Objective To evaluate the interference of occult blood in urine (urinary hemoglobin) and to determine the protein in urine by benzethonium chloride .Methods By reference to EP7‐A2 of CLSI ,urine containing different concentrations of hemoglobin were preparated to produce the dose‐effect curve,while 50 cases of clinical urine with varying degrees of occult blood were col‐lected for clinical sample bias test.Urinary protein was quantified by benzyl chloride in DPP roche comparing with sulfosalicylic acid method .Results When the urinary hemoglobin was 0 .2 g/L or higher ,the determined result of urinary protein of urinary pro‐tein would be significantly interfered by benzethonium chloride method .The clinical sample bias testshowed that clinical urine with different degrees of occult blood caused positive interference to the determination of protein by benzethonium chloride .Conclu‐sion Urine samples with occult blood and /or containing red blood cells should be emphasized and evaluate the accuracy when the urinary protein is quantified by benzyl chloride .If necessary ,it should be confirmed by sulfosalicylic acid .

In recent years the pressure on the employment of college graduates has been increasing,therefore it is necessary to get some knowledge of employment situation.In order to know the employment situation of the medical college graduates,we made a survey on our 2008 batch medical graduates of China Three Gorges University,and also made further analysis and re-flections according to the survey results.We hope our reflections can provide some supports and assistances to the medical graduates in certain aspects.

Objective To perform a nationwide external quality assessment for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, and to improve the performance of laboratories in the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. Methods Totally, 419 quality control samples were sent to tested laboratories, including 76 samples in 2007, 168 samples in 2008 and 175 samples in 2009. The laboratories were required to test the samples and report test results, within stipulated time, to the reference laboratory in National Center for Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The reported results were statistically analyzed by the National Center for STD Control, who finally fed back the statistical results to all of the participants. Results The percentage increased from 84.93% in 2007 to 92.14% in 2009 for laboratories showing an 80% or more consistency with the reference laboratory in the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis from quality control samples (qualified), from 47.95% in 2007 to 70% in 2009 for those showing a 100% consistency (excellent), and dereased from 5.48% in 2007 to 0.71% in 2009 for those showing a consistency of lower than 60% (unqualified). The centralabs of provincial CDC and volunteer laboratories exhibited a satisfactory performance for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, while the performance of a small number of national STD surveillance sites needed to be increase. Conclusion The external quality assessment reveals a continuous improvement in the capability of detecting Chlamydia trachomatis in STD laboratories at different levels in China.

Objectives To investigate the imaging ability of magnetic sensitive weighted imaging (SWI) scans with 2.0 mm and 1.0 mm slice thickness on intracerebral veins and branches.Methods 47 healthy volunteers were recruited,including 20 males and 27 females,aged 21-45 (30.1 ± 12.93).Two SWI sequences with thickness of 2.0 mm and 1.0 mm were performed in all healthy volunteers.After reconstructed by minimal intensity projection (MIP),the display rate and diameter of intracerebral veins and branches were counted by two doctors.McNemar test and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results (1) The display rates of bilateral internal cerebral veins,papular veins and left ventricular veins were 100％ in both scanning schemes,while the display rates of left and right septal veins,anterior caudate nucleus veins and right ventricular veins on SWI sequence images with 2.0 mm thickness were 90.0％ (left),91.0％ (right) and 87.2％ (right),91.5％,respectively.The display rates on SWI sequence images with 1.0 mm thickness were 97.9％ (left),94.0％ (right),97.9％ (left),95.7％ (right) and 95.7％ respectively.(2) There were significant differences in the diameter of bilateral septum pellucidum veins and bilateral anterior caudate nucleus veins between the two scanning schemes (P ＜ 0.05).While there was no significant difference in the diameter of bilateral internal cerebral veins,bilateral papular veins and bilateral intraventricular veins (P ＞0.05).(3) The displaying rate of veins with diameter ＞0.9 mm was 100％ for both scanning schemes,while the displaying rate of veins with diameter ranging from 0.6-0.9 mm (including 0.6 mm and 0.9 mm) in the two scanning schemes had significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions SWI sequence can clearly show the anatomical shape of intracerebral veins and branches.In contrast to SWI of the scan slices thickness of 2.0 mm,the SWI of scan slices thickness of 1.0 mm showed more efficiency in display thinner brain venous.Therefore,using SWI sequence scanning scheme with 1.0 mm slice thickness will be more conducive to observe and study intracerebral veins and branches.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of salt and health among primary school students in Jinan, and to provide scientific evidence for targeted interventions. Methods: 1 293 primary school students of grade 4 in Jinan were randomly selected by cluster sampling method, and a self-designed questionnire on "salt and health" was applied among them. Results: Among grade 4 students in Jinan, 35.73% were aware the diagnostic criteria of hypertension in adults, 67.67% were aware that eating less salt help lowering blood pressure. The proportion of students who knew the recommended daily intake of salt for adults, children aged 1-6 years and for children aged 7-13 years was 55.68%, 53.21% and 50.62%, respectively. The proportion of students who favor lower intake of salt(70.84%), actively choose low-salt food(65.89%), received publicity or education on low-salt diet(72.85%), pay attention to the salt/sodium content when purchasing packaged food(73.01%), believe that packaged food should be labelled with salt/sodium content(84.45%), and heard of low-sodium salt (alternative salt)(57.77%).The boys and girls were found no statistical significance in the differences of their attitude toward controlling salt, skills and behaviors(P<0.05),with 68.05% of boys and 73.91% of girls agreed, 13.76% of boys and 9.24% of girls reported no attention paid. There was no significant difference in other salt control attitudes, skills and behaviors between boys and girls(P>0.05). Conclusion A series of interventions taken by Shandong Ministry of Health Action on Salt Reduction and Hypertension (SMASH) within schools show positive effects. However, gaps in salt taste and salt intake among primary school students still exist, suggesting health education should be further strengthened in respect of daily salt intake recommendation, salt intake attitude and behaviors, especially for boys.

