Objective To explore the effect of oxygen inhalation on the retinae of newborn rats and its mechanism. Methods We mimicked the retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) by putting the newborn rats in high concentrated oxygen. One-day-old rats were put into the oxygen box with the oxygen concentration of 80% for continuous 7 days; then in air condition for 7 days. The arterial blood oxygen pressure, retinal superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) of the rats (1,2,4,7,8,9,11,14 days old) were examined. The diameter of retinal vessels′ main branch and the coverage rate of peripheral vessels were measured in 7- and 14-day-old rats by ink perfusion. The retinal neovascularization of rats (8,9,11,14 days old) were observed by HE staining. The rats of the same age fed in air condition were in the control group. Results The differential pressures of blood oxygen of rats (1,2,4,7 days old) in study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P0.05). The contents of SOD of the retinae in the rats (1,2,4,7,8 days old) were significantly lower than those in the control group(P

The research of urologic reconstruction with tissue engineering techniques has been carried out for a couple of years.However,the clinical application is impeded by the difficulties in drawing materials and lack of sufficient cells for seeding.The stem cells have the ability of self-renewal and differentiating into desired cell lines,which also have the advantage of less invasive to be harvested,provide new opportunities for further research.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have been used in the autologous augmentation cystoplasty in recent years,and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells can undergo directed differentiation toward to endodermal derived urothelium in the appropriate signaling environment.The stem cells were supposed to differentiate in urethral tissue like cells in bladder tissue according to the similar inner environment.Transurethral ultrasound(TUUS)-guided injections of autologous myoblasts and fibroblasts is an effective and minimally invasive treatment modality to treat stress urinary incontinence.In addition,eNOS-transduced syngeneic MSCs can improve erectile function through accelerating eNOS expression and improving endothelial-derived NO biosynthesis.

Objective:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of levofloxacin and gatifoxacin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.Method:The clinical data of levofloxacin and gatifoxacin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections were collected with the evidence-based medicine method and were evaluated with pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis.Result:The cure rates of two drugs were 64.29%(57.70%,70.88%),and 81.43%(70.05%, 92.81%)and the cost-effectiveness ratios were 1.90 and 5.79 respectively.The?C/?E was 20.37.Conclusion:The cost-effectiveness analysis indicated that the cost-effectivenss ratio of levofloxacin is superior to that of gatifoxacin though the cure efficacy of gatifoxacin for lower respiratory tract infections is better.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy,safety and status of gemcitabine for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) systematically.METHODS:Included studies retrieved from Medline,EMbase,Cancerdit,CBM and CNKI were evaluated by two reviewers alone and cross-checked.The Meta-analyses of studies were conducted using RevMan 4.2.2 software.RESULTS:12 studies containing 1,715 patients with NSCLC were included.12 studies were all reported randomly(RCT).Hidden information and application of blind method in therapy were not reported.Results of meta-analysis indicated that:(1)After chemotherapy reaction rate and the level of median disease development in GP therapy (gemcitabine combined with cisplatin) were higher than in GC therapy (gemcitabine combined with carboplatin) with similar median survival time and strong reaction of digestive tract;(2)Reaction rate;the level of median disease development and median survival time in GP therapy than in EP therapy (etoposide combined with cisplatin) but with strong toxicity in bone marrow;(3)Reaction rate of GP therapy was same to NP therapy (vinorelbine combined with cisplatin) with strong toxicity in bone marrow;(4)Reaction rate,median survival time and one-year survival rate in GP therapy were similar to in gemcitabine alone therapy with intense reaction in digestive tract;(5)Reaction rate in VGP therapy (vinorelbine,gemcitabine combined with cisplatin) was higher than in VG therapy (vinorelbine combined with gemcitabine) with strong toxicity in bone marrow but they had same the level of median disease development and median survival time;(6)Reaction rate,median survival time in DG therapy (gemcitabine combined with taxotere) were higher than in taxotere alone therapy with advanced the quality of life and strong toxicity in bone marrow;(7)Reaction rate,median survival time,the level of median disease development and one-year survival rate in therapy of gemcitabine (50 mg?min-1?30 min,i.v) were similar to that of gemcitabine (10 mg?min-1?150 min,i.v) with intense toxicity in bone marrow.17 cases of related death were reported in all researches.CONCLUSION:Gemcitabine has exact clinical efficacy and causes strong toxicity in bone marrow and reaction in digestive tract.

