Cognitive impairment （CI） is a clinical syndrome characterized by progressive decline in advanced cognitive functions such as memory， thinking， and judgment. Its etiology and pathogenesis are complex， and there is currently a lack of specific drug interventions. Metformin， as a first-line hypoglycemic drug for type 2 diabetes， not only lowers blood glucose levels but also improves CI. This article reviews and summarizes the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of metformin in improving Alzheimer’s disease， diabetes cognitive impairment， cognitive impairment after chemotherapy， in order to provide novel insights and approaches for the treatment of CI-related diseases. Studies have shown that the mechanism by which MET intervenes in CI mainly includes regulating β-amyloid protein and tau protein metabolism， reducing insulin resistance， inhibiting neuroinflammation， improving synaptic plasticity， improving mitochondrial dysfunction， regulating gut microbiota and lipid metabolism， etc. Future research needs to be conducted through interdisciplinary collaboration， fully integrating multiple omics data， and combining advanced technologies to further reveal their mechanisms of effect.

Cognitive impairment is a major public health challenge facing global aging societies， and currently lacks effective treatment measures. Herb pair， characterized by their rigorous compatibility and synergistic effects， demonstrate unique advantages in clinical practice. Acorus tatarinowii-Polygala tenuifolia is a classic herbal pair for treating cognitive impairment， widely utilized in various traditional Chinese medicine formulations， such as Kaixin san， Shenghui tang， and Yuanzhi san. This article summarizes the pharmacological mechanisms of A. tatarinowii， P. tenuifolia and their compatible compound prescriptions in ameliorating cognitive impairment. It is found that they can exert effects in ameliorating cognitive impairment through mechanisms such as reducing amyloid β-protein deposition and inhibiting excessive phosphorylation of Tau protein， suppressing inflammatory responses， alleviating oxidative stress， protecting neurons and regulating neurotransmitters， modulating the structure and function of the blood- brain barrier， and regulating autophagy. Subsequently， in-depth analysis can be conducted on the active ingredients of A. tatarinowii- P. tenuifolia herb pair that ameliorate cognitive impairment， along with the addition of relevant clinical trials for verification. This will provide theoretical foundations and research approaches for the treatment of cognitive impairment using traditional Chinese medicine.

Cardio-oncology is an emerging cross-discipline， which has received extensive attention and rapid development at home and abroad in recent years， while the construction of related disciplines in the field of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is still in its initial stage. By sorting out the construction of oncology and cardiology related disciplines at home and abroad at this stage， and clarifying the significance and main research contents of the discipline， it is proposed that the construction of TCM related disciplines should be oriented to the four main aspects， including clinical practice， scientific research， talent training and promotion of cultural characteristics. Therefore， actively carrying out multidisciplinary crossing， cultivating related professional talent team， and forming TCM diagnosis and treatment guidelines or consensus to support clinical practice is the essential foundation for the construction of TCM cardio-oncology discipline. Meanwhile， fully exploring the characteristics and advantages of TCM is the key to the construction process of the discipline， such as writing and summarising and analysing relevant high-quality clinical case reports of TCM for evidence-based optimisation， as well as widely applying the concept of "treating disease before it arises" of TCM characteristics to the clinical prevention and treatment of the relevant diseases and scientific research， etc.， so as to comprehensively guarantee the development of the discipline of TCM cardio-oncology.

Talents are the main force for the development of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）， and the construction of TCM talents and the reformation of talent evaluation system are essential to promote the inheritance and innovation of TCM. At present， we are still exploring and developing in the fields of the formulation， implementation and evaluation indicators of TCM talent evaluation system. However， there are shortcomings and difficulties. For instance， insufficient stratification in the evaluation， excessive emphasis on the quantity of achievements， neglecting the quality of the achievements and the actual contribution， imperfect assessment indicators， and the weak characteristics of TCM. Therefore， national ministries and commissions have jointly issued a document requesting to break the four only and set a new standard， in order to promote the construction of a scientific and technological talent evaluation system oriented by innovation value， ability and contribution. For the evaluation of TCM clinical talents， China Association for Science and Technology commissioned China Association of Chinese Medicine to build the China Clinical Cases Library of TCM（CCCL-TCM）， which aims at collecting the most authoritative and representative TCM clinical cases and exploring the advantages of applying clinical cases as masterpiece of achievement in TCM clinical talents evaluation. CCCL-TCM can promote the construction of a talent evaluation system that is more in line with the development characteristics of TCM industry， and to carry out relevant pilot in TCM colleges and institutions across the country in order to promote the reformation of TCM talent evaluation system.