Phage therapy is one of the most important tools for the treatment of infections with multi-drug resistant bacteria. Such phages are usually isolated from hospital effluents, however, no systematic study on the distribution of phages in hospital effluents has been conducted so far. The aim of this study was to isolate the corresponding phages of common pathogenic bacteria isolated in the clinic as hosts, so as to assess the ecological distribution of phages in hospital wastewater and to provide a reference for the isolation and application of phages of drug-resistant bacteria in the clinic. A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. The 125 pathogenic bacteria (belonging to 16 different strains) isolated from the clinical microbiology laboratory of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from May to June 2023 were selected as the target strains, and the phages corresponding to these strains were isolated and purified from the hospital wastewater by using the double-layer plate sandwich method. At the same time, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the same batch of wastewater was analyzed with the help of mNGS sequencing technology, so as to preliminarily investigate the abundance correspondence between pathogenic bacteria and phages in wastewater. The results showed that a total of 56 phage strains were isolated from 125 clinical pathogens as hosts, corresponding to six pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. All six pathogenic bacteria contained strains with different degrees of drug resistance, with a higher percentage of multi-drug resistant strains in A. baumannii, Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. The phage acquisition rates of these six pathogens were, in descending order, Escherichia coli (80%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (75%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (70%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (66.67%), Acinetobacter baumannii (36.36%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12.5%). Preliminary mNGS sequencing results showed that the pathogenic bacteria with higher abundance in the batch of effluent were Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella michiganensis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, phages of most common clinical Gram-negative pathogens were isolated from hospital wastewater with high isolation rates; however, phages of Gram-positive pathogens were isolated at lower rates, and only phages corresponding to Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in this study. The corresponding mNGS sequencing results showed that the distribution of Gram-negative pathogens in sewage may had a positive correlation with the ecological distribution of phages.

Phage therapy is one of the most important tools for the treatment of infections with multi-drug resistant bacteria. Such phages are usually isolated from hospital effluents, however, no systematic study on the distribution of phages in hospital effluents has been conducted so far. The aim of this study was to isolate the corresponding phages of common pathogenic bacteria isolated in the clinic as hosts, so as to assess the ecological distribution of phages in hospital wastewater and to provide a reference for the isolation and application of phages of drug-resistant bacteria in the clinic. A cross-sectional study design was used in this study. The 125 pathogenic bacteria (belonging to 16 different strains) isolated from the clinical microbiology laboratory of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from May to June 2023 were selected as the target strains, and the phages corresponding to these strains were isolated and purified from the hospital wastewater by using the double-layer plate sandwich method. At the same time, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the same batch of wastewater was analyzed with the help of mNGS sequencing technology, so as to preliminarily investigate the abundance correspondence between pathogenic bacteria and phages in wastewater. The results showed that a total of 56 phage strains were isolated from 125 clinical pathogens as hosts, corresponding to six pathogens, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. All six pathogenic bacteria contained strains with different degrees of drug resistance, with a higher percentage of multi-drug resistant strains in A. baumannii, Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. The phage acquisition rates of these six pathogens were, in descending order, Escherichia coli (80%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (75%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (70%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (66.67%), Acinetobacter baumannii (36.36%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12.5%). Preliminary mNGS sequencing results showed that the pathogenic bacteria with higher abundance in the batch of effluent were Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella michiganensis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, phages of most common clinical Gram-negative pathogens were isolated from hospital wastewater with high isolation rates; however, phages of Gram-positive pathogens were isolated at lower rates, and only phages corresponding to Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in this study. The corresponding mNGS sequencing results showed that the distribution of Gram-negative pathogens in sewage may had a positive correlation with the ecological distribution of phages.