0.05 for both efficacy(?2=16.229 2)and safety(?2=16.672 0).In combined test for efficacy,the combined OR=2.685 1(95% CI:2.388 3～3.018 7) and the test for combined OR showed that ?2=43.835 8(P

Objective To evaluate the effects and possibility of nitroglycerin on Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) treatment Methods In comparision with the third trimester normal pregnant women (Normal group) (n=11), 34 moderate/severe PIH cases were divided into three groups: PIH treated only with magnesium sulfate (Mg group) (n=11); PIH treated only with nitroglycerin (Ng group) (n=11); and PIH treated with Mg+ Ng (Combination group) (n=12). The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in placenta was investigatd immunohistochemiscally and quantitatively. Data such as platelet aggregation (PAg), umbilcal artery of S/D ratio and resistance index (RI) with color Doppler and the effect of decrement of blood pressure on PHI groups were evaluated. Results In comparision with Normal group, (1) the quantity of eNOS of PIH cases was signaficently lower (P

Objective To compare the scale of the spinal bones removed by microendoscopic discectomy (MED) and interlaminal fenestration approach discectomy (IFAD),and their postoperative influence on the lumber degeneration in patients with lumber disc herniation.Methods Totally 76 cases of MED and 80 cases of IFAD were enrolled in this study.The scale of the spinal bones resected were compared by measuring the width and height of the bone window,as well as the percentages of the removed superior and inferior articular processes by using X-ray.To compare the efficacy of the two procedures,Nakai criteria was employed. The height and angle of intervertebral space and intervertebral displacement were detected preoperation,and then were followed up after the surgery.Results Both the width and height of the bone window and the percentages of the removed superior and inferior articular processes of the MED group was significantly less than those in the IFAD group (P=0.000);whereas,no marked difference was found in the scale of disc removal between the two group[(1.75?0.58) g vs (1.95?0.77)g,t=-1.825,P=0.070].The outcomes of the two group was similar,the rate of excellent and good outcomes of the MED and IFAD groups were 86.8% and 88.8%, respectively (Z=-0.184,P=0.854).In the MED group,the intervertebral space was reduced by 30%?18%,which were similar to that in the IFAD group 34%?15%(t=-1.246,P=0.215);3 cases of the MED group and 5 of the IFAD group had intervertebral instability after the surgery (x~2=0.425,P=0.515).Conclusions Both MED and IFAD are effective for lumbar disc herniation.However,MED shoud be the first choice for the disease,because the procedure causes less trauma.

The progression of immunotherapy in Alzheimers disease was summarized,including active and passive immunotherapy. The therapeutic effect and side effects were indicated. The model of action and strategies for solution of side effects were analyzed.

The current situation of the rise in medical expenses is shown through statistics and the causes of the rise are analyzed. These include: ①inevitability of development, such as changes in the spectrum of diseases, use of new technologies and materials, rise in the overall price index, and generally increased needs for medical care; ②restriction of social factors, such as the imperfect medical insurance system, the reduced proportion of input by the government, the irrational medical pricing and compensation, the fictitiously high pricing of drugs and health materials, and the hospital's excessively high operational costs; ③the boosting effect of the "supporting medicine with drugs" policy. Countermeasures are put forward for the government's price control and financial organs, the departments of health administration, and the hospitals.

Shasheng is a common Chinese drug used as antitussive and expectorant. A survey showed that the original plants of Shasheng on the current market consist of more than 30 species. To appraise the qualities of Saasheng scientifically, the antitussive .and expectorant activities of ten species of Shasheng were compared. Rosults showed that the EtOH extracts of the roots of Glehnta littoralis, Adenophora stricta subsp. henanica, A. potaninii and A .liliifolioides are very effective as autitussive,while those of A .liliijoliolioides,A.stricta subsp. sessilifolia and A. potaninii are very effective as expectorant.