Objective To investigate the effects of ziprasidone and chlorpromazine on the ECG and cognitive function of patients with first episode of schizophrenia .Methods According to the digital table ,90 patients with first-episode schizophrenia were divided into two groups ,45 cases in each group .The control group was given chlorproma-zine,while the observation group received oral ziprasidone .Clinical efficacy,cognitive function and ECG results were compared before and after treatment .Results The PANSS scores of the study group and the control group were (57.78 ±4.16) points and (58.43 ±4.33) points after treatment,which were significantly lower than (72.62 ± 4.66)points and (72.39 ±4.87)points before treatment (t=7.15,7.46,all P<0.05),but the differences were not significant between the two groups (all P>0.05).The total number of tests of WCST ,continuous errors and CT error rate in study group after treatment were (73.32 ±5.08),(40.35 ±4.15) and (12.72 ±2.00)%,which were signif-icantly lower than (86.43 ±5.58),(67.72 ±4.26) and (21.02 ±2.33)%before treatmemt and (84.32 ±5.16), (65.82 ±4.25) and (20.05 ±2.20)%in the control group(t=6.84,7.21,7.85,7.52,8.21,8.12,all P<0.05). WCST categories completed and the number of CT net scores were (5.32 ±0.40) and (125.83 ±11.65) points, which were significantly higher than (3.41 ±0.38) and (102.82 ±10.72) points before treatment and (3.52 ± 0.39) and (108.37 ±10.24)points in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t=6.72,7.11, 7.01,7.53,all P<0.05).The incidence rate of abnormal ECG in study group was 22.22% after treatment,which was significantly lower than 55.56% in the control group(χ2 =11.02,P<0.05).Conclusion Ziprasidone and chlorpromazine have a equivalent efficacy in the treatment of first-episode schizophrenia ,but ziprasidone can signifi-cantly improve cognitive function and has little effect on ECG ,it is safe.

Objective To investigate the regional differential expression of epidermal growth factor(EGF)in transition/peripheral zones of human normal prostate. Methods RT-PCR was used to determine semi-quantitatively the expression of EGF mRNA in 17 specimens of peripheral /central zones from normal prostates and 20 specimens of periurethral zone from BPH.EGF protein expsession was examined with Western blot. Results In normal prostate tissue,EGF mRNA level in transition zone was significant higher than that in peripheral zone (0.96?0.31 vs 0.53?0.27,respectively,P

Objective: The nutritional composition of the muscle of six kinds of cold-water fishes was analyzed . Methods: All fishes were collected and analysed from Bohai Experimental Farm, a base of Heilongjiang River Fisheres Research Institute by conventional biochemical methods. Results: The content of crude protein, lipid and ashes in muscle of six fishes was 75.49%-91.51%, 1.21%-16.80%, 4.93%-6.61% respectively. The total content of amino acids was 69.89 %-88.58%, of 8 essential amino acids 29.61%-38.23%, of 4 delicious amino acids 27.20%-34.92%. All data demonstrated that there is relatively high protein content, comprehensive amino acids and high content of essential and delicious amino acids. Conclusion: The six cold-water fishes belong to super cultured ones involved in high nutritional and economic value and worth to explore for food study and stipulation of germplasmic standard.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of nosocomial infections among patients undergoing radiotherapy, so as to provide insights into nosocomial infection control among radiotherapy patients. Methods: The malignant tumor patients receiving radiotherapy in Yiwu Central Hospital from 2019 to 2020 were selected. Their demographic features, radiotherapy and nosocomial infections were collected through the eletronic medical records. The factors affecting nosocomial infections were identified among radiotherapy patients using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 553 malignant tumor patients receiving radiotherapy were enrolled, including 268 men ( 48.46% ) and with a mean age of ( 60.31±13.66 ) years. The mean duration of hospital stay was ( 28.67±14.32 ) days, and the mean radiotherapy cycle was ( 3.63±1.89 ) weeks. A total of 46 patients were detected with nosocomial infections, with prevalence of 8.32%. The top three sites with the highest prevalence of nosocomial infections included the lower respiratory tract ( 14 cases, 30.43% ), oral cavity ( 10 cases, 21.74 ) and urinary tract ( 8 cases, 17.39% ), and 42 bacterial strains were isolated, with Gram-negative bacteria as the predominant strains ( 25 strains, 59.52% ). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that radiotherapy cycle of 4 weeks and longer ( OR=3.857, 95%CI: 1.896-7.846 ), radiotherapy exposure ( OR=3.254, 95%CI: 1.561-6.783 ), arteriovenous catheterization ( OR=2.165, 95%CI: 1.144-4.098 ), urinary tract intubation ( OR=6.028, 95%CI: 1.841-19.734 ) and poor nutritional status ( OR=3.933, 95%CI: 1.493-10.360 ) were associated with nosocomial infections among radiotherapy patients. Conclusion Radiotherapy cycle, exposure to radiotherapy, arteriovenous catheterization, urinary tract intubation and poor nutritional status are factors affecting nosocomial infections among radiotherapy patients.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the important component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, contributes to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protects the cell against bactericidal agents. LPS, also called endotoxin synonymously, is well known as a potent inducer of the innate immune system that often causes septic shock in the intensive cares. Chemically, the amphiphilic LPS is made up of three parts, i.e., hydrophobic lipid A, hydrophilic core oligosaccharide chain, and hydrophilic O-antigenic polysaccharide side chain. Specially, the lipid A is known to be responsible for a variety of biological effects during Gram-negative sepsis. LPS can elicit a strong response from innate immune system and result in local or systemic adverse reactions. LPS can trigger massive inflammatory responses and may result in immunopathology, for which the molecular basis is mediated by the signal path- way of LPS. In recent years, a tremendous progress has been made in determining the associated proteins and receptors in the LPS signaling that leads to the disease. This review gives a summary of recent progresses of research on LPS and LPS receptors.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; Drug Design ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; Lipopolysaccharides ; chemistry

