Objective:To evaluate the application value of simplified augmented reality (AR) technique in the location of puncture point before drainage of supratentorial hemorrhage in the elderly.Methods:One hundred and sixty-three senile patients with supratentorial cerebral hemorrhage (amount of bleeding: 30-60 mL) treated by hematoma drainage from February 2018 to February 2020 were chosen in our study; 85 patients (observation group) were treated with AR technique assisted drainage, and 78 patients (control group) accepted drainage assisted by virtual reality (VR) technique (3D slicer software) combined with AR technique (Sina software). The differences of preoperative location time, accuracy rate of catheter placement, sufficient drainage rate of hematoma within 72 h of surgery, postoperative pulmonary infection rate, postoperative Intensive Care Unit staying time, and favorable prognosis rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The accuracy of the catheter placement (95.3% vs. 94.9%), sufficient drainage rate of hematoma within 72 h of surgery (96.5% vs. 96.2%), postoperative pulmonary infection rate (21.2% vs. 19.2%), postoperative Intensive Care Unit staying time ([75.5±16.7] h vs. [81.5±19.5] h), favorable prognosis rate (75.3% vs. 70.5%) between the observation group and control group showed no significant differences ( P>0.05), but the preoperative location time in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group ([12.2±6.5] min vs. [37.5±11.3] min, P<0.05). Conclusion:On the basis of no significant difference in the accuracy and therapeutic effect of catheter placement, drainage assisted by simplified AR technique is more convenient and faster than that by VR combined with AR technique.

Objective To explore the application value of emergency temporal body surface positioning for single drain dual-target thalamic hematoma ventricular drainage in the treatment of thalamic hemorrhage breaking into ventricle with hydrocephalus.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 223 patients with thalamic hemorrhage breaking into the ventricles with hydrocephalus,including a study group of 115 cases who underwent emergency single drain dual-target thalamic hematoma ventricular drainage surgery with temporal body surface positioning,and a control group of 108 cases who underwent emergency ventricular drainage first and then underwent stereotactic thalamic hematoma drainage surgery after the condition stabilized.Compare the differences in postoperative complications and treatment outcomes between two groups of patients,and evaluate the application value of temporal surface positioning for single drain dual-target thalamic hematoma ventricular drainage surgery in the treatment of thalamic hemorrhage breaking into the ventricle with hydrocephalus.Results The postoperative rebleeding rates,hematoma clearance and death were 5.2％,87.5％±7.3％and 13.9％in the study group and 4.7％,90.2％±8.5％and 15.7％in control group,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).The tube time,postoperative intracranial infection,Shunt dependent hydrocephalus,effective treatment and favorable prognosis of and the control group were(75.5±18.4)h,3.5％,19.1％,53.9％and 51.3％in the study group and(130.8±22.9)h,13.9％,35.1％,38.7％and 38.0％,respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Body surface landmark-guided emergency single drain dual-target thalamic hematoma ventricular drainage surgery for the treatment of thalamic hemorrhage breaking into the ventricle with hydrocephalus is safe and reliable,and can improve the patient's prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the value of CT angiography (CTA) point sign in the treatment of patients with moderate amount basal ganglia hemorrhage at ultra-early stage by trephination and drainage or craniotomy, and its influence in the prognoses.Methods:One hundred and twenty-six patients with moderate amount basal ganglia hemorrhage (30-60 mL) admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were chosen in our study; these patients were evaluated and conformed to have the same tolerance of craniotomy or drainage; and their families agreed to the ultra-early surgical treatments; their clinical data were retrospectively collected. They all accepted CTA before operation. Among them, 68 were into the craniotomy group, including 38 into CTA spot sign negative sub-group and 30 into positive sub-group; 58 were into the trephination and drainage group, including 39 into CTA spot sign negative sub-group and 19 into positive sub-group. The differences of favorable prognosis rate and postoperative re-hemorrhage rate were compared between the craniotomy group and trephination and drainage group, as well as each two sub-groups.Results:The favorable prognosis rate and postoperative re-hemorrhage rate of patients in the craniotomy group (61.8% and 2.9%) were significantly lower as compared with those in the trephination and drainage group (82.8% and 15.5%, P<0.05). In the craniotomy group, the favorable prognosis rate and postoperative re-hemorrhage rate in the CTA spot sign positive sub-group (60.0% and 4.8%) were higher than those in the negative sub-group (63.2% and 2.1%), without significant differences ( P>0.05); in the trephination and drainage group, the favorable prognosis rate and postoperative re-hemorrhage rate in the CTA spot sign positive sub-group (63.2% and 36.8%) were significantly different as compared with those in the negative sub-group (92.3% and 5.1%, P<0.05). Conclusion:Among patients with moderate amount basal ganglia hemorrhage, prognoses can be effectively improved in the following treatments: if the patients have negative CTA spot sign, are evaluated to have low risk of postoperative re-hemorrhage after craniotomy or drainage, and are considered that the prognosis by drainage is better than that by craniotomy, trephination and drainage should be selected; if the patients have positive CTA spot sign, and are evaluated to have lower risk of postoperative re-hemorrhage by craniotomy than that by drainage, craniotomy should be selected.