With the development of society and the increasing of medical treatment level,the number of hospitalized patients is also increasing,and the hospital falls has been paid increasing attention to in hospital administrators because of the hospital environmental factors.According to the current situation,the incidence of falls in hospitalized patients with environmental risk factors for falls and intervention strategies were reviewed, and the aim was to provide reference for scientific and effective prevention of falls in hospitalized patients.

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on protection motivation theory on medication compliance and quality of life in elderly patients with Parkinson′s disease.Methods:From August 2017 to August 2018, 60 elderly patients with Parkinson′s disease were selected. The patients were randomly divided into the control group ( n = 30) and the intervention group ( n = 30). In the control group, the routine nursing model was adopted, and the intervention group accepted the nursing intervention based on the protection motivation theory. Two groups of patients were investigated by using medication compliance scale and the 39-item Parkinson′s Disease Questionnaire. Results:Three months after the intervention, 86.67%(26/30) of the patients in the intervention group and 33.33%(10/30) of the patients in the control group had good compliance with the drug, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 17.778, P < 0.05). The total scores of quality of life and scores of physical activity, daily life behavior, mental health, humiliation, social support, cognition, communication and physical discomfort in the intervention group were 26.20±3.12, 4.00±0.76, 4.87±1.19, 2.33±0.72, 1.93±0.17, 2.80±0.86, 4.40±1.12, 2.27±0.80, 3.27±1.10, the scores in the control group were 39.20±2.88, 7.40±1.12, 7.13±0.83, 3.80±0.68, 2.87±0.64, 4.27±0.96, 5.20±0.68, 3.73±0.70, 5.07±0.80, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t value was -2.366-11.849, P <0.05). Conclusion:Nursing intervention based on the protection motivation theory can improve the compliance of elderly patients with Parkinson's disease and their quality of life.

Objective: To explore the effect of nutritional support based on clinical nursing pathway on nutritional status and quality of life among elderly inpatients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: A total of 101 elderly inpatients with AD who met the criteria of the protocol were consecutively enrolled and randomly divided to study group receiving nutritional support based on clinical nursing pathway for two months (n=51) and control group receiving routine nutritional management for 2 months (n=50). Nutritional risk and quality of life were measured by nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) and Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QOL-AD) respectively before and after nutritional support. Results: Baseline data were comparable between the two groups (all P>0.05). After 2-month nutritional support, compared to the control, the incidence of nutritional risk (36.0% vs 17.6%, P=0.037) and undernutrition (26.0% vs 9.8%, P=0.033) decreased significantly in study group. The score of quality of life in study group were significant higher than that of control group (35.73±5.85 vs 30.76±6.14, P=0.023). Conclusion The nutritional support based on clinical nursing pathway is helpful to improve the nutritional status and quality of life in elderly hospitalized patients with AD.

Objective To observe the effects of tocilizumab on the efficacy, immunoglobulin and helper T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods 90 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 45 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with infliximab and methotrexate. The patients in the observation group were treated with tocilizumab and methotrexate. The patients in the two groups were both treated for 6 months. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared after treatment. Before and after treatment, the serum levels of immunoglobulin, Th-1 and Treg of patients in two groups were measured. Results The results showed that after treatment, the situation of morning stiffness, joint pressure pain and joint swelling of the patients in the two groups were improved, and the improvement of morning stiffness, joint pressure pain and joint swelling in the observation group was greater (P<0.05). The levels of IgG and Th1 cells in the serum of patients in the two groups significantly decreased, and the levels of IgG and Th1 cells in the serum of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The serum level of Treg cells in the serum of patients in the two groups increased significantly, and the level of Treg in the serum of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Topazumab could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and improve the immune dysfunction of the patients with better clinical efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of family-centered educational intervention on fall prevention knowledge and attitude,compliance and fall incidence of elderly inpatients. Methods A total of 300 elderly inpatients were selected in a first-class grade A hospital in Beijing and divided into the experiment group and the control group equally.The intervention group was given family-centered educational intervention for 6 months,while the control group was given conventional treatment and care in ward.The knowledge and attitude,compliance and the incidence of falls of elderly inpatients were evaluated at discharge and 3 months,6 months after discharge. Results The knowledge and attitude, compliance of elderly inpatients in the intervention group were significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05).The incidence of falls in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group at discharge and 3 months,6 months after discharge (P<0.05). Conclusions The family-centered educational intervention can enhance the fall prevention knowledge, attitude and compliance of elderly inpatients effectively and reduce the incidence rate of falls.The long-term effect is relatively obvious.