Emphasizing symptom efficacy is an important manifestation of the personalized diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. However， in current clinical practice of TCM， there are challenges such as diverse symptom expressions， difficulty in standardization， inconsistent evaluation standards for symptom efficacy， lack of universal quantitative methods， and complexity in collecting complete and accurate symptom information. These issues hinder the full and effective utilization of symptom information. Addressing the current research status and existing problems of symptom terminology standardization， quantification and grading of symptom efficacy， and collection of symptom information， this paper proposes methodological strategies for effectively recording and utilizing TCM symptom efficacy information in the era of big data. These strategies include collecting TCM symptom information based on patient reporting， standardizing the evaluation of TCM symptom efficacy from measurement scales and evaluation dimensions， integrating TCM symptom efficacy evaluation into clinical diagnosis and treatment processes， and utilizing artificial intelligence technology to acquire and process TCM symptom efficacy information. TCM symptom efficacy evaluation strategies based on patient perspectives and artificial intelligence technology will help fully explore the value of data elements， promote the objective demonstration of the specific efficacy of TCM， and facilitate the discovery of effective patterns.

In the era of evidence-based medicine, it is necessary to explore the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based on standardized technical methods and operating procedures in order to achieve the modernization and internationalization of TCM and benefit all humanity. The proposal of a three-pronged evidence system combining TCM theory, human experience and experimental evidence marks an important progress in the thinking method of the TCM evaluation system. The multi-evidence body integrated through appropriate methods provides a strong support for the clinical guideline recommendations and evidence-based health decision-making in TCM. Based on the current methodological progress of international evidence synthesis and grading, this paper proposes a novel approach for integrating multi-evidence in TCM: the MERGE framework. The aim is to establish a solid foundation for the development of this methodology and provide guidance for the advancement of evidence-based medicine framework in TCM.

In recent years， NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome in tumors has become a research hotspot， especially in melanoma， colorectal cancer， lung cancer， and breast cancer， and more and more evidence has shown that inflammation plays a role in the development， progression， angiogenesis， and invasion of cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is the most common type of primary liver cancer， and there are still controversies over the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the development and progression of HCC. Therefore， this article reviews the potential impact of NLRP3 inflammasome in the progression of HCC and its mechanism of action in anticancer therapy， and it is believed that NLRP3 inflammasome can be used as an effective therapeutic target for HCC patients.

Mitochondria-associated membranes(MAMs)are a subcellular compartment involved in the communication and material exchange between the mitochondrial outer membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane.MAMs perform various biological processes in cells under different conditions.MAM-dysfunction-mediated calcium homeostasis imbalance,endoplasmic reticulum stress,mitophagy defects,mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics imbalance,lipid metabolism disorders,and inflammatory responses are key pathogenic factors in Alzheimer's disease(AD).This article reviews the structure and function of MAMs,their involvement in AD pathology,and drug intervention targets,and discusses the role of MAMs in the pathogenesis of AD and the latest research into their mechanisms,to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AD.

The automation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)pharmaceuticals has driven the development of process analysis from offline to online.Most of common online process analytical technologies are based on spectroscopy,making the identification and quantification of specific ingredients still a challenge.Herein,we developed a quality control(QC)system for monitoring TCM pharmaceuticals based on paper spray ionization miniature mass spectrometry(mini-MS).It enabled real-time online qualitative and quantitative detection of target ingredients in herbal extracts using mini-MS without chromatographic separation for the first time.Dynamic changes of alkaloids in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Fuzi)during decoction were used as examples,and the scientific principle of Fuzi compatibility was also investigated.Finally,the system was verified to work stably at the hourly level for pilot-scale extraction.This mini-MS based online analytical system is expected to be further developed for QC applications in a wider range of pharmaceutical processes.

OBJE CTIVE To provide reference for the adjustment and optimization of the policies related to traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）injection in China. METHODS The policies related to TCM injections issued at the national level were collected from Jan. 1，1990 to May 31，2021. Based on the perspective of policy tool ，the content analysis and quantitative analysis were used to classify ，code and analyze the policy terms according to “policy serial number-chapter number-specific terms ”. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Totally 30 policy documents related to TCM injection were included ， with a total of 389 codes. Environment-based policy tools were the most widely used （79.95％），followed by supply-oriented policy tools ，accounting for 15.42％. Demand-based policy tools accounted for the least proportion （4.63％）. Among environment-based policy tools ，the regulatory and control policy tools （38.05％） received more attention，and the policy publicity （2.06％） received fewer applications. Among supply-oriented policy tools ，there were more applications of science and technology support （10.80％）， and fewer applications of capital investment （0.26％）. Among demand- based policy tools ，organizational coordination was the most widely used （3.34％），followed by experience demonstration （1.29％），which had not yet involved the relevant policies of international exchange. In order to promote the development of TCM injection ，it is necessary to appropriately reduce the application of environment-based policy tools ，increase the application of policies such as policy publicity ，and improve the external environment for TCM injection ；optimize the internal combination of supply-oriented policy tools ，increase the use of capital investment tools ，and effectively play the role of policy boosting；emphasize the application of demand-based policy XJY21013） tools to form an effective policy pulling force for the healthy development of TCM injection.