Objective To investigate the influence of influenza virus A（H1N1,A/PR/8/34 strain）on alveolar fluid clearance（AFC）in vivo and the effects of β1-adrenergic agonist on AFC in rat lungs infected by H1N1.Methods Fortyfive rats were divided into control group（n =12）,H1N1 infection group（the rats were infected with influenza virus strain A/PR/8/34,n =18）,β1-adrenergic agonist groups（the rats were administrated with β1-adrenergic agonist after HIN1 infection,n =15）.AFC was estimated by the progressive increase in the albumin concentration over 30 minutes.The activity of cAMP and cGMP in the lung tissues of control,H1N1 infection and β1-adrenergic agonist groups was measured.Results The infection with H1N1 resulted in a decline in AFC 9.15±1.01% vs control group 17.25±1.01% and increased lung water content（W/D was 6.77±0.13 vs control group 4.99±0.02）.H1N1-mediated inhibition of AFC could be reversed to 14.41±1.41% by the administration of β1-adrenergic agonist denopamine.H1N1 infection increased cGMP levels 7.34±0.40 pmol·mg-1· mg-1 vs control group 5.10±1.88 pmol·mg-1·mg-1 and decreased cAMP levels 1.43±0.06 nmol·mg-1·mg-1 in lung tissues compared with control group.β1-agonist denopamine reversed the level of cAMP to 2.06±0.16 nmol·mg-1·mg-1 and cGMP to 6.16±1.36 pmol·mg-1·mg-1.Conclusion H1N1 infection decreased AFC and increased lung edema.β1-agonist denopamine could reverse AFC and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP in H1N1 infected lung tissues.β1-agonist might regulate AFC through the pathway of cAMP-PKA.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Shenfu injection (SF) treating cancer-related fatigue (CRF) of the patients with advanced carcinoma.

METHODFrom September 2005 to June 2009, 113 patients with advanced carcinoma who was treated in our department were selected, and were divided into test group and control group. The test group was treated with SF and common method, while the control group only was treated with common method. Three weeks later, CRF, hemoglobin (Hb), immune function, cardiac function and blood viscosity were compared between the two groups. Meanwhile, the correlations between CRF and the other indicators were analyzed.

RESULTThe test group was treated more effectively than the control group in some ways, such as relieving CRF, improving hemoglobin, some immune indicators, and cardiac function, and reducing blood viscosity. Moreover, CRF had negative correlation with Hb and cell-mediated immune, and had positive correlation with cardiac disfunction degree.

CONCLUSIONSF could relieve CRF of the patients with advanced carcinoma effectively by treating anemia and improving cell-mediated immune and cardiac function.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Case-Control Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Fatigue ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology

Objective:To investigate the effect of MT01 on the differentiation of osteoblasts under infected condition through determining the expression level of collagen Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ )mRNA in MG63 cells treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg).Methods:The cultured MG63 cells were divided into blank control,MT01,Pg, and MT01+Pg groups.MT01 at a concentration of 1 mg·L-1 was added into the MG63 cells,and the cells were incubated for 3 h.The cells treated with PBS (1 mg·L-1 )were used as control group.Then Pg (MOI=100∶1) was added.Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of ColⅠ mRNA in MG63 cells at 2,4,6,8, 12 and 24 h after incubation.Results:Compared with blank control group,the levles of ColⅠ mRNA in the MG63 cells in MT01 and MT01 + Pg groups had no significant changes at 2 and 4 h (P > 0.05);the Col Ⅰ mRNA expression levels in MT01 group at 8,12 and 24 h were increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).Compared with Pg group,the expression levels of ColⅠ mRNA in MT01+ Pg at 2 and 4 h were decreased,but the expression levels of ColⅠ mRNA were increased at 6,8,12 and 24 h (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusion:MT01 can up-regulate the expression level of Col Ⅰ mRNA in the infected MG63 cells; MT01 could promot the differentiation of osteoblasts under infected condition.

Objective:To explore the effect of different separation and purification technology on the physical and chemical proper-ties of water extract of ophiopogonin. Methods:The water extraction process of total ophiopogon saponins was optimized by an orthogo-nal test. The macroporous resin adsorption and membrane separation technology were adopted to purify the ophiopogonin water extract. The physical and chemical parameters, such as electrical conductivity, pH value, viscosity and turbidity, and the contents of total sap-onins, proteins, tannins and polysaccharides were determined. Results:The optimum water extraction technology of total saponins was as follows:6-fold amount of water was added, boiling 3 times with 90 min for each time. The electrical conductivity, pH value and vis-cosity of different purified liquid of total saponins had no significant differences, while the contents of total saponins and the three kinds of macromolecules showed significant differences. Conclusion: The content of macromolecules can be used as the reference index of purification process of total saponins water extract. Compared with macroporous resin separation, membrane separation technology is more suitable for the separation and purification of total saponins water extract.

