Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of orthodontic treatment for displacement of anterior tooth caused by periodontal disease. Methods Forty-seven patients with displacement of anterior tooth caused by periodontal disease were divided into study group (26 cases) and control group (21 cases)according to the therapy method, the study group received periodontal basic treatment combined with orthodontic treatment, while the control group only received periodontal basic treatment, the changes of periodontal pocket depth, bleeding index, anterior coverage, overbite, alveolar bone height in two groups before and after treatment were observed and compared. Results The periodontal pocket depth, bleeding index, anterior coverage and overbite of study group after treatment were (3.12±0.53) mm, (27.30±4.25)%, (2.53 ± 0.76) mm and (2.18 ± 0.53 ) mm respectively and which were significantly lower than those before treatment [(5.35 ± 0.68 ) mm, (97.60±7.53 )%, (6.22±1.43 ) mm, (4.53±2.25)mm], the difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.05 ), and the decrease extent was more obvious than the control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05); the above indicators in control group after treatment also dropped, but compared with those before treatment there was no significant difference (P ＞0.05); the alveolar bone height in both groups had no obvious change before and after treatment.Conclusion Periodontal basic treatment combined with orthodontic treatment can correct the malposed anterior teeth, improve the periodontal conditions, it has good application prospects.

Leptin may indirectly suppress bone formation via a central nervous relay and may stimulate bone formation via direct peripheral effect. Leptin' s antiosteogenic function is mediated through the sympathetic nervous system and does not involve pathways with melanocortin and cocaime-amphetamine-regu-lated transcript, which are critical for leptin' s anorexigenic action. Leptin' s actions to modulate bone formation through sympathetic nervous system could suggest new therapeutic approaches for diseases such as osteoporosis. The progress of the relationship between leptin and sympathetic nervous system and bone formation is reviewed.

Objective To investigate the application of three dimensional blood vessel angiography(3D-CTA) in the patients of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhge diagonised as aneurysm.Methods 3D-CTA were examined in 32 cases of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage.Results In 32 patients of spontaneous subarachnoid thirty patients were diagnosed as aneurysm.Two cases were not diagnosed.Conclusion 3D-CTA may be the first examination method in spontaneous subarchnoid hemorrhage.

Inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels exhibit an asymmetrical conductance at hyperpolarization (high conductance) compared to depolarization (low conductance). The KCNJ10 gene which encodes an inwardly rectifying K+ channel Kir4.1 subunit plays an essential role in the inner ear and hearing. Mutations or deficiency of KCNJ10 can cause hearing loss with epilepsy, ataxia, sensorineural deafness, and renal tubulopathy (EAST) or SeSAME (seizures, sensorineural deafness, ataxia, mental retardation, and electrolyte imbalance) syndromes. In this review, we mainly focus on the expression and function of Kir4.1 channels in the inner ear and mutation-induced EAST/SeSAME syndromes to provide insight for understanding the pathogenesis of deafness induced by KCNJ10 deficiency.
Deafness ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ear, Inner ; metabolism ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying ; genetics ; metabolism ; Seizures ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective The prestin,a motor protein responsible for outer hair cell(OHC)electromotility,is expressed on the OHC surface.Previous experiments revealed that OHC electromotility and its associated nonlinear capacitance was mainly located at the OHC lateral wall and was absent at the apical cuticular plate and the basal nucleus pole.Immunofluorescent staining for prestin failed to demonstrate the prestin expression at the OHC basal ends in whole-mount preparation of the organ of Corti.The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of prestin at OHC.Methods In this experiment,the localization of prestin protein in single dissociated OHCs from cochlea of normal mouse,rat and guinea pig,were examined by immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy.Results We found that prestin was uniformly expressed on the OHC basolateral surface,including its basal pole.No staining was observed on the cuticular plate and stereocilia.The OHC lateral wall had a trilaminate organization and was composed of the plasma membrane,cortical lattice,and subsurface cisternae.By with co-staining with a membrane marker di-8-ANEPPS,prestin-labeling was found locating at the outer layer of the OHC lateral wall.Further separating the plasma membrane from the underlying subsurface cisternae,using a hypotonic extracellular solution,prestin-labeling was shown locating at the plasma membrane instead of the subsurface cisternae.Conclusion The data revealed that prestin is expressed in the plasma membrane on the whole OHC basolateral surface.