Currently, all the conventional antibiotics have developed corresponding drug-resistant pathogenic strains, which have increasingly become a serious threat to people's health. Development of completely new types of antibiotics is one of effective ways to solve the drug resistance issue. Antimicrobial peptides with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antimicrobial activity and wild variety become the ideal alternative to traditional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides are derived from wide range of sources, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. Mechanism of function of the antimicrobial peptides and the investigation approaches of different antimicrobial peptides also vary dramatically. In this paper, we give an overview of preparation, antibacterial mechanisms, and research methodology of antimicrobial peptides.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ; pharmacology ; Humans

Antimicrobial peptides ( AMPs) are critical component of the innate immune system of organisms, and have been demonstrated with the activity against a variety of microorganisms including bacteria, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells.Broad-spectrum activity and low propensity for resistance development make the AMPs as a kind of great potential for development of new anti-infective agents.In this paper, the origins, the action, the mechanism, the application prospects are reviewed.

Objective To evaluate the osteoinductive activity of recombinant adenoviral vector carrying the human BMP-2 gene(AdBMP-2) and investigate the mechanism of bone formation induced by the bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2).Methods AdBMP-2 infected rabbit bone messenchymal stem cells(BMSC) were cultivated in vitro.The expression of hBMP-2 was determined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis,and ALP was determined by enzyme cytochemistry 7 d after infection.At 21th day,Alizarin red S staining was used to evaluate calcium-rich deposits by cells transfected in culture.30 ?L AdBMP-2 solution(2?10~(12)pfu?mL~(-1)) was injected into the muscle of the left hind limb of the nude rat,and 30 ?L Ad? gal solution(2?10~(12)pfu?mL~(-1)) was injected into the muscle of the right hind limb as control.Animals were sacrificed at 20th day following injection to investigate the bone formation histologically and the expression of BMP-2 in the specimens of the injection sites by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization method.Results The expressions of BMP-2 and ALP in the transduced BMSC were confirmed at 7 th day after infection.A deeply stained mineralized layer was evident at 21th day in transduced cells.In vivo experiment,BMP-2 gene therapy induced mesenchymal monocytes chemotaxis,proliferation, differentiation into chondrocytes,with subsequent endochondral bone formation.At the same time,hBMP-2 expression was observed in the chondrocytes,osteoblasts and mesenchymal monocytes.(Conclusion AdBMP-2) posseses the osteoinductive activity in vitro and in vivo.