To optimize the water extraction process for glycyrrhiza. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the con-tents of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin. The comprehensive index included the contents of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin and the yield of dry extract. The water amount and the extraction time were selected as the independent variables, and the comprehensive index was set as the dependent variable. Design-expert 8. 06 software was used to fit multivariate linear or quadratic multinomial models for the experimental values. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the water extraction process. The prediction was carried out through comparing the observed and predicted values. Results:The regression coefficient of binomial fitting complex model was as high as 0. 979 7. The optimum conditions of extraction process were as follows:12-fold amount of water, extracting 3 times with 90 min for each time. The deviation between the observed and predicted values was -1. 72%. Conclusion: Central composite design-response surface methodology is convenient and highly predictive in optimizing the water extraction process for glycyrrhiza, which can be applied in the further membrane separation and purification.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between different physical activity pattern and trajectories of anxiety and depression scores in college students, and to provide evidence for exploring the influence of physical activity on the development of anxiety and depression. Methods: A total of 1 265 college students from grade 2017 in a comprehensive university were investigated longitudinally for five times through stratified cluster sampling. Physical Activity Rank Scale-3(PARS-3), Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) were used, and latent class linear mixed models(LCLMM) were used to identify the trajectories of anxiety and depression scores and multinomial Logistic regression models were used for exploring the relationship between small persistent status of physical activity among the five surveys and subgroups of trajectory and anxiety and depression scores. Results: A total of 940(74.3%) college students were indentified as low persistent physical activity group and 325(25.7%) of them were identified as moderatre-to-high persistent physical activity group. The trajectories of anxiety score were classified into three groups:low level group, high level-decreasing group, and high level group. The number and proportion of the three groups were 686(54.2%), 144(11.4%), 435(34.4%), respectively. The trajectories of depression score were classified into four groups:low level group, moderate level-decreasing group, moderate level-increasing group, and high level group. The number and proportion of the five groups were 604(47.8%), 170(13.4%), 177(14.0%), 314(24.8%), respectively. Compared to the students with moderate-to-high persistent physical activity, higher persistent physical activity was associated with higher risk of keeping anxiety score at a high level(OR=1.78), and higher odds of decreasing depression score at moderate level(OR=0.67), as well as with higher risk of increasing depression score from a moderate level(OR=1.79), and increase the risk of keeping depression score at a high level(OR=1.97)(P<0.05). Conclusion Low persistent physical activity of college students could increase the risk of anxiety and depression at a high level. Relevant departments in universities should encourage students to take part in physical activity,with special focus given to individuals with less amount of physical activity and take effective interventional measures to modify the development of anxiety and depression.

[Objective] To investigate the relation among the polymorphism of interleukin-8 (IL-8) gene A-251T and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). [Methods] Polymerase chain reaction and restrietive fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to detect the polymorphism distribution of IL-8 gene A-251T and ApoE gene of 185 people in Han ethnicity of Guangdong province (study group: 88 LOAD patients, eontrolled group: 97 people). The correlation of these genes was analyzed. [Results] (1) The differences of genotypes and alleles of IL-8 gene A-251T between study group and controlled group had no statistical significance. (2) The frequency of ApoE 64 allele in study group was significantly higher than that in controlled group, as risk factor of LOAD (OR=2.272, P=0.003). (3) Study group and controlled group were both divided into two groups by carrying ApoE ε4 allele or not. The differenees of IL-8 genotypes were no significant whether in carrying ApoE ε4 allele group or not (carrying ε4 group: P=0.965; no carrying ε4 group: P=0.523). [Conclusion] It is suggested that lL-8 gene A-251T polymorphism perhaps has no relation with LOAD and has no interaction with ApoE ε4 allele.

