheal intubation simulator. RESULTS: Magnetic navigation tracheal intubation can successfully implement tracheal intubation, and the time required is lower than that of traditional laryngoscopy. CONCLUSIONS The tracheal intubation based on magnetic navigation technology is feasible, with high efficiency and easy operation. That is expected to be widely used for tracheal intubation during treatment of patients outside the hospital in the future. At the same time, magnetic navigation endotracheal intubation technology will be the key technology for the development of endotracheal intubation robots.
COVID-19/therapy* ; Equipment Design ; Feasibility Studies ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Magnetic Phenomena ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Technology

Objective:To review experience on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pancreatic injury.Methods:There were 65 patients with pancreatic injuries who were managed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between January 1995 and December 2017. After excluding 6 patients with inadequate data and 4 patients with other associated injuries, the remaining 55 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. All data, including the type of abdominal trauma, general information of patients, clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis, treatment, operation and complication were collected and analysed. Analyze the cause, degree of injury, treatment measures, treatment results and complications of patients with pancreatic injury.Results:The most common cause of pancreatic injury was traffic accidents (23 patients, 41.8%), with a correct preoperative diagnostic rate of 61.8% for pancreatic injury. Compute tomography (CT) had a significantly higher sensitivity than sonography (80% vs. 37.5%, P<0.05). The number of patients with grade I-V pancreatic injury were 7, 19, 24, 1 and 4, respectively. Sixteen patients were successfully managed by conservative treatment, and 39 patients underwent various surgeries depending on the injury grade. Significantly more patients having severe grades (III-V) underwent surgical treatment than those having mild grades (I-II) (53.8% vs. 86.2%, P<0.05). Two patients died after surgery (mortality rate 5.1%, 2/39). Pancreatic fistula developed in 29 patients (74.4%), intra-abdominal infection in 10 patients (25.6%) and these were the main surgical complications. Patients having severe grades had a significantly higher pancreatic fistula rate than those having mild grades. Pancreatic pseudocyst was the most common complication on long-term follow-up (8 patients, 14.5%). This complication was significantly higher in patients who were managed with consecutive treatment than with operation (31.2% vs. 7.7%, P<0.05). Conclusions:The preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic injury was difficult, and CT should be the first line investigation. Grade I -II injuries could be managed by conservative treatment, while grade III-V should be treated by operations. The most common short- and long-term complications of pancreatic injury were pancreatic fistula and pancreatic pseudocyst, respectively.

Metabolic disorder is one of the most obvious pathophysiological characteristics of patients with severe burn or trauma, which leads to high mortality of patients with severe burn or trauma. Metabonomics is a newly developed subject which provides new research concepts and ideas for studying the changes of metabolism in a disease condition. Based on the analysis of group indicators, metabonomic technique not only can systematically study the change rules of metabolites, which helps to further clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of burn or trauma, but also is helpful to find some significant biomarkers with important clinical value so as to provide new insight for the therapy of burn or trauma. This paper reviews the research progress of application of metabonomics in the treatment of severe burn or trauma in recent years.