Objective To observe the electroretinogram (ERG) photopic negative response (PhNR) of idiopathic macular hole (IMH) in stage 2 by vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane peeling (ILMP).Methods Twenty-three stage 2 IMH patients (23 eyes) were enrolled in this prospective study.All patients received the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),optical coherence tomography and flash-ERG examinations.The patients were randomly divided into group A (11 eyes,vitrectomy) and B (12 eyes,vitrectomy with ILMP).There was no significant difference in BCVA (t=0.96,P=0.350),diameter of macular hole (MH) (t=3.21,P=0.580) and the PhNR amplitude (t=0.98,P=0.353) in group A and B.All patients underwent 25G vitrectomy,ILMP was carried out in group B.The follow-up time was 3 to 6 months,with the mean follow-up time of 4.3 months.BCVA,MH closure rate and PhNR amplitude in group A and B were analyzed before and after surgery.Results Three months after surgery,10 eyes (90.9％) gained MH closure but 1 eye (9.1％) failed in group A.In group B,12 eyes (100.0％) gained MH closure.There was no significant difference in MH closure rate between the two groups (P=0.462).The mean BCVA of group A and B was 0.69 ± 0.24 and 0.65 ± 0.22,there was no significant difference between the two groups (t=0.49,P=0.722).The amplitude of PhNR in group A was (36.647.4) μtV,which was lower than the pre-surgery PhNR,but the difference was not significant (t=0.73,P=0.472).The amplitude of PhNR in group B was (27.1 ± 12.4) μV,which was lower than that the presurgery PhNR,and the difference was significant (t =3.56,P =0.002).The difference of PhNR amplitude in group A and B was statistically significant (t=2.17,P=0.042).Conclusion Compared with non-ILMP,vitrectomy combined with ILMP will significantly reduce the PhNR amplitude ofIMH in stage 2.

Objective:To assess the relationship between Insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) and TCM syndrome of acute cerebral infarction by measuring IGF-I levels in patients of acute cerebral infarction.Methods:100 patients of acute cerebral infarction with 48 hours after onset were divided into three groups by TCM syndrome.The IGF-I levels in plasma were measured by saturation analysis of radioimmunoassay.Results:The IGF-I levels in plasma was(10.39?1.56)ng/ml in the group of wind-phlegm syndrome and stasis,(12.96?2.27)ng/ml in the group of wind-phlegm syndrome and exuberance of re,(13.54?3.22)ng/ml in the group of stirring of wind due to de ciency of yin.These values showed statistically signi cant di erence between groups.Conclusion:Acute cerebral infarction occured most frequently in the group of wind-phlegm syndrome and stasis,the IGF-I levels showed signi cant decrease in this group.

Objective:To study the effect of 5-FU polylactic acid nanospheres(5-FU-PAN)on the proliferation and apoptosis of the human tongue squamous cell carcinoma Tca83 cells.Methods:Tca83 cells were exposed to 5-FU-PAN or 5-FU at the doses(mmol/L)of 1?10-2,2?10-2 and 4?10-2 for 1,3,5,7,9 and 11 days respectively.The survival rates of the cells were examined by MTT assay,the apoptosis of the cells was observed by acridine orange fluorescent staining and the cell cycle distribution was studied by flow cytometry.Results:Both 5-FU-PAN and 5-FU inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of the cells dose and time dependantly.5-FU-PAN showed stronger effects than 5-FU.The two agents blocked the cells at S phase and 5-FU-PAN was more potential than 5-FU.Conclusions:5-FU-PAN is more effective in the growth inhibition and apoptosis promotion of Tca83 cells.

The authors attempted to sort out the training experience of higher education pedagogy in America , and truthfully recorded the understanding and experience of the higher medical elite education of America during visiting the University of Nebraska Medical Center .Combined with the current situation of high medical education in Chi-na, the formation and the embodiment of medical elite education mode of America has also been concretely ana -lyzed , which was expected to bring new enlightenment and reference for the development of high medical elite edu -cation mode and the medical teaching remodeling .

Objective To explore the significance and important measure of integrative treatment of multiple trauma patients with severe craniocerebral injury in emergency center. Methods One hundred and forty-eight multiple trauma patients with severe craniocerebral injury in emergency center from November 2002 to February 2006 were analysed retrospectively. Result In total 148 cases, 72 were cured and 26 dead, 7 were in status of plant man, 17 experienced severe deformity, and 26 did mild deformity. Conclusion Multiple trauma patients with severe craniocerebral injury usually experience a serious situation and rapid development. Therefore emergency doctors are required for organizing salvage of such patients, at the same time treatment and diagnosis are implemented. Firstly the most important key to successful salvage is appropriate disposal of fatal injury and early elimination of shock. Proper surgical choice, especially at the first time, inspection and protection of visceral functions, and attention to nutritional support are other vital methods to gain more successful salvage. ICU is also emphasized for its essentiality.