Nuclear envelope voltages of T cells were analyzed with a lumped circuitry for cells in combination with frequency domain power density of Gaussian pulses and monocycle pulses. According to the differences in geometric and electric parameters between normal and malignant T cells, circuitry analysis was performed. Theoretical evaluations indicated that apoptosis of malignant T cells was of feasibility, which could be applied in cancer therapy. The evaluations were in accord with the published experimental findings.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Electric Stimulation ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Electrophysiology ; Fourier Analysis ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Nuclear Envelope ; pathology ; radiation effects ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of Shenxiang suhe pill in the adjuvant treatment of triple vessel lesion of coronary artery. METHODS From February 2019 to February 2021，146 patients with unstable angina pectoris and triple vessel lesion of coronary artery （chest discomfort of hanning xinmai type ）admitted to Harrison International Peace Hospital were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table ，with 73 cases in each group. Control group was given Isosorbide dinitrate tablets+Aspirin enteric-coated tablets+Clopidogrel bisulfate tablets+Atorvastatin calcium tablets+ Bisoprolol fumarate tablets for western medicine treatment. Observation group was additionally given Shenxiang suhe pill 0.7 g/time orally after meal ，twice a day ，on the basis of control group. After 2 courses of treatment （3 weeks as a course of treatment ，with an interval of 1 week for each course of treatment ），curative effect and symptoms of angina pectoris [frequency and duration of angina pectoris ，walking distance of 6-min walking test （6MWT）]，TCM syndrome score ，cardiac markers [neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio （NLR）and the contents of endothelin-1（ET-1），nitric oxide （NO），soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 （sST2），angiotensin Ⅱ（Ang-Ⅱ）] and quality of life [Seattle angina questionnaire （SAQ），36-item short form health survey （SF-36）] before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Adverse drug reactions （ADR）during treatment and major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE）during follow-up were recorded. RESULTS The total response rate of the observation group was 86.30％，significantly higher than 71.23％ of the control group （P＜0.05）. Before treatment ，there was no statistical difference in the above indexes between 2 groups（P＞0.05）. After treatment ，the frequency and duration of angina pectoris ，TCM syndrome score ，NLR and the contents of sST 2，ET-1 and Ang- Ⅱ in the two groups decreased or shortened significantly ，while the walking distance of 6MWT，NO content ，scores of each dimension in SAQ and SF- 36 increased significantly ；and the above indexes in observation group were significantly better than those in control group （P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the inciden ce of ADR between the two groups （P＞0.05）； however，the incidence of MACE in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS In the treatment of adjuvant treatment of triple vessel lesion of coronary artery ，Shenxiang suhe pill can improve the symptoms of angina pectoris and vascular endothelial function ，reduce the incidence of MACE ，improve the quality of life ，and has good safety.

Objective: To describe the current reporting of pneumonia of unknown etiology (PUE) and factors that affect reporting by clinicians in China using the PUE surveillance system in order to provide a reference for improving PUE reporting rates in the future. Methods: Clinicians were recruited via the Sojump platform and requested to complete an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors influencing clinicians' reporting activities. Results: This study showed a low PUE case reporting rate and a poor understanding of PUE reporting among the investigated clinicians. Of the 136 clinicians who had diagnosed PUE cases, multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that clinicians who had attended in-hospital training were more likely to report PUE than those who had not (OR 4.48, 95% CI 1.49-13.46). Clinicians with an expert panel on PUE in their hospital were more likely to report PUE cases than those without (OR 5.46, 95% CI 1.85-16.11). Conclusions: There is a need to promote and reinforce PUE surveillance system training among medical staff. In addition, PUE testing technologies in hospital laboratories should be upgraded, especially in primary and unclassified hospitals, to increase surveillance efficiency and improve PUE reporting rates.