BACKGROUND: It has been successful to repair articular cartilage defects by using solid carrier as cytoskeleton. We tried to transplant liquid or gel carrier materials combined cells into the body of animals, and investigated its feasibility.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of homo-transplatation with liquid or gel carrier materials of Pluronic F-127-recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) engineered chondrocytes for the repair of full-thickness rabbit articular cartilage defect.DESIGN: A controlled experiment.SETTINGS: Department of Orthopaedics, Weihai Municipal Hospital;Shandong Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumaology.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Shandong Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumaology from November 2001 to September 2003. Thirty-six healthy adult New Zealand rabbits of 2.5-4.5 kg, either male or female, were divided into four groups according to the method of random number table: Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 engineered chondrocytes group, Pluronic F-127-rhBMP group, Pluronic F127 engineered chondrocytes group and blank control group, with 9 rabbits in each group.METHODS: After grouping, the 36 rabbits were made into models of articular cartilage defects. Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 was used as a vector of chondrocytes which were obtained from New Zealand rabbits after cultured and amplified in vitro. The mixture of Pluronic F-127, Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 and cultured chondrocytes was transplanted into the defects of articular cartilage that had been made previously with φb3.5 mm drill.There was not any treatment in the blank control group. At 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the repairing conditions of the defects were evaluated with gross observation and histological observation under light microscope and under electron microscope. The repaire quality was assessed blindly according to the Wakitani scoring standard.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Healing of cartilage defects; ② Property and morphology of the chondrocytes, characteristics, number and arrangement of collagens in matrix.RESULTS: ① In the Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 engineered chondrocytes group, the transplanted chondrocytes could grow better than those in other groups, the defected areas were completely filled at 4 weeks. The regenerated tissues at 8 and 12 weeks had similar appearance with the surrounding normal cartilage tissue, but vague. Delimitation. The histological examination showed that transparent cartilages formed, and the defects were healed. ② Under electron microscope at 8 and 12 weeks, there were mature transparent cartilages in the repaired tissues, and there were irregularly arranged slight, even and non-periodical collagen Ⅱ in surrounding. In the blank control group, only fibrous repair was observed, the regenerated tissue lacked elasticity with rough surface. ③ Repairing quality score: The scores at each time point in the Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 engineered chondrocytes group were significantly different from those in the other groups.Those in the Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 engineered chondrocytes group and Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 group and Pluronic F-127 engineered chondrocytes group were significantly different from those in the blank control group [4 weeks: (3.93±1.91), (4.56±1.07), (4.78±1.09), (8.44±1.13) points:8 weeks: (2.80±1.45), (3.24±1.00), (3.33±1.00), (8.44±1.13) points; 12 weeks (2.22±1.10), (3.01±0.69), (3.00±0.71), (9.00±0.87) points, P ＜ 0.001],but there were no significant differences between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The mixture of Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 and cultured chondrocytes can repair successfully the cartilage defects of femoral condyle of rabbit knees by means of hyaline cartilage than simple application of Pluronic F-127-rhBMP-2 or Pluronic F-127 engineered chondrocytes.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) in multiparas after the second delivery.Methods:From June 2017 to September 2019, 300 multiparas with an average age of (31.7±4.0) years (26 to 43 years) after the second delivery were recruited at 6 weeks postpartum from two hospitals in Wenzhou. There were 171 multiparas with two natural births,36 multiparas with one natural birth and one caesarean delivery, and 93 multiparas with two caesarean deliveries. The interrectus distance (IRD) was measured with palpation at 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after delivery. Data on age, height, weight before pregnancy and delivery, baby′s birth weight, abdominal circumference before pregnancy and delivery, fetus number, delivery mode and occupation type were collected. Strength and endurance of abdominal muscle was assessed using manual muscle testing and curl-ups, low back pain was assessed using Oswestry disability index(ODI), urinary incontinence was assessed with International Consultation on Incontinence guestionnaire-incontinentia urinae (ICIQ-UI) short form (ICIQ-SF), and quality of life was assessed using 36-item short form health survey (SF-36).Results:Prevalence of DRA was 51.7%(155/300), 39.3%(116/295) and 27.7%(80/289) 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after delivery, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that age ( OR=1.39, 95 %CI:1.02-1.91, P=0.38), abdominal circumference ratio ( OR=2.31, 95 %CI:1.23-4.33, P=0.01), twins ( OR=11.41, 95 %CI:2.15-60.76, P<0.01), and cesarean section ( OR=1.44, 95 %CI:1.06-1.95, P=0.02) were the risk factors of DRA at 12 months after delivery. At 12 months after delivery, the multiparas with DRA had weaker strength and endurance of abdominal muscle ( Z=-3.62, P<0.01; Z=-8.91, P<0.01), more serious low back pain ( Z=-2.10, P=0.04), and lower quality of life on physical health ( t=-3.34, P<0.01) than the multiparas without DRA. No difference in prevalence and severity of urinary incontinence and quality of life on psychological health was found when comparing multiparas with and without DRA (χ 2=0.66, P=0.42; Z=-1.18, P=0.24; t=0.91, P=0.36). Conclusion:Multipara after the second delivery has great likelihood for DRA.Age, abdominal circumference ratio, twins, and cesarean section are the risk factors of DRA. DRA is related to abdominal muscle dysfunction, low back pain, and quality of life.

The extreme microorganisms Ferroplasma spp., play an important role in bioleaching of sulphide ores at low pH value and temperatures around 50 degrees C. Without cell wall, Ferroplasma spp. is sensitive to pulp density, shearing force and heavy metal ions. Thus it is difficult to obtain their high cell density cultures, which limits the large-scale industrial application. In this paper, the optimum culture conditions of Ferroplasma thermophilum were studied by shaking culture. The results showed that the optimum culture conditions are as follows: 50 degrees C, initial pH 0.5, 50 mL working volume in 250 mL shaking-flask, inorganic nitrogen source (NH4)2SO4. The optimum combination of FeSO4.7H2O, yeast extract and peptone was determined by orthogonal experiments, including FeSO4.7H2O 40 g/L, yeast extract 0.3 g/L, peptone 0.2 g/L. Under the optimum culture conditions, the cell density was up to 6.3 x 10(7) cell/mL, and the oxidation of 40 g/L ferrous sulfate heptahydrate was finished in less than 72 hours. The results might provide information for scale-up of archaeon culture as well as its industrial application.
Archaea ; cytology ; growth & development ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Culture Media ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Metallurgy ; Temperature