The current states of the life quality of caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury is reviewed and the influence factors are analyzed .The intervention measures have been put forward , so as to provide useful reference for improving the life quality of caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury .

Objective To explore the effect of ACMMM management model in preventing the elderly inpatients from falling.Methods Patients hospitalized in geriatric ward in a certain comprehensive third-level grade-A hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected as objects, with those hospitalized from January to December 2014 as control group, and others as intervention group. ACMMM falling prevention management model was carried out from January 2015, including falling risk assessment at admission of the patients, strengthening communication between medical workers and patients and their relatives, monitoring safety risk of the patients, improving patients′condition, improving environment and maintaining facilities in the ward. Incidence rates of falling were compared between the two groups.Results Incidence rate of falling in the intervention group was 0.45% (6/1 316), which was significantly lower than that of the control group 1.99%( 24/1 204 ) (χ2 = 12. 634, P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions The implementation of ACMMM falling prevention management model can drop the incidence rate of falling, promote continuous improvement of nursing quality and reduce incidence of medical disputes.

Objective To explore the application and effect of the PISETI fall management model in preventing the fall of geriatric patients.Methods Geriatric inpatients from a tertiary general hospital were selected in this study,with 1063 patients hospitalized between July 2014 and July 2015 as a control group and 1197 patients hospitalized from August 2015 to August 2016 as a treatment group. The patients in the treatment group were treated with the PISETI fall management model,including training about fall-related knowledge, evaluation of fall in inpatients,sharing of patients' information,use of warning signs,teamwork as well as education and coordination with patients' family members. The incidence of fall were then compared between the patients in the two groups.Results The incidence of fall of the patients in the treatment group was 0.58%, while that of the patients in the control group was 2.63% (χ2 =15.51,P<0.05).Conclusions The PISETI fall management,when applied to geriatric patients,can effectively improve patients' safety,reduce their incidence of fall,promote nursing quality and diminish medical disputes.

Objective To explore the effect of nurse-led intensive nutritional intervention on nutritional risk,undernutrition and quality of life in hospitalized Alzheimer disease (AD) patients.Methods A total of 170 hospitalized AD patients who met the criteria of the protocol were enrolled and divided randomly into two groups as study group (n=86) and control group (n=84).The two groups received nurse-led intensive nutritional intervention and routine nutritional management respectively for six weeks.Nutritional risk,undernutrition and quality of life were measured by nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) and quality of life-Alzheimer disease scale before and after the nutritional intervention.Results There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups.The suitable rate of NRS 2002 was 100％.After a 6-week intervention,the prevalence of nutritional risk (41.9％ vs.70.9％,P＜0.001) and undernutrition (17.4％ vs.30.2％,P =0.049) decreased significantly in study group.The prevalence of nutritional risk was significantly lower in study group than in control group (41.9％ vs.64.3％,P=0.003).The score of quality of life in study group significantly increased (34.12±5.91 vs.31.56±6.80,P=0.028) after the intervention,and was significantly higher than that of the control group (34.12±5.91 vs.31.63± 6.22,P=0.030).Conclusion The application of nurse-led intensive nutritional intervention can help to improve the nutritional status and quality of life in hospitalized AD patients.

Objective To investigate the correlation between nutritional status in elderly patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and self-efficacy of their caregivers.Methods Ninety-two elderly patients with AD and 92 their caregivers were enrolled from a Peking Union Medical College in Beijing from March to October 2017,who were evaluated by the mini nutritional assessment short form (MNA-SF) and the general self-efficacy scale (GSES) respectively for the nutritional status of the AD patients and the self-efficacy of their caregivers,and the correlation between them was analyzed.Results The average MNA-SF score of the AD patients was 7.8± 2.5.The incidence of malnutrition risk and malnutrition were 34.8％ and 27.2％ respectively.The MNA-SF score of the AD patients decreased (F =4.589,P =0.009),and the incidence of malnutrition risk (x2 =7.319,P =0.026) and malnutrition (x2 =7.080,P =0.032) increased significantly with the aggravation of AD.The average self-efficacy score of the caregivers was 2.20±0.45.With the aggravation of AD,the GSES score of the caregivers decreased significantly (F=3.122,P=0.016).There was a positive correlation between the nutritional status of the AD patients and the self-efficacy of their caregivers (r =0.254,P =0.022).Conclusion The nutritional status in elderly patients with AD is positively correlated with the self-efficacy of their caregivers,that is,the higher GSES score of the caregiver is,the better nutritional status of the AD patient has.